An individual's emotional and cognitive motivation to achieve work-related
goals is referred to as ______.
employee engagement
cognitive dissonance
behavior modeling
continuance commitment
Hardwired characteristics of the brain that attempt to maintain internal
equilibrium by correcting deficiencies are known as ______, or primary needs.
values
drives
attitudes
needs
True or false: Although everyone has the same drives, people develop
different intensities of needs in a particular situation.
True
False
Which of the following theories proposes that motivation arises from
emotions that are generated certain drives?
Expectancy theory
Four-drive theory
Hierarchy of needs
Learned needs theory
An organization can influence employees' drive to ______ by implementing
team-building programs and providing opportunities for workers to interact
socially.
bond
comprehend
acquire
defend
The emotional involvement in, commitment to, and satisfaction with the
work a person does is called ______.
continuance commitment
self-efficacy
social identity
employee engagement
Which of the following is the most basic need in Maslow's hierarchy?
Esteem
Safety
Physiological
Self-actualization
Belongingness
Primary needs of human beings are also referred to as ______.
attitudes
instincts
drives
values
Employees who carry out a task for the satisfaction of completing it
successfully are demonstrating ______.
extrinsic motivation
not having a need for motivation
intrinsic motivation
a lack of motivation
Which of the following BEST describes the role of social norms, self-concept,
and past experience on needs?
Because needs are innate, they have no impact.
They enable us to have a constant level of drive-based emotions.
They have minimal influence on goal-directed behavior.
They regulate a person's motivated decisions and behavior.
According to the four-drive theory, Unavailable are the source of human emotions
motivation.
Professional development programs and educational courses would influence
employees' drive to ______.
defend
inquire
bond
comprehend
Which theory of motivation asserts that the strongest source of motivation is
the lowest unsatisfied need at the time?
Expectancy theory
Learned needs theory
Maslow's needs hierarchy
Four-drive theory
Employees who carry out a task because of a pay incentive provided by their
company are demonstrating extrinsic motivation.
In his learned needs theory, McClelland proposed that a person's needs can
be strengthened through reinforcement, social conditions, and ______.
learning
self-actualization
self-reinforcement
independence
True or false: Although everyone has the same drives, people develop
different intensities of needs in a particular situation.
True
False
Which motivation theory proposes that work effort is directed toward
behaviors that people believe will lead to desired outcomes?
Social cognitive theory
Four-drive theory
Learned needs theory
Expectancy theory
Which of the following theories proposes that motivation arises from
emotions that are generated certain drives?
Hierarchy of needs
Learned needs theory
Expectancy theory
Four-drive theory
Which strategies would be advisable if an organization wanted to increase an
employee's belief that he or she is capable of performing the job
successfully?
Measuring job performance accurately
Giving the employee sufficient resources to do the job
Providing training and clarifying job requirements
Distributing rewards that the employee values
Beatrice, a sales manager at Nelson Electronics, put in place a generous
commission plan for her sales staff: the more they sell, the more they earn.
This commission plan is designed to fulfill her salespeople's drive to ______.
bond
comprehend
defend
acquire
The theory of motivation that explains employee behavior in terms of
antecedent conditions and consequences of behavior is known as ______.
the balanced scorecard approach
social cognitive theory
organizational behavior modification
four-drive theory
McClelland suggested that individuals are influenced by three "learned" needs:
achievement, power, and affiliation.
According to expectancy theory, an individual's effort level depends on three
factors: effort-to-performance expectancy, performance-to-outcome
expectancy, and ______.
extinction
positive reinforcement
self-actualization
outcome valences
When she was late for the second day in a row, Tiana received a written
warning from her boss, stating that her pay would be docked if she was late
again. This warning is an example of a(n) ______.
drive
antecedent
consequence
reinforcer
Which of the following outcomes would be expected if an organization
implemented an ongoing skills-based training program for assembly line
workers in which the workers' learning efforts resulted in recognition of
increased abilities?
Increased effort-to-performance expectancies
Decreased effort-to-outcome expectancies
Increased performance-to-outcome expectancies
Improved expected satisfaction
An organization can influence employees' drive to ______ by implementing
team-building programs and providing opportunities for workers to interact
socially.
Multiple choice question.
comprehend
acquire
defend
bond
A sales rep receives an unexpected bonus check when he exceeds his sales
quota for the quarter. According to the A-B-C model, what type of
consequence is this?
Multiple choice question.
Negative reinforcement
Positive reinforcement
Extinction
Punishment
"Consequences influence behavior" best describes which theory of
motivation?
