The two factors that I would consider when evaluating an argument would be clarity
and credibility. If you do not have clarity as to what the argument is regarding then
it makes it difficult to understand exactly what the issue is and whether or not I
should agree, disagree or be neutral on the subject. The other factor being
credibility, this is important to take into consideration as you evaluate an argument
so as not to take someone's opinion as factual information. We also want to make
sure that the person has provided evidence to back up their argument.In deductive
arguments one takes the evidence given and makes assumptions with the evidence
provided to make a conclusion. However, in an inductive argument the information
is taken and it looks for the stronger and consistent evidence before making a
conclusion.Reflecting on this weeks lesson regarding deductive and inductive
arguments was interesting to me because we use these methods everyday, however
we should not be so quick to come to conclusions without really looking into the
evidence available before making a conclusion. Two factors that we should consider
when evaluating an argument would be credibility and relevance. Is the presenter
only bringing facts to the argument that have something to do with the issue at
hand or are they bringing in extra stuff that really is not pertinent to this topic to
maybe cloud your judgement or sway you into another topic all together? Is the
presenter a credible and reliable source? What is his or her background? Is their
stance on the topic at hand based on facts or opinions? All of this matters when
attempting to make an intelligent decision on a specific topic.
Inductive arguments only present some of the information, just enough to make you
believe that there is no way the other argument could possibly be true. Deductive
arguments would be presenting enough logical information to make a more sound
judgement, for instance A is greater than B and B is greater than C, therefore A
must be greater than C.
I actually really enjoyed the pro and con articles this week. I enjoyed the topic at
hand because it really is a real world issue, always has been and I believe it always
will be. It can be hard to remember anything when I am in the middle of an
argument but it would be very helpful to keep my surrounding as well as the other
person's feelings in mind. I have learned this week that you must keep the other's
persons point of view in mind in order to successfully get your point across. When
evaluating an argument there are two factors that come into the equation and those
are "clarity and credibility." As a person is evaluating an argument one of the most
important aspects to be sure they understand the argument in its entirety. We should
all ask for clarification so that we can better support the argument. If you don't
fully understand an argument then you aren't truly evaluating the argument. Which is
also why the other factor of evaluating an argument comes in - credibility. In order
to truly evaluate any argument you have to consider the source and information. Is
it from a reliable and creditable source? If you don't examine the credibility or gain
clarity a person won't be able to support the argument. For me personally I have to
work on "assuming" too much or not digging deeper to find the credibility. This
chapter has helped me to take my time to evaluate the argument and it's entirety
before I start to speak on it.
From the reading in Chapter 7 & 8 I understand the difference between deductive
and inductive arguments is that inductive arguments are as solid or strong and could
come from a probability and not a definite. Deductive arguments can be fact or
fiction.
After completing this weeks' assignments and recapping what I learned the realization
of what I stated in the first paragraph is that I need to evaluate the argument and
really gain clarity and credibility before I respond. It's very easy for me to assume
the information is credible and/or assume I understand the argument instead of
asking for clarity. We all have things to work on but this week's reading help me
understand myself a little more. Be quick to clarify not quick to respond. The two
factors you need to consider when evaluating an argument are clarity and credibility.
These two things are important because without them you can have a constructive
argument and will just have meaningless banter. You have to be able to understand
what the argument is about and make sure the points are all credible. Being able to
put these two things together make the main ingredients to a good argument.
The reading in these chapters tell us what inductive and deductive arguments are.
These give us the book definition of these, but I believe the most basic meaning of
these are that deductive arguments are based on facts but don't really give a full
definition of that fact. Meaning that it will almost lead you to believe that what is
being argued is the point and not the facts. As for inductive will give the facts and
stick to them and give you a reasonable meaning for the point of the argument, it
won't lead you to believe the truth is there because the facts "should show you them"
The most interesting activity this week was reading two articles and seeing how one
topic has opposite views. But them a lot of topics have two sides to them, but this
one definitely had two strong arguments for both sides. After reading Chapter 6
evaluating arguments, two factors I consider when evaluating an argument is clarity
and credibility. I picked clarity because if a person is not clear and do not have a
good understanding what person is saying it could cause an argument among people.
