LIBERTY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF DIVINITY
SWOT ANALYSIS: HOSPITAL CHAPLAINCY
Submitted to Dr. Harold Bryant,
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of
CHPL500
Introduction to Chaplaincy Ministry
by
Anna Jackson
March 18, 2018
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
STRENGTHS.............................................................................................................................3-4
WEAKNESSES...........................................................................................................................4-5
OPPORTUNITIES......................................................................................................................5-6
THREATS...................................................................................................................................6-7
CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................................7
APPENDIX……........................................................................................................................8-15
BIBLIGRAPHY….……………………………………………………………………………16
1
Introduction
A Chaplains is a clergy or layperson of a religious tradition whose ministry is in a
secular institution such as the military units, police or fire departments, healthcare including
hospice, universities, work place, sports teams, correctional and prisons institutions. Chaplains
and clergy have the charge and responsibilities that Jesus shared in his ministry. They both are
teachers of the goodness of God’s word, they are comfort in times of need, each of them try to
assist people in their spiritual growth. There are many similarities between the two but the
differences are just as great. The unique and often time most difficult is the setting in which the
ministry is provided. Community clergy person minister to people of the same religious belief
and they share the same or similar culture identities. Whereas Chaplains usually minister to a
group of people of all religious or no religious faith at all. Chaplains minister to people of all
different cultures backgrounds, different social economic, professional and political
backgrounds. Priest, pastors and other clergy person are given authority by a congregations or
ecclesiastical body; however, chaplains are given authority by the institution that employs them
as well as the ecclesiastical body that endorses them.1
The data in this research analysis provides a synopsis of the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats within the realm of healthcare chaplaincy. This research paper was
written using foundational information from, a book review based on the perspective of the
importance of chaplaincy in healthcare, chaplain interview, and discussions board questions and
peer interaction plus other sources to assist in learning about the type of chaplaincy ministries
that fit my calling and personality. The purpose, then, of this research paper is to analyze the
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats using a more specific approach toward
healthcare chaplaincy.
1 Naomi K. Paget and Janet R McCormack, The Work of the Chaplain (PA: Judson Press, 2006).
2
Strengths
The experience of illness is a significant life event which people need an avenue to
express their feeing. The talking about illness is part of the process of understanding it and
accepting the changes it has on your life and the lives of those that love you. Your care team is
there to care for your medical needs, by incorporating a healthcare chaplain as part of your care
team offers care for your spirit and mind. Most clinician agree how important wholeness in the
context of holistic care is vital to healing even when the treatment does not include a cure. World
Health Organization (WHO 2014), defines such care as the active total care of a person body,
mind and spirit, and involves giving support to the families. The strength of a healthcare
2
chaplain is the ministry of presence, healthcare chaplains go to their patient’s rooms and sit with
them and at times just listen to them talk through their feelings, fears and next steps. Healthcare
chaplains are unique from other clinicians of the healthcare team because they are held to a
higher power to provide a way to peace in any situation. Chaplains are compassionate and
provide that compassion with each person as in individual, they are not rushed during their visits
with the patient and families. They provide a holistic approach to healing and understanding,
offer the difference between being healed and being cured. There primary focus is healing not to
cure. Another strength of a chaplain is they can build relationships with those they serve. That
relationship is between the chaplain and the patient and their families and at times can lead to the
patient getting into relationship with God. In my interview with Dr. Myranda Flemister, a
hospice chaplain her greatest strength as a hospice chaplain has been her ability to witness a
patient or their families grow in their spiritual life. Empowering them to find themselves and
remember the good in their live. She stated as she helps them see the good in their own lives it
2 Jonathan Pye, Peter Sedgwich, and Andrew Todd. Critical Care Delivering Spiritual Care in Healthcare Context.
London: Jessical Kingsley Publishers, 2015 page 251
3
helps to reconcile with what is happening to them or their family member. Her own personal
strength comes from being a servant of God and doing his will by helping those in need seek
him, remember his promises as they search for meaning in their pain. 1 Peter 3:15 King James
Version (KJV) 15 But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts: and be ready always to give an
answer to every man that asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you with meekness and fear3
Another strength is that the healthcare system has recognize the importance of having chaplains
on their staff.
