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brainstorming
a freewheeling, face-to-face meeting where team members aren't allowed to criticize but
are encouraged to speak freely, generate as many ideas as possible, and build on the
ideas of others
brainwriting
a variation of brainstorming whereby participants write (rather than speak about) and
share their ideas
Brook's law
the principle that adding more people to a late software project only makes it later
electronic brainstorming
a form of brainstorming that relies on networked computers for submitting and sharing
creative ideas
evaluation apprehension
a decision-making problem that occurs when individuals are reluctant to mention ideas
that seem silly because they believe (often correctly) that other team members are
silently evaluating them
nominal group technique
a variation of brainwriting consisting of three stages in which participants
(1) silently and independently document their ideas,
(2) collectively describe these ideas to the other team members without critique, and
then
(3) silently and independently evaluate the ideas presented
norms
the informal rules and shared expectations that groups establish to regulate the
behavior of their members
process losses
resources (including time and energy) expended toward team development and
maintenance rather than the task
production blocking
a time constraint in team decision making due to the procedural requirement that only
one person may speak at a time
role
a set of behaviors that people are expected to perform because they hold certain
positions in a team and organization
self-directed teams (SDTs)
cross-functional work groups that are organized around work processes, complete an
entire piece of work requiring several interdependent tasks, and have substantial
autonomy over the execution of those tasks
social loafing
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the problem that occurs when people exert less effort (and usually perform at a lower
level) when working in teams than when working alone
task interdependence
the extent to which team members must share materials, information, or expertise in
order to perform their jobs
team building
a process that consists of formal activities intended to improve the development and
functioning of a work team
team cohesion
the degree of attraction people feel toward the team and their motivation to remain
members
team efficacy
the collective belief among team members in the team's capability to successfully
complete a task
teams
groups of two or more people who interact and influence each other, are mutually
accountable for achieving common goals associated with organizational objectives, and
perceive themselves as a social entity within an organization
virtual teams
teams who use members operate across space, time, and organizational boundaries
and are linked through information technologies to achieve organizational tasks
