Cryptography is the science behind securing information and communication techniques
using math concepts and rules. It’s what’s behind the “security net” of sending our
information over the internet. At its most basic form it works by changing your plain
text from your computer to another by using a key to change that up. That way if the
message is intercepted its not readable. But the devices with the key needed to encode
/ decode the message can. Encryption is needed because It is what allows us to more
securely share our information with one another. Every system will have some kind of
vulnerability that someone can exploit to gain access to information. However, having
that encrypted (changed into cipher text) makes it more difficult for them to actually
have that info. Its hidden unless they have that key.You know when you are accessing
a site and you go to enter your credit card information and how there is that lock
letting you know that the page is encrypted. Its letting you know that once you have
submitted that information its encrypted. It eases the mind letting you know that you
are safe (for the most part). It stores that data on servers that have been checked for
vulnerabilities, and that data is used for what you intended it for. Cryptography is the
science or study and implementation of securing data that needs to be protected. there
are many uses for cryptography. cryptography is encrypting data so that only the
person or people who need to see the information do. cryptography is a two step
process of encryption and decryption with a safe and secure password. cryptography
basically scrambles or cover up the message or whatever you are encrypting so that
only the password chosen can and will decrypt it . we use cryptography more than we
even realize on a daily basis cryptography is stronger than just a normal password
because it is more indepth that just putting a plain old password on something. it is
the next level of security it makes sure that only a person with the correct password
or passwords can open and see what is hidden. we use cryptography for things like
ATM, our computers, files that we want to protect from others eyes, internet activity
and many other uses. Cryptography is technically a form of encryption, and has
evolved so much over the years. Modern encryption is something we depend more
than often, and we don't even realize it. In fact, when we use our cell phones, debit
card purchases, or even get cash from the ATM we are using it. Modern encryption
process involves two different keys that locks and unlocks messages. It has been
determine that the strength of the encryption is proportional to the size of the key,
however it can outgrow the resources needed for computation. The fact of the matter
is modern encryption is critical for our everyday life especially for our securing our
sensitive information we don't want anyone else getting a hold to. I never really
realized the importance of securing data until just recently this when year when
someone stole my identification. So from then on I am very careful with certain
things like not using public Wi-Fi, disabling my google assistant on my phone. In
addition I got rid of my Alexa because I learned that there are vulnerabilities in those
things, so yes I have been very careful. Cryptography was developed originally to
protect data in motion across a network. Cryptography consists of two steps:
encryption and decryption, Encryption will encrypt a plaintext and turn it into a
cyphertext. Decryption will do the opposite. Decryption will decrypt a cyphertext into
a plaintext. One method of cryptography used is end to end crypto. This means the
message being sent has been encrypted by the sender.The receiver should decrypt the
message. Cryptography is an important tool that some people do not understand. Me,
being one of those people. Now I understand the use of keys. Crptography is a
preventive tool that should be part of any policies or guidelines. Any employee of a
businees should have proper training for cryptography. I believe humans can make the
worse mistakes, intentionally or unintentionally. Therefore proper training and
guidelines should be a necessity for a business using a network. Confidentiality,
nonrepudiation, and integrity is the core of cryptography. Confidentiality,
nonrepudiation, and integrity are all used to protect data. It is very important for a
business using a network to choose employees wisely. Humans can be the biggest
error. Cryptography is the science of encryption. We all know that we utilize
encryption to "secure" our communications, but there are plenty of people that don't
fully understand the importance, nor how much they actually use encryption on a
daily basis.We are lucky to have modern security engrained with our modern
technology. Despite acknowledging the potential for flaws, holes, exploits, and other
general work-arounds, most of our general consumer technology is at least somewhat
secure by default. It doesn't take much to get past some default settings, but you still
have to know what you're doing and looking at.Encryption is taking data and
"scrambling" the plaintext information, be it password, E-mail, general keyboard
keystrokes, etc., for access control & security reasons. Stored, "at-rest" data is
encrypted from external bad actors attempting illegitimate content access. Likewise,
sent or requested "in-transmission" data, such as a visited website or a sent E-mail, is
encrypted or scrambled against interception or other "man-in-the-middle" attacks. The
best part is that if the proper end-point systems are in-place, most- if not all- of this
encoding and decoding for the 'encryption' process occurs automatically with no
intervention and minimal added processing time. Cryptography, explains as securing
data to get it from one destination to the next. When I think about it there are so
many forms of this functionality that it hard to speak about them all but if I describe
this in a simple way, I would have to think of something like dropbox or a secure
FTP file. This is especially important when you think about bank files, PII, or just
confidential documents that can affect the outcome of future projects plans or to have
someone get to the market with a creation before you. When it comes to getting this
information to the intended party your programming code that will allow the system
to deliver the document completely without threat attackers becoming the middle man
to intercept the communications. This can be ensure with the ACK returned with the
id or information that make the document secured. There also information that may go
thru external communication from one end of the company to another area located
externally of the company that ties into how packets are transferred and delivered in
pieces then created again once fully delivered.. Some these ways of stopping attackers
is to use different router when the communication is forward. Cryptography is a plain-
text message is encoded before being sent. Encryption is a means of securing a
message prior-to, as well as during transmission to its intended recipient. When a
message is encrypted, each character is exchanged (misrepresented) with another
character, rendering the message unreadable or non-sensical. This prevents anyone
other than the intended recipient from being able to read the message. On the
receiving end, the intended recipient will need to have the key to unencrypt the
message before being able to read its content. In this current time, computers have
built-in encryption and when electronic messages are sent, the computer of the
receiver is able to decrypt the message for reading. There are different levels of
encryption, each stronger than the previous, and their purpose is to make the message
harder to crack should it fall into the wrong hands. We still have to be cautious, as
there are programs and software out there specifically designed to beat or get around
encryption to decipher messages. As technology evolves, though, for every step we
take to protect our data, there will be someone out there who will work to develop a
means for thwarting our protections to get at our important data and information.