Weaknesses
Today, we live in a society with people of diverse cultures and religious belief. Chaplains
need to be grounded in their faith but also must be aware of the challenges they face daily. What
I have notice in the younger generations they have many questions about faith. My reason for
coming to seminary was so that I will be able to accept those challenges. Working as part of an
institution you are required to follow the bylaws, regulations and rules of that institutions. Dr.
Miranda was disappointed that during her first assignment in the hospital she was not allowed to
pray in “Jesus name” even if the patient or family she was praying with was of the Christian
faith. As a pastor herself that was a weakness and challenge for her. She could do her job but she
had to put in extra efforts to be careful not to end to include that in her prayers. Another
weakness working in healthcare as a chaplain is getting too close to the patients and families.
You deal with a lot of loss and it is important that you always find a way to release that pain for
yourself. Chaplains must find an overall balance between working proficiently, utilizing their
personal time, and assisting lost souls. 1 Thessalonians 1:3 King James Version (KJV) 3
Remembering without ceasing your work of faith, and labour of love, and patience of hope in our
Lord Jesus Christ, in the sight of God and our Father. I interviewed two chaplains, A hospice
3 [ CITATION Bib93 \l 1033 ]
4
chaplain and a VA Chaplain and they both agree that the biggest weakness of being a chaplain is
not finding time for yourself. As a chaplain you are a servant of God, so you are compelled to
serve continually in more compacities other than your job as chaplain. Not everyone understands
what your role as a chaplain means, so there is always the chance that others of the care team
may not value your positions or see the value in it. Which brings to me the opportunities
chaplains have in educating their care team.
Opportunities
I currently work in a healthcare, and I see the opportunities that chaplains have in making
a difference in the lives of the patients we care for daily. Patient are scared and often time
confused about what they are experience. Chaplains are there to minister to the spiritual need of
the patient. The opportunities vary depending on the health care setting where you minister. I
think the biggest opportunity for all chaplains are they bring people to Christ. They get to meet
the need of people that may never step foot in a church. There is also the opportunity for
education from the chaplain to the clinical staff about how they are there to assist in the care of
the patient and their families not to negate the work the clinical team does for the patient. In
Chapter 2 Ferguson-Stuart examines “Discourse of Spiritual Healthcare.” He discusses the
difference between spirituality implicit in healthcare usage and the spirituality accepted in the
traditions which chaplains are drawn. (p.23) He has a threefold aim: to show that a knowledge of
the discourse gives chaplains insight into the culture within which they work; that the
theological resources available to chaplains offer a vantage from which to critique spirituality;
and finally, to suggest this discourse of spirituality also interrogates chaplains. What sort of
theology might be both truthful and audible in the healthcare setting? This is the biggest
opportunity that a chaplain can provide working in healthcare. Jennifer one the chaplains I
4
4 [ CITATION Jon15 \l 1033 ]
5
interviewed said she has the opportunity to create programs with her chief Chaplain that will
benefits clergy and he medical team in dealing with the issues that the veterans they serve deal
with such a program to train clergy in the community how to recognize a person that might be
dealing with suicidal thoughts or those that suffer from post-traumatic stress. She has the
opportunity to build partnerships with the healthcare teams at the hospital and the people in the
community they service.
Threats
There are several areas to consider when we talk about the threats that confront
chaplaincy in a healthcare. Working in some healthcare settings you are hired yes because there
is a need but also their other consideration that go into the hiring of a chaplain. Some hospital
chaplains are hired based on available grant money to pay their salary. So, there is always the
threat of budget cuts or grant money running out. A female chaplain has the added threat of
appearing vulnerable or weaker than the male patient that serve. Especially those that work in a
mental healthcare setting. She also has to always prove that she is good enough to the male’s
colleagues. According to Jennifer working at the VA, the biggest risk she faces is always
physical harm to her person when with the male patients. A lot of the patients are violent, so she
is always careful not to wear anything revealing, provocative. It is also important to get to know
each person individually. Death is hard, and you witness a lot of death not just with the patients
you service but also with your colleagues.
Foremost, majority chaplains operate in a pluralistic setting, especially those attached to a
secular government environment. Countless organizational systems are considered a melting pot
of diverse cultures and or faith groups. The threat of crossing the line of freedom of religious is
something must always keep in mind. There ae also threats from the leaders that may want to
6
question the way you minister and want to tell you how to do your job. The threat of neglecting
your beliefs to serve the way that makes the leader of the institute you work feel comfortable.