It is always better to be clear, explain and give an explanation to what it is you are
stating when having a argument. Another factor I consider was Credibility. I picked
credibility because it is important to have true information that you can prove to be
true than to make assumptions based off of what you think or how you think it
should be.
Inductive Arguments can be stronger or weaker and not true or false. To me
meaning that you can have a good or bad argument but what you are saying is
neither true or false. Deductive Argument is when the argument is true and all the
facts are valid. The most interesting concept I found interesting was the factors of
evaluating Arguments. I found this interested because it gave different factors on
ways how to break down different ways to evaluate arguments. Clarity and
Credibility are the most important factors when evaluating an argument. Most
speeches or debates would not be credible if the speaker does not have their
speaking points correct or in order. These examples are mostly seen in a Presidential
Debate or even a high school speech class. Even though clarity and credibility are
very important most people can be persuaded by only partial truths.
I would suggest that the biggest difference between inductive and deductive
arguments is that deductive is mostly based on facts and not thoughts. Deductive is
mostly driven by elimination, mathematic and definitions. By using deductive a
person speaking will most likely drive the points of those three concepts
(elimination, mathematic and definitions) and make valid arguments using facts based
on the three types of arguments. Typically inductive arguments will be weaker and
more opinionated. I believe that studying the factors of clarity and credibility are the
most interesting concepts that I learned about during the week. I feel that it is very
important to use use clarity and credibility in your personal and professional life.
Leading by those examples will ensure that you are a clear and transparent employee
or leader.
Five factors should be considered when evaluating an argument. uu
• Clarity
• Credibility
• Relevance
• Completeness
• Soundness
Of these five components used to construct and analyze an argument, I believe that
clarity is one of the most important factors.
Having clarity allows you to identify the issue(s). Being clear about the issue(s)
helps keep the argument focused. If the issue(s) is unclear, the argument goes
nowhere and can leave people feeling frustrated and misunderstood. A valid argument
clearly presents the issue with good reasons and allows
one to accept or reject a particular position to make up their own mind about an
issue.
Though all five factors are essential to forming a great argument, credibility is the
second most crucial component. It is important to have credible evidence to support
claims. Credible evidence should be accurate, unbiased, complete, and consistent with
other relevant evidence. The more evidence there is to support the claim, the more
reasonable it is to accept. Having impeccable credibility helps form and support the
remaining components of an argument; relevance, completeness, and soundness.
Inductive arguments contain evidence based on social behavior and generalization;
they are neither true nor false. Inductive arguments can have social error and
fallacies because it is based on generalization (stereotyping) and probability instead
of certainty.
Deductive arguments are based on mathematical evidence and certainty. A valid
deductive argument has true premises and conclusions. Deductive arguments have
credible evidence and logic, making the argument sound. To remember the five
factors for the criteria to use to construct and analyze an argument is an excellent
resource.
I am intrigued to begin paying attention to arguments and practice identifying,
breaking down, diagramming, and evaluating arguments to see how valid and sound
they are. Two factors we should consider when evaluating an argument is Clarity
and Credibility. Identify if the terms are clear and understandable. If it's not clear
ask for clarification, that is your first step. Second factor to consider is credibility.
