Question 1
1 out of 1 points
A nurse is a member of a research team that is exploring unique
differences in responses to drugs that each individual possesses, based on
genetic make-up. This area of study is called
Response
Feedback
:
Pharmacogenomics is the area of study that explores the unique
individual patient responses to drugs based on the mapping of
the human genome. This mapping introduces the possibility of
personally designed medical care and drug regimens based on a
person's unique genetic make-up. Pharmacotherapeutics is the
branch of pharmacology that deals with uses of drugs to treat,
prevent, and diagnose disease. Pharmacodynamics involves how
a drug affects the body, and pharmacoeconomics includes any
costs involved in drug therapy.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following serves to protect the public by ensuring the purity
of a drug and its contents?
Response
Feedback
:
Federal legislation serves to protect the public from drugs that
are impure, toxic, ineffective, or improperly tested prior to
marketing. The primary purpose of federal legislation is to
ensure safety. The United States Adopted Names Council was
established to ensure uniform drug nomenclature. The official
name of each drug is published in the United States
Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary. The American
Pharmaceutical Association does not ensure the safety and
purity of drug content but is a professional organization for
pharmacists.
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
What critical piece of information is missing from the following medication
order: Amoxicillin 250 mg every 8 hours?
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Drugs have a valid medical use but a high potential for abuse, both
psychological and physiologic. In an emergency, a Schedule 2 drug may
be prescribed by telephone if a written prescription cannot be provided at
the time. However, a written prescription must be provided within 72
hours with the words authorization for emergency dispensing written on
the prescription. These prescriptions cannot be refilled. A new prescription
must be written each time. Examples include certain amphetamines and
barbiturates. This is scheduled drug
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
A nurse is caring for a 46-year-old patient of Chinese origin who has
bipolar disorder. The physician has prescribed lithium carbonate (Eskalith)
to treat the disorder. The nurse is aware that the lithium dose will likely be
given in a
Response
Feedback
:
The patient would likely be prescribed a lower-than-normal dose
of lithium to treat the disorder since he is an American. Chinese
Americans require lower levels of lithium to achieve a
therapeutic response. Different drugs can be metabolized only
by specific liver enzymes, and receptors are custom-designed to
accept only certain drug configurations. As with enzymes, the
number and type of receptors are influenced by genetics.
Chinese Americans, and other Chinese people, appear to have a
greater number of lithium-activated receptors than other
groups.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
A nurse is admitting a Mexican woman to the hospital who cannot speak
or understand English. The patient is alone, and there is no interpreter
available. When trying to communicate with the patient the nurse will
Response
Feedback
:
If an interpreter or translator is not available, the nurse should
look at the patient, speak slowly, and use nonverbal
communication to help the patient understand the message.
Speaking loudly and using exaggerated mouth movements only
serve to intimidate or belittle the patient and should not be
done.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
A nurse is providing a patient with a list of drugs as a part of the patient's
plan of care. Which of the following drug nomenclatures should the nurse
use to list the drugs?
Response
Feedback
:
The nurse should ideally use the generic names of the drugs in
care plans. The generic name is also known as its
nonproprietary name. Usually, a drug is ordered by the generic
name because numerous trade names may exist for the same
drug. It is difficult to remember a drug by its chemical name,
because it is usually long and complex. Therefore, drugs are
generally not known by their chemical names. Drugs do not
have biologic names.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Drugs have a high potential for abuse. There is no routine therapeutic use
for these drugs and they are not available for regular use. They may be
obtained for “investigational use only” by applying to the U.S. Drug
Enforcement Agency. Examples include heroin and LSD. Which scheduled
drug is this?
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
These drugs have a potential for abuse, but the potential is lower than for
drugs on Schedule 2. These drugs contain a combination of controlled and
noncontrolled substances. Use of these drugs can cause a moderate to
low physiologic dependence and a higher psychological dependence. A
verbal order can be given to the pharmacy and the prescription can be
refilled up to five times within 6 months. Examples include certain
narcotics (codeine) and nonbarbiturate sedatives. This is scheduled drug
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
A patient has taken an overdose of a vitamin/mineral supplement
containing magnesium. The nurse will be sure to assess
Response
Feedback: An increase of magnesium could cause hypotension; therefore,
the nurse should assess the patient's blood pressure. Body
temperature, skin changes, and fluid intake are not critically
associated with an overdose of magnesium.
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
A patient has been prescribed a drug that can be self-administered at
home. Which of the following would be the most important information for
the nurse to relate to the patient concerning self-administration of a drug?
Response
Feedback
:
The patient must be knowledgeable about all aspects of the
drug regimen so it can be self-administered safely and
effectively. All of the responses are important, but the patient
must be able to tell if the drug is producing an effective
response and must also know the adverse effects to report.
Knowing where to purchase the medication and how much it
costs is good information, but it is not the most important
information for self-administration. Knowing the
pharmacokinetics does not concern most patients.
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
A nurse works in a private hospital and needs to administer some narcotic
drugs to one of her patients. Which of the following should the nurse
consider when administering narcotics to patients in a hospital setting?
Response
Feedback: A nurse can administer narcotics in the hospital after ensuring
that narcotics are dispensed only with a written prescription.
JCAHO sets the standards for quality of patient care and
accreditation of health care institutions, not for using narcotics.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
A patient will begin three new medications as part of her treatment plan.
