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Annotated Bibliography
Eric Chacon
Liberty University Online
GOVT 329: American Exceptionalism
Professor Ron Miller
June 29th, 2021
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Murray, Charles. American Exceptionalism: An American Experiment in History. Lanham:
Rowman &Littlefield Publishing, 2011.
In the classroom textbook written by Charles Murray he goes into depth in explaining
American Exceptionalism and how it has affected every country in the world. Charles Murray
explains the steps that helped the progress of American Exceptionalism for example like the
worth ethics of the first Americans that were building this country, and also explains how
America is the best country in best country in the globe. Charles Murray also explains that the
core of American Exceptionalism is not a nationalistic idea, but more of an idea that any person
outside of the United States would not have the same freedoms that an American or a person
living in America. Lastly, Murray goes into details that it’s time to start exporting American ideas
to countries abroad.
Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam. "Europeans Work to Live and Americans Live to Work (Who is
Happy to Work More: Americans or Europeans?)." Journal of Happiness Studies, 225-
243: 2011.
In this Article, the author goes into how Americans are more happier working than
Europeans. It also mentions how Americans work longer hours, work more, and take less
vacation than Europeans do. Also, it talks about how Americans will sacrifice spending time with
their family over work, compared to European countries. Lastly, the article does not say that
Americans are in need of work but rather compared the happiness, and work ethics of Americans
and Europeans and how it provides an explanation to American productivity.
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Rodgers, Daniel T. The Work Ethic in Industrial America: 1850-1920. Seconded.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014.
In this book written by Daniel Rodgers, he tries to explain and categorize the aspects of the
industriousness that had been seen by Americans in the mid 19th century. The author uses data
from that time period to analyze and compared the United States to other countries from that
same time period and gives his explanation in why America was able to thrive during the
industrial revolution and how the work ethics of American led to such greatness.
Rubin, Leslie G. America, Aristotle, and the Politics of a Middle Class. Waco, TX:
Baylor University Press, 2018.
The author Leslie Rubin writes about the connection of the republic and politics in
America. She connects about what Aristotle wrote to highlight that the middle class in the United
States are the ones that keep America running. She mentions that the only reason why America’s
middle class has disappeared is because Americans inherited the virtue of industriousness and
work ethics from the first dozens of settlers. Leslie Rubin also details that the middle class would
not exist if it wasn’t because of American Exceptionalism and emphasizes that today’s political
arena would not be what it is if it wasn’t because of the middle class.
Zabel, Keith L., Benjamin B. J. Biermeier-Hanson, Boris B. Baltes, Becky J. Early, and
Agnieszka Shepard. “Generational Differences in Work Ethic: Fact or Fiction?” Journal
of Business and Psychology.
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In this article that argument of millennials being lazy gets dismantled. The article itself
proofs that there isn’t any difference between boomers and millennials when it comes to work.
Eventually, this article redefines that all Americans have in them the American Exceptionalism
and industriousness.
Gingrich, Newt. A Nation Like No Other: Why American Exceptionalism Matters. Washington
DC: Regnery Publishing, 2011
A Republican politician and former speaker of the house, discusses the phenomenon of
American Exceptionalism, the belief that the United States has very important and significant
role in the world. Overall, he argues that in other for the United States to stay prosperous it must
always remain the most wealthy and powerful country in the world.
McCortney, Amy L., and Dennis W. Engels. “Revisiting the Work Ethic in America.” The Career
Development Quarterly 52, no. 2 (2003): 132–40.
In this article Amy McCortney, dissects the effects of 9/11 and the financial crisis in 2002.
She dissects these to prove that the American people will still work hard even after a terror attack
and a crisis. And regardless of those two outcomes the productivity of Americans did not
decrease, but rather worked harder.
Alesina, Alberto, Edward Glaeser, and Bruce Sacerdote. "Why do Americans Work So
Hard: Work and Leisure in the USA." Public Policy Research, Harvard University, 2005:
148-158.
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In this article, there are explanations of America’s heritage and culture and the different
views that led to the creation of cultures. Also, this article compares and contrast the American
culture and other cultures around the world. The most noticeable one is the work ethics of
Americans. The author describes Americans was they live to work and Europeans as they work
to live and it is one of the reasons what has made America an exceptionalist country.
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