Ensure that the premises are credible and backed with by evidence.Inductive
argument is a collection of evidence of something specific that is collected and
supports a general conclusion. It will give information that provides the basis and
necessary grounds for a deduction and valid reasoning. Deductive argument will
begin with a factual premise, pretty much means that the conclusion you want to
reach must be true. They contain enough information for a conclusion to be given
on any topic. This type of argument begins with a statement that is always believed
to be true.The most interesting part of this week was getting the opportunity to learn
how to recognize and evaluate casual arguments. Also on how we tend to generalize
when getting to a conclusion. The example given about the cat was perfect and a
relatable explanation. In my opinion the two factors you should consider when
evaluating and argument is clarity and credibility. When it comes to any argument
that is given you always need to understand what the argument is referring to
because if neither party understands what is going then the argument will never
come to a proper conclusion. Credibility plays a huge roll as well because in order
to have a good stand in any argument you need to have facts and sources to back
up the facts which will give you a strong stand in the argument.In my own words
the difference between an inductive and deductive argument is that deductive you
come up with an idea, then an observation and finally a conclusion for example
women do not like going shooting , Sam is a woman therefore she does not like
shooting. Inductive is when you observe something , then analyze it then come up
with a theory for example my face breaks out when I eat chocolate, signs of
allergic reaction therefore I am allergic to chocolate.This week I really enjoyed
watching the video help break down the types of arguments and everything that goes
along with it. Another thing I really enjoyed was the reading which went more in
depth about inductive and deductive arguments. Overall the activities were a great
breakdown of everything covered this week. Clarity and completeness are two
important factors in an argument that go hand in hand. The clarity of an argument
needs to be clear without bias. The wording in the arguments is defined and
understandable without having mixed definitions. So, the argument can not be
misconstrued. The premises used are complete and support your argument. If there
are missing premises than the argument is not sound and will be able to be picked
apart. Inductive arguments use the probability factor of situation. For instance, if the
premises could mostly be true, then the conclusion would be true. Deductive
arguments are based on eliminations of false premises to come to the correct
conclusion of an argument. The premises are true than the argument is true.
Deductive arguments are the most interesting concepts I learned this week. I find
myself using deductive arguments in life than inductive. I do not like to have issues
resolved by chance. Vein diagramming of arguments was confusing to me. I would
have to practice it more to understand the concept. Reading about how to diagram
will not help me remember the skill. It is important to be able to analyze an
argument and break it down, two main factors I believe you should look for in a
good argument is relevance and completeness. while the information does need
credible sources, the premises need to be relevant to the argument's conclusion can
be false. the argument also needs to be complete, it needs to consider all sides
before coming to a conclusion. Without checking the other perspective, the
conclusion can become biased or invalid.An inductive argument is an assumption, A
theory that starts with an observation and concluded without much evidence to back
it up. this is something that you cannot necessarily prove and can be easily
disproved with newfound evidence. an example is: the last 3 tests were easy,
therefore the next test will be easy." A deductive argument is the opposite, It starts
with a theory that can be proven or disproven and the conclusion is always correct
with the right evidence. with deductive reasoning, you can formulate a theory and
test that theory by collecting data and analyzing it until you can prove or disprove
the conclusion of the argument.The textbook has provided a lot of examples and
exercises that helped further my understanding of the chapters we are studying. my
personal favorite was in chapter 6, breaking down an argument by identifying the
premises and the conclusion. the exercise that I applied was the end of the chapter
practice where Kennedy was arguing for the rights of Gay marriage using facts and
breaking down the legitimacy of why it should be legal. He used proper premises
both dependent and independent to support his conclusions.one thing that I had to
struggle with and do extra research on was the difference between Independent and
dependent Premises. While the definition of both was clear, I couldn't seem to get a
grasp of how to use them in the example. Both premises seemed they could be used
on their own or conjoined if they wanted to. While there are many factors that
should be considered while evaluating an argument, I think Credibility and
Completeness are the two most important. They're the opposites of two parts of bad
arguments, namely Misinformation and Withholding the Truth. If we fail to pay
attention to the credibility of premises in an argument, then our understanding of the
argument is limited to whatever information the arguing party gives us. Chapter 6
had an excellent example of a young girl that presented the argument 1) I am a
girl, 2) girls become nurses, boys become doctors, therefore 3) I cannot become a
doctor. The second premise of this argument is clearly false if examined through the
lens of critical thinking, but if we don't apply our critical thinking skills to the