Cryptography is the practice of securing communications through encryption, then
decryption methods between the sender and the intended recipient amongst any
unwanted parties or adversaries . While cryptology is the study of these techniques.
Fun Fact: The term is derived from the Greek word Krytos; which means
hidden.Encryption is often used in electronic money transactions. To protect users,
financial institutions convert transaction data such as account numbers, transaction
amounts and account passwords. These types of sensitive information travel through
the internet regularly. This is just one example of the necessary applications of
Cryptology. Although cryptography has been around for millennia, We no longer
replace letters in a message with other characters but we’ve doubled down and
scrambled the order of the message in a cryptic nature. In theory, only the holder of
the decryption key can view the message. Cryptography is the practice and study of
techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties called adversaries.
Cryptography is use daily such as ATM machine, Pay TV, email file storage, secure
web browsing and so many.
There are three types of cryptography Symmetric-key, public-key, and hash function.
There are two categories of Cryptography, Symmetric key Cryptography and Public-
Key (Asymmetric key Cryptography).
Modern encryption is the key to advanced computer and communication security.
This stream of cryptography is completely based on the ideas of mathematics such as
number theory and computational complexity theory, as well as concepts of
probability. Encryption can also be used to verify the integrity of a file or piece of
software. Symmetric key encryption technique uses a straightforward method of
encryption and Public-Key Encryption is another encryption method that uses two
keys: a new and sophisticated encryption technique. The encryption is used to protect
data whether personal or company. As in the lab assignment show us how to create
authorize access to other user but can set it up to give access to read or write to a
user or unauthorize the user to write but to only read also create a text-document with
limited authorization. cryptography is very broaden and it starts with the basics of
protecting information or communications and only one individual(hopefully) has the
key. That key is the actual key to reading the message, data, etc. The important thing
is that the message or information of whatever kind will be 'scrambled' via algorithms
and this can be done on different layers and can be done in different ways. One of
the more common ways this is done and shown is via scrambling plaintext into
ciphertext and then back again. If you want to talk encryption, then the most notable
encryption should be AES 256-bit encryption. Supposedly, which makes sense, it is
virtually impossible for a brute force style attack to guess this key. There are 78
digits in the ridiculous number that comes up in Google after a search for how many
possible combinations are in a 256 bit encryption. Modern encryption can actually
create keys based on the user's mouse movement that will create unique and random
seeds. It is also common nowadays for modern systems to have specific key protocols
that will generate a new and fresh key for every session which adds another later of
security. Cryptography is a tool used to protect information and keep it out of harms
way. Since the beginning of computer communication. Cryptography has been used to
safeguard government and personal information.
The need to classify messages has been seen since manual cryptography in World
War I.
Cryptography protects sent information by keeping it confidential. By verifying the
receivers and recipients credentials only the intended users can view the information.
Hash functions can be used to protect publicly seen information and asymmetric keys
assist with encoding mass amounts of information detailing who can access what..
Using a lock and unlock key is another way to protect your data. Requiring a unique
code that only the intended receiver will have. Seeing this encryption first hand in the
Air Force. A code would be sent over a lan line connecting to a component I
installed. The first digits would unlock and verify the weapon system. Verifying the
correct recipient received the code.
Cryptography verifies the integrity and eliminates most worry of information
compromise. Becoming a valued layer of protection against cyber attacks.
