Defining Domestic Violence Reasons – Family Law
LAW 612 - Family Law
Arizona State University
September 7, 2025
Introduction
The social phenomenon of domestic violence has given rise to scholarly
debates concerning its main causes and consequently, the methods for
handling the issue. The measures offered for solving the problem depend
upon the definition of the primary reasonsthe for abusing a spouse or a
child which range from biological and socian ological to cultural aspects of
batterers’ behavior.
Definition of domestic violence
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
The concept of domestic violence is rather broad and includes the cases of
emotional, psychological, physical, sexual or economical abuse of an
intimate partner or a former partner as well as misbehavior of parents or
children. The Oregon Domestic Violence Council, for example, defined
family violence as “a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to
control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship…
Tactics of coercion, terrorism, degradation, exploitation, and violence are
used to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance”
(McCue, 2008, p. 3). The problem of domestic assault is complicated with
the cultural and social context which makes the oppression of particular
groups possible.
Women become the victims of the family violence in the majority of cases
and lacking knowledge concerning their rights and freedoms do not
register the incidents and even stay in the abusive environment. It is
possible that the assault occurs in one of its forms or as a combination of
forms, but the psychological aspect is present in the majority of incidents.
Along with the diversified forms and tactics of family abuse, there are a
number of approaches to explaining the roots of assaultive behavior, and
biological, psychoanalytical and cross-cultural perspectives on the problem
are among them.
The biological perspective
The biological approach to defining the reasons of battering the intimate
partner focuses mainly on the peculiarities of the makeup of the batterers’
brains. Previously the exponents of biological approach emphasized the
importance of genetics and hereditary factors. This explanation has been
criticized for justification of the assaultive behavior and shifting the
responsibility from the batterers who appear to be victims themselves in
this context.
At present, the biological theoreticians point at the higher percentage of
brain traumas in batterers than those who do not practice the abusive
behavior. According to the biological approach, the childhood trauma
causes the physiological changes in brains which in their turn can result in
occurrence of domestic violence in adulthood. This hypothesis requires
further research for gathering more empirical data and supporting it.
The psychodynamic perspective
The contemporary psychodynamic theories are based on Freud’s
psychoanalytic approach to defining the elements of human
consciousness, explaining the roots of the assaultive behavior with the
conflict between the conscious and subconscious parts of the batterer’s
mind. The psychodynamic approach to coping with the posttraumatic
stress is focused not on the struggle between the parts of the victim’s mind
but on individual’s objective representation of the relationship with the
partner.
The important aspect of psychodynamic theories is person’s experience of
early relationship which has a significant impact on the development of
further relationships with other partners. Thus, in case an individual has
experienced partner’s abuses in early relationship, he/she might regard
this behavioral pattern as normal and desirable in future.
The behavioral perspective
The proponents of behavioral perspective on the causes of the occurrence
of domestic violence focus on family as the main source of behavioral
models. Rapp-Paglicci, Roberts, and Wodarski (2002) noted that “people
learn to be violent when they grow up in violent homes and environments”
(p. 74). Thus, according to the behavioral theories, a child who witnesses
the incidents of domestic violence in his/her family or is battered
himself/herself has higher chances for becoming a family batterer in
future.
Getting accustomed to moral justification of domestic violence with
inability to cope with tension and frustration, people can regard violence
as an effective means for handling disputes. It is significant that the
behavioral perspective sheds light upon the importance of the
environment and the contextual factors which have a significant impact on
the occurrence of domestic violence.
Summary
It is important to raise public awareness of the necessity of violence ending
and the risks of the emotional or even physical death of a victim which can
become the result of the prolonged or incidental battering behavioral
pattern of a partner.
Shedding light upon the problem of domestic violence and representing its
various aspects in the mass media can be helpful for preventing the
formation of stereotypes in potential victims and decreasing risks of
creating the endless circles of family assault.
Registering the cases of domestic violence is important not only for
protecting victims’ basic rights but also for collecting more observational
data, developing new theories of the origin of the problem and the most
effective way for solving it and supporting the victims who experience the
traumatic stress.
Conclusion
The biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral approaches to defining the
reasons for the occurrence of domestic violence emphasize various aspects
which have an impact on behavioral patterns of domestic batterers and
require further research.
Reference List
McCue, M. (2008). Domestic violence: A reference handbook. Santa
Barbara, CA: ABC CLIO.
Rapp-Paglicci, L., Roberts, A., & Wodarski, J. (2002). Handbook of violence.
New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
