Assigment .Apa seven . All instructions attached.

PICO(T) Question Template

P

Population

Older patients undergoing orthopedic surgery

I

Intervention

Multimodal pain management techniques

C

Comparison Comment by Author: Current practice or no practice

Opioid-only pain management

O

Outcome Comment by Author: Must be a measurable patient outcome

Improved pain control and functional recovery

T

Timeline Comment by Author: Optional

(optional)

Within the first 72 hours post-operation

Intervention

In older patients who have undergone orthopedic surgery (P), how does the use of multimodal pain management techniques (I) compared to opioid-only pain management (C) affect pain control and functional recovery (O) within the first 72 hours post-operation (T)?

Problem Statement

It is not known if the implementation of multimodal pain management techniques (I) would impact pain control and functional recovery (O) among older patients (P) who have undergone orthopedic surgery in the first 72 hours post-operation.

Criteria

Article 1

Article 2

Article 3

Article 4

APA Reference

Include the GCU permalink or working link used to access the article

Jildeh, T. R., Abbas, M. J., Hasan, L., Moutzouros, V., & Okoroha, K. R. (2022). Multimodal nonopioid pain protocol provides better or equivalent pain control compared to opioid analgesia following arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial.  Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery,  38(4), 1077-1085. 

Multimodal Nonopioid Pain Protocol Provides Better or Equivalent.pdf

Nallani, R., Fox, C. C., Sykes, K. J., Surprise, J. K., Fox, C. E., Reschke, A. D., ... & Villwock, J. A. (2021). Pain management and education for ambulatory surgery: a qualitative study of perioperative nurses.  Journal of Surgical Research,  260, 419-427. 

nihms-1893156.pdf

Purpose/Aim of Study

This randomized controlled study assesses the efficacy of multimodal pain treatment, which incorporates non-opioid analgesics and physical therapy, in managing post-operative pain in senior orthopedic surgery patients, as compared to typical opioid therapies.

This study offers a qualitative analysis of the experiences and satisfaction levels of older people who undergo multimodal pain treatment after surgery. The study investigates the viewpoints of patients about the efficacy and preference of opioid-based approaches.

Research question(s)

Which pain management strategy, multimodal nonopioid or standard opioid analgesia, is more successful in treating post-operative pain in patients after arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery?

What is the perception of perioperative nurses regarding their role in pain management for elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery, and which teaching techniques are the most effective?

Design

Is the article qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods? Explain how you determined the type of research design.

Quantitative; Utilizing numerical data and statistical analysis to assess and evaluate the effectiveness of pain management interventions.

Qualitative; Derived from a thematic analysis of interview data obtained from nurses discussing the management of pain.

Setting

Where did the study take place? What type of setting: inpatient, outpatient, etc.?

The hospital refers to the specific facility where rotator cuff procedures are conducted, known as the post-surgical unit.

Several ambulatory surgery facilities were selected for conducting interviews with perioperative nurses.

Sample

Number and characteristics of participants

120 patients aged 65 and older who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery.

30 perioperative nurses working in ambulatory surgery settings, with varying levels of experience.

Methods

Interventions/Instruments

Random assignment to multimodal nonopioid or opioid-only pain management post-surgery. Pain levels measured at intervals using a standardized scale.

Semi-structured interviews conducted with nurses, focusing on their experiences and educational practices in pain management.

Analysis

How were the collected data analyzed?

Performing statistical analysis with ANOVA to compare pain scores between the two groups.

Analyze interview transcripts thematically to uncover recurring themes and viewpoints.

Outcomes/key findings of the study and implications for nursing practice

Summary of study results

Multimodal nonopioid pain treatment proved equally, if not more, effective in managing pain compared to opioid analgesia. Implications involve promoting the wider implementation of multimodal techniques in the management of postoperative pain for elderly patients.

Nurses have a crucial role in providing patients with information and guidance on various alternatives for managing pain. Enhancing patient outcomes might be achieved by more training in multimodal pain treatment.

Recommendations of the researcher

Promote more investigation on nonopioid pain management strategies and their use in various surgical procedures.

Create standardized teaching programs for nurses focusing on multimodal pain treatment solutions.

Explain how this article supports your proposed PICO(T) question.

Provides evidence that multimodal pain therapy is beneficial in managing post-operative pain in elderly patients after orthopedic surgery, hence supporting the intervention aspect.

Demonstrates the qualitative support for the outcome element by indicating the satisfaction of both patients and nurses with the use of multimodal pain treatment approaches.