Conclusion
This SWOT analysis, provides what I learned over the past 8 weeks about the
requirements of becoming a chaplain. The chaplain role has evolved over the centuries into what
we witness today in the multiple arenas. There are numerous of threats and weaknesses that
chaplains face but none of those out weight the strength and opportunities the work of a chaplain
provides to the communities they serve. Between the lecture videos, the discussion boards posts
and interactions, chaplain interviews, books we read the book reviews, it is evident that the
Chaplaincy is a calling, that those who accept the calling embark on a challenging but rewarding
journey to be a servant of the Lord. In serving he Lord, you will get to serve those who need
God most. This career offers spiritual and personal growth beyond anything you would have
imagined prior to starting this journey. Chaplains offer an atmosphere of peace, calamity, love,
openness and trust when the world seem to be falling around you.
Appendix A
Chaplain Interviews
I interviewed two chaplains for this assignment. Dr. Myranda Flemister, has been a
Chaplain for 4 years and in ministry for the past 14 years. She is currently an Associate Pastor at
Sweet Home Missionary Baptist Church in Hiram, GA. Her educational background is a M’Div
in Pastoral Leadership, and her Doctorate in Christian Educations. She has one CPE (Clinical
7
Pastoral Education) because that is all that was required to work at the Hospital and as a Hospice
Chaplain. She is the champion and facilitator of the women’s ministry at her church. Leader of
the Christian Summer Education Program. The decision to become a chaplain did not come to
her until after her experiences with chaplains after her mother became ill. Her first assignment as
a Chaplain was at Southern Regional Hospital in East Point, Ga. She was assigned to the women
center, where she would support mothers who are having difficult pregnancy and those that have
lost a child. She ministered to battered women and women addicts. It was during this assignment
that she had the opportunity to complete Bereavement Counseling training. Working as a
Chaplain in the hospital sitting has limitations such as you are not allowed to pray “In Jesus
name” which was difficult for her originally as a pastor. She does appreciate that that her first
assignment was at the hospital because she met people of all nationality, ethnicity, economic and
religious background. She is now working as a Hospice Chaplain for a small organization that is
involved in the communities they service. They participate in health fairs, back to school events,
provide shelter and actively involved in getting the word out about sex trafficking. She enjoys
the freedom this position offer. In this position she only reports to the office for staff meetings
and weekly briefing with care teams. She travels about 200 miles a week around the Metro
Atlanta area visiting patients in their personal home, assisting living facilities, personal care and
nursing homes. Hospice chaplain roles have evolved to more than just caring for the patients.
Now chaplains support the family mentally and spiritually as well as the patient. The biggest
challenge she faces is time, setting priorities and self neglect. You are a servant and it is normal
to put others first. In her CPE training, she had to complete a self-reflection paper as well as talk
about reevaluating your life review. This is one of the best skills she learned because she assists
her patients with their life review and self-reflection to help them get in a good place. When you
are sold out to Jesus, you really do not have much of a personal life. It’s God’s work and that is
her reward. Your purpose is to make a difference in the lives of others. Dr. Myranda, teach other
women to be independent and love themselves. She has performed the funeral services of her
patients and have even been requested to facilitate funerals and weddings of prior patient’s
families and friends. The agency she works with allows referrals. At the end of our two-hour
conversation, it was evident that Dr. Myranda loves her career as Chaplain. She is committed to
servicing God in every area of her life. She builds relationship with those she meet and keeps in
touch with the families as long as they need her.
Jennifer Dukes is Staff Chaplain at the VA in Tuskegee, AL. I interviewed her on
Saturday, February 17, 2018 at Eldorado Mexican Restaurant 1658 S. College St. Auburn, AL
36832 @ 8:30pm. Jennifer originally wanted to be a Lawyer, but after applying to multiple Law
Schools and not getting accepted she applied to Seminary. And was accepted into
Interdenominational Theological Center in Atlanta, GA. She is not married and made the
decision not to have children. She is committee to her services to God. Most of her young adult
life she had been told that she had a gift of prayer and love for people survival. After her first
CPE, her chief Chaplain at her post advised her of a residency in Oregon at the VA. She submits
her application and without an interview she was accepted. She packed her bags and moved
across country. Her is glimpse into our conversation.
ME: Why did you enter this chaplaincy discipline?
8
Jennifer: I did not choose this discipline, it chose me. I am blessed that I accepted the call.
