Quiz: Weight, Body Composition, Disordered Eating, and Life-long Fitness
1. In sports in which explosive power is a requirement or provides a competitive advantage,
having a high power-to-weight ratio is important. True False
2. Body composition plays a relatively minor role in the performance of athletes who are
successful in _____. distance running gymnastics basketball golf
3. The only true measurement of the amount of fat in the body is by chemical analysis of
cadavers. True False
4. Essential fat is the minimum amount of body fat necessary for proper physiological
functioning. True False
5. Before bioelectrical impedance analysis is performed, the subject should _____.
avoid any activity within 12 hours of the assessment
abstain from eating or drinking within 4 hours of the assessment
abstain from alcohol consumption within 72 hours of the assessment
ingest diuretic agents such as caffeine
6. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) body composition method uses the rationale that
_____.
body tissues can be distinguished based upon their relative ability to conduct electrical currents
different tissues will absorb or reflect light
bone density is related to body composition
displacement of air will determine body volume
7. All methods for measuring body composition have some inherent error. True False
8. A benefit of measuring body composition by skinfold measurements is _____.
that it is the gold standard in measuring body composition
the calipers are relatively inexpensive and easily portable
that it doesn’t require privacy to conduct the measurement
that there are no calculations required
9. Body mass index (BMI) is a _____.
measure of how much muscle mass an athlete should have
method of measuring body composition
formula that predicts the best weight for performance and health
screening tool for the general population that helps individuals determine a “healthy weight”
range
10. Endomorphs are typically described as being slightly built with less-developed muscle mass
and fat stores. True False
11. Precursors to testosterone are known as prohormones. True False
12. A few sports are size dependent, such as sumo wrestling and _____.
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ice hockey soccer ski jumping basketball
13. What is essential fat? Visceral fat Subcutaneous and visceral fat
Minimum body fat necessary for proper physiological functioning
The amount of fat needed to maintain menstruation
14. Compared to members of the entire team, the position played has a much narrower range of
weights and body compositions. True False
15. The majority of research studies conclude that weight cycling results in a decrease in resting
metabolic rate over the long term. True False
16. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was originally developed for clinical use for
measuring _____. fat mass fat-free mass bone density hydration
17. For an athlete trying to lose body fat, what is the minimum amount of carbohydrate that
should be consumed each day? 4 g/kg 5 g/kg 6 g/kg 7 g/kg
18. Two methods used by individuals with bulimia nervosa to prevent food from being absorbed
are vomiting and _____. diuretics laxatives enemas starvation
19. An individual demonstrates some signs of both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa but
does not fully meet the criteria for either. How would this condition be characterized?
Anorexia nervosa, purging type Binge eating disorder
Eating disorder not otherwise specified “Normal” eating
20. For a person with anorexia nervosa, weight gain is ___?
seen as a lack of self-discipline seen as a lack of self-control
can negatively affect self-esteem all of these are correct
21. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5), lists which
one of the following as a criterion for anorexia nervosa?
Persistent lack of recognition of seriousness of current low body weight
Feeling that one cannot stop eating or control what or how much one is eating
Misuse of laxatives and diuretics
Recurrent self-induced vomiting to prevent weight gain
22. What characterizes body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)?
Excessive concern with perceived body defects
Being severely underweight
Being severely obese
Displaying and eating disorder
23. What is the prevalence of anorexia nervosa in late-adolescent and early adult females?
0.5 to 1.0 percent 1 to 3 percent 8 to 10 percent 12 to 15 percent
24. Osteopenia is defined as a low _____.
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bone mineral density bone mineral density with changes in bone microarchitecture
calcium intake in the presence of amenorrhea calcium intake over several decades
25. Eating disorders are psychiatric diseases; therefore, treatment programs are limited to
psychological therapy. True False
26. Studies conducted in amenorrheic distance runners suggest that _____.
long-duration, weight-bearing exercise compensates for the loss of bone mineral density
associated with amenorrhea
bone mineral density declines in the first six months and then stabilizes due to long-duration,
weight-bearing exercise
osteopenia and osteoporosis do occur despite long-duration, weight-bearing exercise
loss of bone mineral density is primarily a result of very low calcium intake, not exercise
27. Normal eating allows for occasional undereating and occasional overeating. True False
28. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa share many clinical features, although _____ is a
major difference between these two conditions. body image psychological pathology
body weight emphasis on diet
29. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by a refusal to maintain a minimum body weight and an