credibility of premises such as these then we can have a misguided understanding of
the argument. Completeness is a bit trickier to understand, but the omission of
relevant premises can make an argument seem true when it really isn't. The
following argument is related to an example I used in an earlier discussion post, but
it's relevant here too. 1) seatbelts are now required in cars, 2) emergency room visits
for injuries obtained in car crashes have gone way up, therefore 3) seatbelts make
people more likely to be injured in a car crash. This argument may seem valid at
first, but when examined through the lens of critical thinking we see that it's
incomplete. There should be a third premise, "deaths from injuries obtained in car
crashes have gone way down". If we don't pay attention to the completeness of
arguments, we may once again have a misguided understanding of the
argument.Deductive arguments remind me of math - the conclusion is not just
logically, but inevitably drawn from the premises. The Wason card problem (or the
more easily understandable underage drinking problem) are excellent examples of
this. A deductive argument may be complex or otherwise difficult to follow, but in
the end there's only one factually correct conclusion. Inductive arguments are less
like math and more like a story. The premises will point towards the conclusion,
sometimes with great evidence, but there's no factually correct conclusion.I really
enjoyed looking over the diagraming of arguments in chapter 6. Of course I've used
arguments for as long as I've been able to speak and write, but I've never broken
one down in such a way. The two areas in evaluating an argument I believe are
credibility, and soundness. Credibility of an argument needs to have strong facts and
sources to be viewed as valid. Soundness of an argument is also a primary need. If
your ideas are not well-thought out your argument can be flawed and not very
sound in your presentation. Inductive arguments usually follow the premises. They
are either stronger or weaker in support of the conclusion rather than being true or
false. Deductive arguments necessarily follow the premises. That is if the premises
are true, and the reasoning process is valid.What we studied this week was
interesting. The different part of an argument was fascinating, as well as, how to
defuse a lot of arguments. I got the gist of what the book was saying, but I will
have to work on how to best evaluate the process on how to present an argument. I
am also wondering how you would want to diagram an argument. Most of the
arguments I have had you do not have the time to do such a thing, unless you are
on a debate team on working as a lawyer, you do not have the time for that. Just
thinking aloud. The videos are the best teaching tool when it comes to talking about
these kinds of things. One factor that should be considered when evaluating critical
thinking is clarity. To have clarity in an argument means that you completely
understand what the argument entails and that it is straight forward. This is
important because if you do not understand your own argument and the premises to
it, it has no value. Another very important factor that should be considered when
evaluating critical thinking is credibility. Credibility in an argument means that there
is factual evidence and reasoning to back up your claim. This is important because
with out credible sources and evidence your argument is most likely invalid, and it
is dangerous to spread mis-information.
The differences between inductive and deductive arguments are drastic but very easy
to understand. While the premises of inductive arguments are support for the
conclusion, the premises of deductive arguments are facts. I think the major
difference between the two is that deductive arguments are 100% certain or absolute
while inductive is very probable and uncertain.My favourite reading from this week
was chapter six with all of the factors to evaluate in an argument. I think this
section will truly help me in my day to day life by having controlled,
knowledgeable arguments. one of the factors I consider we should evaluate are
Argument from definition, why because it is based on a key term or essential
attribute in a defintion, the second one is, Hypothetical Syllogism, why because it
contains two premises at least one of which is a hypothetical conditional statement.
Inductive provides support but not neccessarily proof for the conclusion, which
means like when me and my cousin got to arguing she was saying things but
could't state the fact the whole purpose of the argument.Deductive the conclusion
necessarily follows from the premises, which means she never got to the bottom of
why we was arguing, what was the purpose and getting loud and anger if you can't
tell us the reason for this all. Reflecting on this learning activity it's plenty of ideas,
topics, and concepts, I have learn and it's so much more I would like to learn.
When evaluating an argument I believe the two factors that should garner the most
attention are the Premise and Conclusion of the argument. A good premise should be
based in facts, knowledge and experience. If a premise is based in opinions or
biases of any sort the argument could be considered faulty in the educational field
and in terms of critical thinking. The conclusion should be in alignment with the
arguments premise and keep everything cohesive. Being able to identify the structure
and tone of the premise and conclusion may also help identify whether the argument
is deductive or inductive.Inductive arguments tend to rely on conjecture or a pattern.
Inductive arguments can usually be based in probabilities or likelihoods rather than
facts. Inductive arguments are not insured and can be viewed if looking for
probability over facts. Deductive reasoning is the search for accuracy and precision.