Working at the VA has its challenges but it is also rewarding.
ME: How long have you serve as a Chaplain within this Chaplain discipline?
Jennifer: 5 years if you include the one-year residence in Oregon.
ME: What preparation did you receive to qualify for this Chaplaincy discipline?
Jennifer: Once I accepted the calling, I completed my M’Div in Pastoral counseling, 4 units of
CPE, a certification program in Bereavement training, and Suicide Intervention.
ME: What ministry opportunities are available to you?
Jennifer: I work closely with my Chief Chaplain on program development, I created a program
that train clergy how to care for veterans. Facilitator at community church events offering PST –
Problem Solving Therapy, hold seminars with the mental health team in how to efficiently
identify suicidal behaviors. I have performed funerals and weddings. Spoke at graduations
ceremonies.
ME: What are the strength of your ministry compared to other types of ministry?
Jennifer: I have the opportunity to help those services persons that have served to save my, our
freedom. My chief allows me to be creative when implementing new programs and discussion
groups. We get to build partnership and relationships with the mental health and heath care team
that also support our Veterans.
ME: What weaknesses do you perceive in your chaplaincy?
Jennifer: Lack of self-care, being over work. Mentally draining, finding time to self-reflect and
getting too close to those you serve.
ME: What are your greatest challenges serving as a chaplain?
Jennifer: You deal with chronic mental health care issues, patients that do not comply with
healthcare plans. It is hard to convince patients they are worth saving. And as a female, African
American Chaplain, I am always proving that I am just as good as my male counterparts. I deal
with racial discrimination from male and females.
ME: What threat, concerns or challenges do you perceive for evangelical chaplains in your
chaplaincy discipline?
Jennifer: the biggest risk I face is always physical hard to my person when with the male
patients. A lot of the patients are violent, so I am careful not to wear anything revealing,
provocative. I always wear pants and very careful about the clothing I wear daily. It is also
important to get to know each person individually. Death is hard, and you witness a lot of death
not just with the patients you service but also with your colleagues. In the short period that I have
been at this location there have been a double murder, double funeral, a kid murdered both his
parents. A few suicides of the mental health professionals.
9
ME: How has your ministry as a chaplain affected your personal and family life?
Jennifer: Your career is your life, you work long hours. There are moments when you do not get
enough sleep. As a VA Chaplain you are doing the Lords work. Your purpose is to provide
spiritual and emotional support to those you support. When I am not at work, I do community
work speaking at local churches, and women events. I have a monthly talk even called “Sister
Talk”.
My take away from Jennifer is that she enjoys the work she does, even though it is mentally and
physically draining at times. She is looks forward to seeing her patients make improvement in
their lives. She participates in the weekly chapel services with the efforts to bring more people to
Christ. She attends church herself but not as involved in her own congregation as she would like
to be due to the high demand of her work.
Conclusion:
Chaplains have a unique opportunity to serve people of all backgrounds. Many of the
patients that are being served are facing life-altering decisions. Both ladies offer their patients the
ministry of presence. Chaplains share the love of God by ministering to their patients and their
families emotional and spiritual needs. As a Hospice chaplain Dr. Myranda did not have to
complete the required 4 units of Clinical Pastoral educations that was required for Jennifer to
work as a Staff Chaplain with Veteran Administration. There are ethical laws to follow in both
roles. Hospice Chaplains are allowed to pray “In the Name of Jesus” while Jennifer works for the
government and there are rules she have to adhere to when holding a prayer services. Each
Chaplain had to be endorsed by and or ordained. The pattern I see is that as a Chaplain, you deal
with trauma, death and people that are need of hope. In life we all are born, and we will
experience death. As a Chaplain these women offer a personal a chance at salvation. I am not
sure who said, “with great challenging come great rewards” but based on these last 5 weeks of
studying and my conversations with these two women, I am more confident that a career as a
Chaplain in any arena is exhausting and rewarding. They make a difference in the world of
chaos.