intense fear of gaining weight. True False
30. Eating disorders are classified as psychiatric diseases because control, body image, and self-
esteem are underlying factors. True False
31. Binge Eating Disorder is an eating disorder characterized by eating and immediately purging.
True False
32. Which statement is true about an athlete’s progression from a normal eating pattern to
disordered eating and then to an eating disorder?
This progression always occurs due to the pressures that athletes face.
This progression is influenced only eating behaviors, and is independent of exercise behaviors.
This progression is driven exclusively by psychological stresses.
This progression is caused by many factors, including inappropriate eating and dieting, training
demands, and psychological stresses.
33. A binge is described as eating a large amount of food that is _____.
greater than 2,000 calories in 2 hours or less
relative to the individual’s usual pattern of eating, in 2 hours or less
greater than 2,000 calories in 30 minutes or less
relative to the individual’s usual pattern of eating, in 30 minutes or less
34. The two subtypes of anorexia nervosa are ____.
anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
anorexic nervosa and anorexia athletica
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restricting type and binge-eating/purging type
restricting type and athletica type
35. According to scientific research, what effect does the DASH diet have on prevention and
treatment of high blood pressure?
DASH helps to treat high blood pressure but does not help to prevent it.
DASH helps to prevent high blood pressure but does not help to treat it.
DASH helps to prevent and treat high blood pressure.
DASH has no effect on either treatment or prevention of high blood pressure.
36. An athlete is considering making a change to his or her diet in the next two weeks. According
to the Stages of Change Model, what stage is the athlete currently in?
Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action
37. What is the relationship between physical activity and weight loss?
Physical activity must result in weight loss to be beneficial.
Physical activity must be of long duration and high intensity to be beneficial.
Physical activity must be coupled with dietary restriction to be beneficial.
Physical activity is beneficial even if it does not result in weight loss.
38. According to the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines, saturated fat should ultimately be limited to
no more than _____% of total calories from saturated fat. 20 10 7 5
39. A decrease in body fat can disrupt the normal signaling of adipokines, hormone-like
substances secreted from adipose tissue. True False
40. The most appropriate use of body mass index (BMI) is to determine
potential health risks in the general population. potential health risks in the athletic population.
ideal weight for adults. ideal weight for athletes.
41. Common symptoms in individuals with type 2 diabetes include ____.
hypoglycemia and hypoinsulinemia hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia
hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia
42. Which weight-loss plan is known for its support system?
Atkins diet Ornish diet Weight Watchers diet Zone diet
43. When compared to recommendations made for other chronic diseases, the diet and exercise
recommendations made for preventing lifestyle-related cancers are ____.
similar different in many respects substantially different in opposition to other
recommendations
44. What is body mass index (BMI)?
A measure of how much muscle mass an athlete should have
A method of measuring body composition
A formula that predicts the best weight for performance and health
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A number that represents a weight-to-height ratio
45. Of the chronic diseases listed, when an individual’s BMI increases it has the greatest impact
on risk for ____. diabetes heart disease hypertension high blood cholesterol
46. The Health at Every Size movement does not support the use of weight-loss diets unless the
individual is severely obese. True False
47. Specific Activity Guidelines published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services state that children and adolescents (ages 6–17) should _____.
not engage in any vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise
do 1 hour or more a day of mostly moderate- or vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity
do 2 hours or more a day of mostly moderate- or vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity
do 2 hours and 30 minutes a week of moderate-intensity or 1 hour and 15 minutes a week of
vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity, or a combination of these Incorrect Answer.
48. A 30-year-old sedentary male has a body mass index (BMI) of 31. Which category does this
place him in? Low BMI Healthy range Overweight Obesity
49. Approximately one-third of the people who die in the United States each year die from
chronic diseases. True False
50. Physiological changes and food intake behavior are primarily controlled by the hypothalamus
on both a short-term and long-term basis. True False
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