1.
1.
1.
1.
Piaget believed that preadolescents in the formal operational stage are beginning to
be able to think:
Constructiv
ely
Abstractly
Operationall
y
Reasonably
QUESTION 2
Two positions on the origin of knowledge and its relationship to the environment are
___________.
Behaviorism and
determinism
Determinism and
rationalism
Rationalism and
empiricism.
Empiricism and dualism
QUESTION 3
From Vygotsky's view point, which would be the best description of developmentally
appropriate activities?
Teaching to the test so students know what is expected
Focusing on skills not yet developed and infuse these into the
curriculum
Encouraging students to reflect on skills gained
independently
Selecting tasks students can do with help but cannot do on
their own
QUESTION 4
According to Piaget, the process of adjusting schemes in response to the environment
by means of assimilation and accommodation is:
Adaptation
Scheme transition
A sensorimotor
response
A physical response
QUESTION 5
QUESTION 6
QUESTION 9
1.
1.
1.
1.
______________ is critical, for without it all learning would be “situationally specific”.
Motivation
Transfer.
Encoding
Self-regulated
learning
Seriation, an important task children learn during the concrete operational stage, is
characterized by which ability?
Arranging items with automaticity
Arranging things in a logical progression
Understanding that objects exist even if they are
out of sight
Thinking abstractly about problems
QUESTION 7
The importance of Bronfenbrenner's bioecological view of development is in
emphasizing:
Nested levels of social and institutional influence on a child's
development
The social and moral aspects of children's learning and development
The child as a unique individual during development rather than a
miniature adult
The environmental influences that impact the developmental process
QUESTION 8
____________ theories view learning as a change in the rate, frequency of occurrence,
or form of behavior or response, which occurs primarily as a function of environmental
factors.
Constructivi
st
Cognitive
Behavior
Social
1.
1.
1.
1.
Theories and research findings help to advance the field of learning, but their
ultimate contribution must be __________________________.
To improve decision-
maki ng
To improve test scores
To improve validity
To improve teaching
Establishing a psychological laboratory was significant because…
It marked the transition from experimentation and instrumentation to an emphasis on
philosophical theorizing.
It marked the transition from philosophical theorizing to an emphasis on experimentation
and instrumentation.
It established philosophy as a discipline and experimentation as the method of gaining
knowledge.
It paved the way to Wundt to publish his first book, Principles of Physiological Psychology
(1874).
QUESTION 11
According to our text, which statement is the most accurate definition of learning?
Learning is an enduring change in behavior, or in the capacity to behave in a given fashion,
which results from practice or other forms of experience.
Learning theory and educational practice should not complement one another.
The scientific study of learning had its beginnings in the writings of early philosophers of
Skinner and Pavlov.
Learning is observable and does not change over time.
QUESTION 12
Emma knows that if 2 + 5 = 7, then 7-5=2. This requires which of the following
cognitive characteristics?
Formal
thought
Reversibility
QUESTION 10
1.
1.
Transitivity
Seriation
According to Piaget, how does a child's cognitive ability develop?
Through automatic genetic
processes
Through association with peers
Through automatic natural
processes
Through a progression of
stages
Ramona is a first year teacher. She prepared tirelessly all summer for a fifth-grade
position. As school approached she learned the fifth-grade position was eliminated and
instead she would fill a first-grade position. Ramona knows in order to be an effective
teacher at any level she will most need to:
Take student physical development into account when arranging
the classroom
Be careful to model traditional gender roles for such young
learners
Design instruction to meet the district grade level objectives
Take into account her students' ages and stages of development
1.Ms. Madison is teaching her first graders to read by using explicit instruction to teach
systematic skills. Her students are engaged in activities that help them recognize sounds
within words (recognizing that the words bee, bat, and ball begin with the same letter). What
component of reading instruction is Ms. Madison teaching?
Vocabulary
Phonemic
awareness
Fluency
QUESTION 13
QUESTION 14
QUESTION 15
1.
1.
1.
1.
Phonics
QUESTION 16
Which of the following best fits the idea that Piaget refers to as disequilibrium?
You find that what you expect to happen actually
does happen
You encounter something that doesn't make sense
You encounter something familiar that you don't like
You know something is wrong but you do it anyway
QUESTION 17
Empiricism holds that _____________ is the only form of knowledge.
Reason
Experience
Meno
Deductive
reasoning
Mr. Nicely often begins his lectures by presenting students with two ideas or
observations that apparently conflict. He feels this method of presenting a paradox arouses
students' interest. From Piaget's point of view, the teacher is making use of his students'
natural response to:
Egocentrism
Anticipatory
set
Transitivity
Disequilibriu
m
Regardless of the method of assessment, which of the following is not important as a
criterion of assessment?
Absence of
bias
QUESTION 18
QUESTION 19
1.
1.
1.
Based on Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory, a child's teacher influences
development at what level?
Macrosyste
m
Microsyste
m
Exosystem
Mesosyste
m
Reliability
Value
Validity
QUESTION 20
In the context of educational psychology, the term development refers to how
people:
Learn in response to environmental cues
Grow, adapt, and change over the course of
their lifetimes
Fulfill intellectual potential and promise
Respond to demands placed upon them
Piaget described cognitive development as a sequence of stages. Which of the
following represents his stages in developmental order?
Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal
operational
Preoperational, sensorimotor, concrete operational , formal
operational
Concrete operational, sensorimotor, preoperational , formal
operational
QUESTION 21
QUESTION 22
1.
1.
1.
1. Early literacy development depends on:
Sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operational, concrete
operational
QUESTION 23
Behavior and cognitive theories agree that both the learning environment and
differences among learners can affect learning, but they have different views on the
emphasis of each of these factors. Which statement is the most accurate according to
Slavin and Schunk (2021)?
Cognitive theories emphasize how stimuli are arranged and presented and how responses
are reinforced.
Behavior theories emphasize the role of learner differences on learning whereas cognitive
theories emphasize the role of the environment on learning.
Behavior theories emphasize the role of the environment on learning whereas cognitive
theories emphasize the role of learner differences on learning.
Behavioral theories emphasize the role of learners’ thoughts, beliefs, attitudes, and value.
QUESTION 24
Continuous theories of development assume that development occurs:
In a start and stop progression as individuals interact with the
environment
Through indirect learning and skill acquisition
As a set of predictable and invariant stages unfolds in a sequence
In a smooth progression as skills develop and the environment
provides experiences
QUESTION 25
Transitivity involves the ability to:
Move bilaterally
Arrange objects in
sequence
Change direction
Infer relationships
QUESTION 26
A child's gender-based preferences for
literature
A child's awareness of cultural practices
Children's early experiences with books
and letters
Children's social experiences outside the
home
QUESTION 27
1.Zander, a preschooler, explains that a sandwich cut into four pieces is more than a
sandwich cut in half. This response is typical of a child in the preoperational stage. What
characteristic of this stage explains such errors in conservation tasks?
Constructivi
sm
Equilibration
Centration
Adaptation
QUESTION 28
1.Discontinuous theories of development focus on:
Inborn factors rather than environmental
influences
Environmental influences rather than genetic
factors
The importance of parenting and education
The mixture of positive and negative effects of
nurturing
QUESTION 29
1.Sometimes, when old ways of dealing with the world simply don't work, a child might
modify an existing scheme in light of new information or a new experience. This is a process
called:
Avoidance
Assi milation
Accommodation
Discontinuous
development
QUESTION 30
1.A theory is…
A description of the results of a particular research study
A statement that describes how a particular variable affects learning or
development.
A scientifically acceptable set of principles offered to explain a
phenomenon
An objective measure of how a person behaves in a particular situation