10
APPENDIX 2
A Book Review of: Critical Care Delivering Spiritual Care in Healthcare Contexts
By
Jonathan Pye, Peter Sedgwick and Andrew Todd
INTRODUCTION
This book Critical Care Delivering Spiritual Care in Healthcare Contexts, edited by
Jonathan Pye, Peter Sedgwick and Andrew Todd, offers comprehensive and practical meanings
in spiritual and pastoral care in hospital chaplaincy. The book is separated into four sections that
bring research in healthcare and spirituality and practitioners perspectives together by discussing
the critical issues in Chaplaincy work including children in hospice, suffering and assisted
suicide. The contents expand beyond just the healthcare system, the practicality of this book
offers what spirituality can provide in almost any sector of life or organization.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Jonathan Pye is a Methodist Minister, Honorary Research Fellow at the Centre for Ethics
in Medicine and Research Associate in the School of Community Medicine at the University of
Bristol. He is also Tutor on the MTh in Chaplaincy Studies at the University of Cardiff and is an
experienced former hospital chaplain. He is also Healing Advisor to the Cumbria Methodist
District and the Anglican Diocese of Carlisle.
Peter Sedgwick is an Anglican priest, a Life Fellow at the Center for Theological Inquiry
at Princeton University, New Jersey, USA, Honorary Lecturer at the School of History,
Archaeology and Religion at Cardiff University, and was the Principal of St Michael's College,
Llandaff.
11
Andrew Todd is an Anglican priest, a practical theologian and ethnographer and manages
the Cardiff Centre for Chaplaincy Studies where he also directs its research programme. Rev.
Todd has been involved in chaplaincy research in different settings including prisons, the Armed
Forces and healthcare. He is also Senior Associate and former President of the Cambridge
Theological Federation.
SUMMARY
This book provides 16 chapters, divided into 4 parts consisting of the following 4 topics
titled Constructing Spiritual Care, Negotiating Spiritual Care in Public, Researching Spiritual
Care and Critical Issues in Spiritual care. Each chapter has an introduction written by a
healthcare chaplain specializing in that topic. Each part and chapter on topics of current interest
to healthcare chaplains who provide pastoral care in diverse settings, with cases who represent
the full age spectrum (birth to end of life). Let start with Part 1, Constructing Spiritual Care,
Jonathan Pye, introduces the next 4 chapters, asking “why with all the advances in contemporary
medical technically, people often remain so dissatisfied with the treatment they receive from
their doctors and other healthcare professionals in increasingly target-driven and cost orientated
healthcare systems? It is in the next three chapters of this part where we will get into the
specifics of why patient do not feel like individuals with a disease but more so a disease that has
infected another person. Working in healthcare in the finance department, I hear it at least once a
day from patient whom leave the doctor’s office feeling like it was a waste of their money
because the doctor did not stop and listening to their concerns or rushed through the exam. In
Chapter 2 Ferguson-Stuart examines “Discourse of Spiritual Healthcare.” He discusses the
difference between spirituality implicit in healthcare usage and the spirituality accepted in the
12
traditions which chaplains are drawn. (p.23) He has a threefold aim: to show that a knowledge
of the discourse gives chaplains insight into the culture within which they work; that the
theological resources available to chaplains offer a vantage from which to critique
spirituality; and finally, to suggest this discourse of spirituality also interrogates chaplains.
What sort of theology might be both truthful and audible in the healthcare setting? (p. 23).
This statement provides information about what we could expect from the rest of the book. The
art of listening and providing spiritual care as part of a multiple disciplinary care team. In
Chapter 3 Flatt stress the need for chaplains to use evidence base model to the healthcare system
that should include service and partnership with the hospital and community it serves. Chaplains
should always be able to find themselves and know their value to the people they serve. Anne
McCormick in chapter 4 which is titled Biblical Texts, Chaplaincy and Mental Health Service
Users discuss how it is important for chaplains to have the support of their faith communities
(the wider church). There was discuss about the sacred text and how the work chaplains do can
bring enhance quality to spiritual care. (p.63) The rest of the chapters in the book examine or
provide research on healthcare chaplaincy over its development over the past 60 years. Part 2
Negotiating spiritual care in Public is about providing spiritual care to people of all faith and
even those that may have no faith. This part also examines the legality and framework of
providing spiritual care. The last part of this book provides research on critical issues that
healthcare chaplains encounter. It is in this part were the authors and their subject matter experts
discuss assisted suicide, dementia, and what I think is the most difficult providing spiritual care
in a children hospice.
