DSM-5 SUMMARY #3 1
DSM-5 Summary #3
Cara Soto
School of Behavioral Sciences in Mental Health Counseling, Liberty University
DSM-5 SUMMARY #3 2
Overview of Personality Disorder
Unless indicated otherwise, the following information has been taken from the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric
Association, 2013).
Symptoms:
oInner experiences and behaviors that go against social or cultural norms
oWays of perceiving and interpreting, self, events and people
oEmotional responses are not appropriate.
oImpulse control
oInterpersonal Functioning
Disorders
Avoidant personality disorder- hypersensitive and negative evaluation of self, marked
with social inhibition and feelings of inadequacy. Paranoid personality disorder- is characterized
by suspicion and distrust of another’s intentions. Schizoid Personality Disorder-removing self
from social relationships and having limited emotional expressions. Schizotypal Personality
Disorder -uncomfortable with close relationships, mind, and perceptual distortions along with
odd behaviors. Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder is a pattern of preoccupation with
orderliness, perfectionism, and control. Antisocial Personality Disorder-person has no regard for
the boundaries and rights of others. Borderline Personality Disorder- has self-image,
interpersonal relationship distress as well as impulsivity. Histrionic Personality Disorder
-characterized by excessive emotionalism and attention seeking. Narcissistic Personality
Disorder-is shown by having a lack of empathy a need for admiration and tries to be impressive.
Dependent Personality Disorder-has an extreme need for being taken care of, they are clingy to
others and exhibit unnecessary submission.
Risk and Prognosis Factor
DSM-5 SUMMARY #3 3
Borderline personality disorder has a greater risk of being inherited. A person is 5X more
likely to have it if their relative of the first degree has been diagnosed. This is biological.
Overview of Somatic Symptoms
Unless indicated otherwise, the following information has been taken from the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric
Association, 2013).
Symptoms:
oExaggerating health problems
oHealth anxiety
oExcessive time spent and energy used on health issues
Disorders
Somatic Symptom Disorder-disproportionate thinking, distress, and behavior related to
physical symptoms. Illness Anxiety Disorder- undue worry about a major illness when only
minor symptoms occur. Conversion Disorder- this disorder produces unexplained neurological
symptom(s) that are not culturally acceptable, nor can they be explained by medical evidence.
Malingering- intentionally faking both psychological and physical symptoms to gain from them.
Factitious Disorder-fabrication of psychological or physical symptoms, however, this is without
evidence of gains from those symptoms.
Risk and Prognosis Factor
A high number of somatic symptoms have been related to a neuroticism personality trait.
anxiety and depression may increase symptoms. These are Psychological. Low socio-economic
and few years of education and stress have also been linked to more symptoms. This is social.
DSM-5 SUMMARY #3 4
Abuse in childhood, chronic physical illnesses, being female, social stress among many other
factors adds to an increase of persistent somatic symptoms. These are environmental influences.
Overview of Neurodevelopmental
Unless indicated otherwise, the following information has been taken from
the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric
Association, 2013).
Symptoms:
oDevelopmental delays
oImpairments of social, personal, academic, and occupational functioning
oSpecific limitation such as learning, social skills and intelligence
Disorder
Intellectual Disability- is defined by general mental disabilities. Speech Sound
Disorder-speech sound production that prevents communication. Language Disorder-lack
of comprehension of written, signed, or spoken language. Stuttering-repetition of sound
and syllables, broken words, prolonging of consonants, and/or vowels. Social
Communication Disorder- not knowing how to use verbal and non-verbal signals to
communicate that is culturally acceptable. Autism Spectrum Disorder- does not
understand how to develop, understand, or maintain a relationship. Attention-Deficit/
Hyperactivity Disorder-has difficulty maintaining attention, struggles with organizing,
time, work, school. Specific Learning Disorder- has difficulty with spelling,
comprehension in reading and listening. Developmental Coordination Disorder- difficulty
learning and using motor skills. Stereotypic Movement Disorder- repetitive body
DSM-5 SUMMARY #3 5
movements with no purpose. Tourette's Disorder- motor or vocal disorder, sudden or
rapid repetitive movements of body or vocal sounds.
Risk and Prognosis Factor
Movement Disorder can be triggered by environmental stress. Movements can cause self-
injury; social isolation is a risk factor that can cause a person to be triggered. These are
environmental factors.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
(DSM-5). American Psychiatric Publishing.