The premise in deductive arguments are factual and to the point. The end result of
this form of argument is usually a factual conclusion. Learning how to evaluate an
argument based on clarity, credibility, relevance, soundness and completeness was
definitely very helpful for me this week. I feel like in the age of misinformation
being able to sort through some of the chaos is a tool everyone can benefit from.
Two of the factors we should consider when evaluating an argument are Relevance,
which will help to ensure that you have the material provided that is factual and
supports what is stated. The second factor is Soundness, to help ensure that there is
evidence that supports the facts of the positive conclusion and ensure it gives
specific detail to make your point and argument strong. These two of the five
factors are important to build an argument. Having these factors helps to ensure that
you are clear in stating your platform, you have used credible material that is
relevant, you have looked at all sides to ensure you have not missed an important
piece. Last but not least is the soundness that you have supporting evidence.Inductive
Arguments suggests it is factual however using certain words can change the
outcome to likely. Inductive does not have all the proof of investigative facts,
therefore they are weak and do not have any support. Deductive arguments are
common sense reasoning from investigating and have facts and conclusions, they are
the truth. It will have supporting evidence.The learning activity that was most
interesting this week was the Video explaining arguments and how it helped you
remember Clarity, Credibility, Relevance, Completeness & Soundness. "CCRCS".
Using word association is always helpful for me. The material this week was
explained well through the videos and readings. Being able to recognize the issue in
any argument and also keeping an open mind so that your brain can ask the right
questions, are two things to consider when evaluating an argument. These are two
important parts because if we can point out the issue we can begin to formulate an
opinion or solution to the argument. When my husband and I argue I keep an open
mind about whatever it is he is trying to convey. When I do this it helps him to
feel more comfortable to communicate with me rather than feeling attacked. Having
a good listening ear before jumping to a conclusion is vital in the communication
process. My hubby likes to say that he is the smartest man that I know. That
statement indicates an inductive argument i feel. I am familiar with other men but I
don't know their levels of intelligence. That doesn't make his statement true per say.
Maybe If he rephrases his statement to being the smartest man that I have ever been
married to, then wouldn't that indicate a deductive argument? Its true and valid that
I haven't dated much and in the past I have not picked the most intellectual guys.Its
also tru that we are married. I think this concept of inductive versus deductive
arguments is the most interesting topic this week. I am still trying to accurately pin
point the differences. I think I will further read up on this because it can be tricky
distinguishing between the two. Two important factors that we should consider when
evaluating an argument may include premises and the presence of fallacies. The main
goal of an argument is to provide a stance in regards to a certain topic, and it is
important evaluate the presence of premises. Premises are the reasons, and they are
sometimes not absent of opinion or non credible facts. Fallacies may also take form
in an argument. There may be generalizations that will negate the credibility of the
whole argument.In my own opinion, deductive arguments actually have a conclusion.
For example, if someone says that all cats are cute, and a stray cats are cats, then
stray cats are cute. This is a deductive argument, but it is invalid. Not all deductive
arguments are valid. Inductive arguments predict a conclusion. This would be like
saying "Sally did not clean her room. She is messy." This statement predicts the
conclusion that she is messy.This week, I enjoyed learning about inductive and
deducting arguments. I think that it is important to be able to evaluate arguments
and be able to acknowledge premises. Being able to identify if an argument is valid
or invalid also will contribute to better critical thinking skills. Two factors we should
consider when evaluating an argument are Clarity and Relevance. Clarity is important
because you want to make sure you clearly and fully understand exactly what the
argument is. If you evaluate a argument without clarity of the argument you are
more than likely to have a conclusion that doesn’t make sense or could be totally
wrong. Relevance is important because you want to make sure that you have
relevant evidence to support your argument. If it is not relevant to the argument
then it cannot support it. The difference between inductive and deductive arguments
is that with inductive arguments statements more so offer support to the conclusion
and with deductive arguments the statement more so proves the conclusion or why
the conclusion is correct or legit. I don’t have a specific interesting activity, they all
were very much interesting and very knowledgeable. Understanding exactly what an
argument is and the breakdown to take into consideration when evaluating an
argument was great information to obtain.
