BIBL105: Old Testament Survey
7 1 & 2 SAMUEL
THE UNITED KINGDOM:
-The Main Characters of the United Kingdom
oSAMUEL as Judge/Prophet (1 Samuel 1-7)
oSAUL (1 Samuel 8-15)
oDAVID (1 Samuel 16- 2 Samuel 24)
oSOLOMON (1 Kings 1-11)
SAMUEL
-HANNAH prays to God and God answers her prayers
-Raised by ELI in the temple (1 Sam 1:26)
-GOD appears to Samuel in a dream
-The Philistines capture the ARK of the Covenant
oEvery morning, Dagon is FALLEN over face first in front of the Ark
oPhilistines send it back to Israel
SAUL
-Background:
oIsrael demands Samuel give them a KING
oIsrael wants a king “like the NATIONS”
oRules for Israelite Kingship (Deuteronomy 17)
Must be an ISRAELITE (tribe of Judah)
Should not accumulate a large ARMY (trust God)
BIBL105: Old Testament Survey
Should not have many WIVES (no political marriages)
Should not accumulate massive WEALTH by taxing the people
Should write out his own copy of the LAW to keep him faithful
-Saul chosen as first king
oTALL and HANDSOME man from tribe of Benjamin
-Defeats some of the Israelites’ enemies and establishes a strong kingdom
-BUT.. Begins to become PRIDEFUL and disobeys God
-Saul’s Downfall: Saul disobeys God’s orders
o1 Samuel 15:22-23—God REJECTED Saul from being king
DAVID
-Samuel secretly anoints David (1 Samuel 16)
o“Man looks at the OUTWARD appearance but the Lord looks at the HEART”
-David & Goliath (1 Sam 16)
oDavid’s reason for fighting Goliath: he was DEFYING God.
-David & Goliath: 2 Reminders
oShows the nations that Israel’s God is the TRUE and ALMIGHTY God. He is
stronger than the Philistines’ “gods”.
oReminds Israel to trust GOD more than their physical power and military prowess
(why they had picked Saul to be king)
-Saul’s jealousy: Saul becomes so jealous of David’s fame, he tries to KILL him. David
flees.
-David and Jonathan
BIBL105: Old Testament Survey
oBeautiful example of biblical, COVENANTAL, committed friendship
oEach love the other “as his own soul”
-David on the run
oDavid receives help from the PRIESTS of Nob, who Saul then executes for
treason.
oSamuel passed away, so David hides in the wilderness
oDavid gathers together a group of soldiers that are loyal to him (MIGHTY MEN)
and continues to fight for Israel even though he is on the run
oDavid REFUSES to kill Saul and take the throne, trusting God’s timeline (twice!)
-Witch at Endor: Saul is desperate and has had no relationship with God for years at this
point so he goes to a WITCH to try to talk to Samuel.
oThe witch is a fake and is terrified when God actually allows Samuel to speak to
Saul
oSamuel tells Saul that he is going to DIE in the battle the next day.
oSaul dies at the battle at Gilboa
-Reign of David: king for 40 years
-The Davidic Covenant (2 Sam 7)
oDavid’s son (Solomon) will become king after him, forming a DYNASTY unlike
Saul.
oThis son will build a TEMPLE for God.
oDavid’s line will be an ETERNAL line
-Under the Davidic Covenant, God establishes David’s line to reign.
BIBL105: Old Testament Survey
oIf the Davidic king turned away from God, He would TEMPORARILY take away
their nation and kingship
oGod continued the line of David even amidst disobedience and oppression.
JESUS, the ultimate and ETERNAL KING + the SON of God, is a direct
descendant of David.
-David’s Sin with Bathsheba (1 Sam 11)
oWhile Israel is at war with the Ammonites, David remains behind
oHe notices BATHSHEBA and commits adultery
oTo cover up her pregnancy, he arranges for the murder of URIAH (Bathsheba’s
husband)
oAfter Uriah’s death, David marries Bathsheba
oDavid is confronted by NATHAN the prophet of his sin
-Consequences of David’s sin:
o4 Prophetic Woes:
o1. “SWORD shall never depart”
o2. “EVIL will rise from within”
o3. “Your wives will be taken”
o4. “Enemies will blaspheme”
oDavid’s kingship will always have problems.
-ABSALOM leads a rebellion
DAVID VS. SAUL
-Both men sinned and had their issues throughout their reigns
BIBL105: Old Testament Survey
-Saul never showed true REPENTENCE ; David is called “a man after God’s OWN
HEART” because when confronted with his sin, David repented & turned back to God
SOLOMON:
-Solomon’s request: WISDOM
-Solomon builds the TEMPLE
-Solomon dedicates the temple
oThe GLORY of the Lord thickly fills the temple when it is dedicated and the ark
of the covenant is brought in
oSolomon prays over the people– he appeals to God’s LOYAL LOVE and
FAITHFULNESS when the people disobey (“hear in heaven your dwelling place
and forgive the sin of your servants” repeated 5x in 1 Kings 8)
oAfter the feast and sacrifices, “[Solomon] sent the people away, and they blessed
the king and went to their homes joyful and glad of heart for all the GOODNESS
that the LORD had shown to David his servant and Israel his people.”
-Solomon is not only wise, but has great WEALTH and POWER
-Solomon’s DOWNFALL according to Deut 17
oDon’t accumulate a large army : Solomon trusted in his large ARMY and his
political ALLIANCES
oDon’t have many wives : Solomon had 700 wives and 300 concubines
oDon’t accumulate massive wealthy by taxing the people : Solomon became one of
the RICHEST men in history through taxing the kingdom
BIBL105: Old Testament Survey
WRAP UP:
-Even the greatest of leaders will have SIN in their lives
-A failure to deal with sin will lead to PUNISHMENT from God
-BUT God is FORGIVING and will forgive our sin when we show true REPENTANCE
-God established the DAVIDIC LINE in order to move forward his redemptive plan of
salvation that starts in Genesis 3!
THE UNITED KINGDOM AND JESUS
-Jesus as the ultimate WISE one
-Jesus as the direct DESCENDANT of David who is the ultimate, final, and eternal
Davidic King! (cf. Matthew 1)
-Jesus is through whom now believers have become the TEMPLE – the dwelling place of
God