Expectancy theory
Organizational behavior modification
Learned needs theory
Maslow's needs hierarchy theory
In most situations of organizational behavior modification, desired behaviors
should be followed by ______, and undesirable behaviors should be followed
by ______.
positive reinforcement; extinction
negative reinforcement, extinction
negative reinforcement, punishment
positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement
Three important components of social cognitive theory include: learning
behavioral consequences, behavior modeling, and ______.
outcome valences
self-regulation
positive reinforcement
goal setting
According to the A-B-Cs of Organizational Behavior Modification, events
preceding the behavior are known as ______.
outcomes
inputs
antecedents
reinforcers
A coworker had a heart attack, and Alex has become more serious about
keeping up with his exercise regimen. This is an example of which
component of social cognitive theory?
Negative reinforcement
Learning behavioral outcomes
Life expectancy
Self-regulation
Your boss calls you into her office to chastise you for taking longer breaks
than allowed. This is an example of ______.
positive reinforcement
punishment
extinction
negative reinforcement
In general, which contingency of reinforcement tends to improve
organizational success and individual well-being in the workplace?
Extinction
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Punishment
Which motivation theory explains how learning and motivation occur by
observing and modeling others, as well as by anticipating the consequences
of our behavior?
Learned needs theory
Organizational behavior modification
Social cognitive theory
Expectancy theory
Which of the following is the BEST example of an effective goal?
Increase sales by 5% during the next quarter
Reduce employee turnover
Cut inventory costs by the end of the year
Improve customer satisfaction ratings
When John learned that his cousin had been diagnosed with lung cancer, he
decided to try and quit smoking. This is an example of which component of
social cognitive theory?
Self-expression
Learning behavioral outcomes
Self-reinforcement
Self-regulation
Which of the following statements regarding effective feedback is true?
It should refer to specific metrics that are under an individual's control.
Providing frequent feedback reduces its overall value and impact on
performance.
The timing of feedback is irrelevant as long as the feedback is positive.
Feedback is more effective when it is generic and applicable to all
employees.
To encourage Makayla to help around the house, her mother paid her $3
each time she vacuumed the carpet. However, after a few months, her
mother stopped paying her, and Makayla stopped vacuuming. This is an
example of ______.
extinction
dismissal
positive reinforcement
punishment
Michael received an anonymous online feedback form that asked him to rate
a coworker's workplace competencies on a scale of 1 to 5 and then asked for
written comments. It would appear that Michael's employer is using ______.
self-reinforcement
multisource (360-degree) feedback
appreciative coaching
positive reinforcement
The process of motivating employees and clarifying their role perceptions by
establishing performance objectives is referred to as ______.
Behavior modeling
goal setting
self-reinforcement
behavior modification
A coworker had a heart attack, and Alex has become more serious about
keeping up with his exercise regimen. This is an example of which
component of social cognitive theory?
Self-regulation
Negative reinforcement
Learning behavioral outcomes
Life expectancy
The perception that appropriate decision criteria have been applied to calculate how
various benefits and burdens are allocated is known as distributive justice .
True or false: Feedback should occur more frequently in jobs with a long cycle
time than jobs with a short cycle time.
True false question.
True
False
The night before a big test, you set your alarm 15 minutes earlier to avoid
being late for class. Wanting to avoid the consequences of being late is an
example of ______.
Multiple choice question.
continuous reinforcement
negative reinforcement
extinction
punishment
As part of its performance review process, Altrera Corporation solicits
confidential feedback from the employee's managers, peers, and direct
reports. This process is known as ______.
multisource (360-degree) feedback
a balanced scorecard approach
procedural justice
strengths-based coaching
The outcome/input ratio is an element of which motivation theory?
Four-Drive Theory
Expectancy Theory
Learned Needs Theory
Equity Theory
The "value-expressive" function of voice states that ______.
employees are less inclined to speak up about issues of distributive
justice than procedural justice
employees react favorably to having an opportunity to express their
views on an issue
employees value rewards more if they are linked to positive job
performance
receiving feedback from multiple people is more valuable than feedback
from a single person
Nathan was unhappy with the amount of his raise. He let his boss know
about this, and the boss set up a meeting with Nathan. After the meeting,
Nathan was convinced that his boss demonstrated neutrality and the manner
in which the company determined the size of raises was fair. This is an
example of _____.
negative reinforcement
procedural justice
multisource feedback
equity principle
The motivation theory that explains how people develop perceptions of
fairness in the distribution and exchange of resources is known as ______
theory.
learned needs
goal setting
equity
expectancy
In which of the following cases, procedural justice tend to be higher? (Check
all that apply.)
When the decision maker applies existing policies consistently to
everyone and over time
When the decision maker is perceived as unbiased
When the decision criteria and decision procedures are compatible with
ethical principles
When the decision maker treats people with politeness and respect
The perception that appropriate procedural rules have been applied throughout the
decision process is referred to as procedural justice .
Our perception that appropriate rules in the way employees are treated have
been applied throughout a decision process is called ______ justice.
interactional
distributive
procedural