CRITICAL REVIEW
Let me start by saying I would recommend this book to anyone working in healthcare. The
authors provided case studies and practical application to show the importance of chaplains
13
within the healthcare system. Chaplain bridge the gaps in healing the whole person. Chapter 16
“A Hidden Wholeness” by Mark Clayton is one of my favorite, this chapter investigate the
connected themes of wholeness, holiness and healing (p. 249). The setting for this chapter is
“Spiritual Care in a Children’s Hospice.” A child in hospice must be one of most heart-breaking
situations for everyone involved, especially the child’s parents. Over the last 8 weeks of learning
role and responsibility of a chaplain, caring for spiritual needs of those they serve is at the top of
that very long list. Clayton show that the work of a chaplain in this environment bring a different
perspective that is healing of acceptance of what is happening. I appreciate the difference
examples given within this chapter about wholeness and holiness. Chaplains are charged with
thinking beyond the situation, often they are creative and treat each person as individuals. The
objective is through holiness, a person can become whole. “Regardless of how we configure the
eternal, the human heart continues to dream of a state of wholeness, that place where everything
comes together, where loss will be made good. To invoke a blessing is to call some of that
wholeness upon a person now (p.258).
The book will have you second guessing what you thought you knew about the roles and
usefulness of chaplains within a healthcare setting. Julian Raffay (“Researching Spiritual Care in
a Mental Health Context”), Charles Thody (“Assisted Suicide: A Dignified End to Severe and
Enduring Mental Illness”) and Richard Wharton (“Insight into Spiritual Need and Care Arising
Out of the Experience of Those Living with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)”) are the other
chapters in the book that I enjoyed reading. These chaplains provide the readers with research on
how to deliver spiritual care in situations that are volatile. This book show how providing holistic
care as well has medical care is beneficial in treating the whole person. Each chapter of this book
will show in all the models of caring for a patient, having a chaplain as part of your healthcare
14
team is essential for the hospital system, the community and most important the healing of the
patient. What I took away from this book is that healing is not necessary being cured from
disease or sickness, healing is about finding your whole self in accepting what is happening to
you or your family member.
Yes, this book provides a wealth of information but it is not overwhelming because of the way it
is structured. The 16 chapters are separated into 4 parts that include 4 chapters each. Each
chapter starts with an introduction of what to expect and end with a conclusion bring it all
together. It is well diverse and consist of methodologies and healthcare and sacred text.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, this book is now in my office as a reference guide to remind me of the importance
of listening to my patients. The last 8 weeks have provided me the opportunity to explore the role
of chaplaincy in varies settings. This book allowed me to explore a career in healthcare
chaplaincy in more detail. I currently work in healthcare now and I see how the that state of
current healthcare system makes it difficult at time for clinicians to provide the time and
attention to the patients they treat. There is no doubt that I would recommend this book to
healthcare professionals as well as anyone that is thinking about chaplaincy as a career. I have
the electronic and physical copy of this book, just in case someone see it on my desk and ask to
read it. It really should be a requirement for anyone training in healthcare.
Each part contains critical information about providing the best possible holistic treatment to a
person in need.
15
Bibliography
Bible Gateway. 1993. www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Peter+3%3A15&version=KJV
(accessed March 18, 2018).
Jonathan Pye, Peter Sedgwich, and Andrew Todd. Critical Care Delivering Spiritual Care in Healthcare
Context. London: Jessical Kingsley Publishers, 2015.
King, Randall. "Police Chaplains.. On the Line" YouTube. July 8, 2011. www.youtube.com/watch?
time_continue=2&v=KpOefYtJ5t8 (accessed January 25, 2018).
Loma, Linda. "Career Profile_ Chaplain" YouTube. October 18, 2011. https://www.youtube.com/watch?
time_continue=38&v=zrCditxjyTA (accessed January 25, 2018).
McCormick, Naomi K. Paget: Janet R. "The Work of The Chaplain." In The Work of The Chaplain, by
Naomi K. Paget: Janet R. McCormick, 47=54. Valley Forges: Judson Pres, 2006.
Street, 100 Huntley. "Corporate Chaplains: Meagan Kelly YouTube. April 26, 2012.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h94BycI-iUU (accessed January 25, 2018).
—. "Prison Chapliancy" - Shawn Verhey YouTube . January 9, 2012. https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=C8f8XzM2MbM (accessed January 25, 2018).
USA, Athetes in Actions. "Serving as a Chalain at the Olympics" YouTube. October 25, 2012.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=2&v=MxYhjF12sDI (accessed January 25,
2018).
16