The nurse practitioner understands that proper disposal of medications is
key when the nurse practitioner states
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
A nurse practitioner understands when prescribing a medication that there
are certain questions to address. Check all that apply.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following patients should be advised by the nurse to avoid
over-the-counter cold and allergy preparations that contain
phenylephrine?
Response
Feedback
:
Phenylephrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic agonist and a drug
commonly used topically for relief of nasal and nasopharyngeal
mucosal congestion and to produce mydriasis for
ophthalmologic procedures. Phenylephrine acts as a vasopressor
causing vasoconstriction of the arterioles. The vasoconstriction
from phenylephrine use can increase peripheral resistance and
blood pressure. People with hypertension should not take over-
the-counter cold and allergy preparations containing
phenylephrine because it can further increase their already
elevated blood pressure. Patients with diabetes and gout have
not been identified as being at risk for adverse reactions from
the use of phenylephrine. A patient with an upper respiratory
infection may actually benefit from use of the drug.
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
A nurse working for a drug company is involved in phase III drug
evaluation studies. Which of the following might the nurse be responsible
for during this stage of drug development?
Response
Feedback
:
Phase III studies involve administering investigational drugs to
patients in a vast clinical market who are voluntarily enrolled in
double-blind studies. In phase I studies, a small number of
healthy human volunteers are given the drug after blood urine
and other appropriate samples are taken to monitor drug
metabolism. Sometimes volunteers who have a certain disease
are used in phase I instead of healthy volunteers if the drug is
expected to have significant toxicity. In phase II, volunteers are
given various dosages of the test compound and studied in
great detail. Dosage guidelines are usually determined in this
phase. Nurses are more likely to be responsible for
administering the investigational drugs in phase III than in
phases I and II. Use of animal testing is done in the preclinical
trials and would not involve a nurse.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
A patient has been prescribed a Scheduled 5 drug, an example of this
drug is
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
The nurse practitioner orders Amoxicillin 250 mg/5 ml tid for 10 days? The
nurse practitioner would expect the pharmacist to fill the prescription
bottle with how many ml?
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
A nurse is providing care for a 71-year-old woman who was sponsored to
emigrate from Mexico to the United States 6 months ago. Earlier this
week, the woman slipped while getting off a bus and fractured her hip.
How should the woman's nurse best exemplify cultural competence in the
care of this patient?
Response
Feedback
:
Cultural competence requires maintaining awareness of one's
own values and beliefs without letting them have undue
influence on those of other backgrounds, demonstrating
knowledge and understanding of another's culture, accepting
and respecting cultural differences, and considering a patient's
culture carefully. This does not mean that only Spanish-speaking
staff members should provide care, that the nurse must teach
the patient about American culture or that the nurse should
address the children before the patient.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Federal legislation dictates a lengthy and rigorous process of testing for
new drugs. What is the primary purpose of this testing process?
Response
Feedback
:
Federal legislation protects the public from drugs that are
impure, toxic, ineffective, or not tested before marketing. The
primary purpose of federal legislation is to ensure safety. This
consideration supersedes issues of legal liability, treatment
options, and efficiency of health care delivery.
Question 21
1 out of 1 points
A nurse receives an order to administer a critically ill patient two drugs
immediately (stat). The nurse begins the process by
Response
Feedback
:
A nurse should always make sure that two or more drugs can be
given at the same time before the administration process is
begun. Incompatibility can affect absorption and distribution.
Once the nurse is certain that the drugs are compatible, he or
she should perform handwashing and prepare the medications
for administration. The nurse should also identify the patient
appropriately and ask about drug allergies prior to administering
the medication.
Question 22
1 out of 1 points
A nurse at a large, university hospital has been informed that a drug trial
will be taking place that may involve several patients in the hospital over
the next several months. What is the nurse's most likely role in this drug
testing process?
Response
Feedback
:
Nurses are generally most involved in phase III of clinical trials
and may be responsible for administering investigational drugs
to patients. The final determination of the efficacy and safety of
the drug is beyond the scope of nurses. Nurses do not normally
consult on the choice of testing methodology.
Question 23
1 out of 1 points
A patient comes to primary clinic for strep throat. A throat swab culture is
sent to lab. What information is required for the nurse practitioner to
disclose on lab transmittal?
Question 24
1 out of 1 points
A 46-year-old white American has been prescribed a drug that binds to
acid glycoproteins. The nurse understands that white Americans usually
receive
Response
Feedback
:
White Americans have been found to have more acid
glycoproteins than other ethnic groups. Therefore, when they
take drugs that bind to these proteins, they have lower amounts
of free or active drug than when the same dose is given to
someone of another ethnic group. Since the patient is a white
American, he has been prescribed a higher-than-normal dose of
the drug that binds to the acid glycoprotein.
Question 25
1 out of 1 points
A Native American man who lives a traditional lifestyle is scheduled to
have heart surgery. The tribal chief has requested that the tribe's
medicine man perform a ritual before the patient goes to surgery. The
nurse's response to this request should be
Response
Feedback
:
If possible, every effort should be made to accommodate the
patient's traditional practices. As long as the rituals or
ceremonies do not interfere with treatment or care, they should
be allowed. The nurse does not have to notify the physician if
the patient's care is uninterrupted. A nurse should never be
judgmental or make light of cultural practices.