Cryptography secures the transfer of information from anyone who may try to steal
steal that information while in transit. This process is mostly used with banking and e-
commerce transactions. With cloud storage becoming more popular, having that data
encrypted could deter an attacker. The way we communicate now also requires
encryption. The different message apps that we use require end to end encryption. End
to end encryption guarantees that the data between two people cannot be viewed by
an attacker. The content being transferred is encrypted by client software before being
passed to a web client and decrypted only by the recipient. In todays world encryption
is an important part of keeping data secure as it travels. Cryptography is the practice
of protecting user data by transforming it into a form that is unreadable or in other
words a written code. This would be called a ciphertext. The overall process is called
encryption. Ciphertext can only be converted to a readable format by whoever has the
key to convert it. This process is called decryption. Cryptography is divided into two
categories; public key and private key. Cryptography being a method that enables a
user to store and transmit information while safeguarding it from intruders means we
can use cryptography methods to keep information private and let users communicate
in a way where only the intended recipient can read the message. Ciphers have been
used for thousands of years to keep information, messages, and other valuable
documents secret. Today encryption has become big business as everyone wants to
keep their personal business, transactions, and messages hidden from prying eyes.
Some of the most widely used encryption algorithms in use today are 3DES, AES,
and RSA, and there are other more advanced algorithms that are being used by
government agencies all over the world. With today's advanced cybercriminals and
spies, people will continue to create more advanced algorithms to protect sensitive
data from being intercepted and read. Cryptography is the means in which we use
sypher text to encode plain text weather it is a file at rest or a file in motion.
cryptography is essential for protecting ones data from a potential attacker and is used
every day. when encoding a text the cypher text will be illegible to another party
unless the cypher key is provided. This can also work against us as an attacker can
use ransomware and encryption software to essentially hijack our data with the threat
of data loss if there is failure to pay. Sypher text helps protect our data by encoding
files so that they do not fall into the wrong hands. This can also be handy if your
device is stolen as an encrypted file without the key is useless to an attacker, while
you can restore your data safely from the cloud onto a new device, this prevents data
loss and makes our lives much easier in the long run. You can also encrypt data in
motion to prevent files from being intercepted. Cryptography is a system used to
encrypt messages and cannot be deciphered by non authorized persons or machines. it
is used to enhance cyber security. it mitigates cybercrime by using elaborate designs
to encrypt messages. it has a more personal response than cybersecurity, some experts
argue that cryptography is a subset or part of cybersecurity. while i am discussing the
difference between cryptography and cybersecurity both are different in their own way.
cybersecurity has many means of ensuing that the cyber threats are the same in some
ways but different in other ways. cryptography is part of cybersecurity. Cryptography
is securing communication from adversaries who will try to infiltrate. Cryptography is
when plain text is converting into ciphertext. It starts with unencrypted Plaintext
message which is goes through an encryption key sent to be encrypted into Ciphertext
then there’s a Decryption Key to Decrypted into Plaintext.
Symmetric Encryption
You have what is call Symmetric Encryption where you have a sender send data in
plain text using a shared Key then it goes to what is called Ciphered data. It goes to
the shared Key which is decrypted plain data for the person who will receive it in
plain text.
• Single Key to Encrypt & Decrypt
• Straightforward & Conventional method of encryption
• Faster
• Requires smaller key lengths usually 128–256-bitlength
• Data Security
• Standard symmetric encryption algorithms are RC4, AES, DES, 3DES and
QUAD
Asymmetric Encryption
Then you have what’s Asymmetric encryption which is sent from a computer in Plain
text with a Public Key then it goes through the Cipher text to a secret key. Once it
uses the secret key it goes through decryption and it is received in Plain text.
• Uses Two separate Keys for Encryption and Decryption
• Slower and Require More Processing Power
• Asymmetric Keys are longer in their lengths
• Used For Small Amounts of Data
• Standard Asymmetric encryption algorithms are RSA, Diffie-Hellman, ECC, EL
Gamal and DSA
I know that encryption is used in medical whenever patients’ records are sent from
different healthcare facilities.Corporations are now using these methods to send out
confidential materials to staff and customers. The term ‘cryptography’ refers to the
process of safeguarding data, information as well as communications by using codes.
The objective of the technique is to make sure that information can be read and
processed by the intended party only and no unauthorized party. In the current times
when there is a surge in the instances of cyberattacks and online security breaches,
the relevance of cryptography has further increased. The proper adoption of
cryptography is considered of paramount importance as it helps to keep information
safe by converting it into a form that cannot be understood by unintended recipients.
A modern encryption system is used to protect data as well as data use by deploying
an encryption technique which involves the use of the same key by the sender as well
as the receiver. The secret key is shared only between these two parties so that no
unauthorized party can gain access to it or the underlying data. The modern
encryption system is designed by following the Data Encryption Standard (DES)
algorithm. This systematic-key block cipher transforms the plain text in 64-bit blocks
and transforms it into ciphertext by using 48-bit blocks and thus it assists in
protecting data and data use .Modern cryptography is a vital function of today’s
sharing of information. Cryptography is the process of scrambling information or using
a secret code intended to be unreadable by anyone other than the specified receiver
who can de-code the message’s contents. Data is either categorized as plain text (non-
ciphered) or ciphertext (encrypted). Computers use many different encryption methods
for protecting data that is to be shared or for safe-keeping on a local machine. Some
examples are RSA, AES 256, and Blowfish.There are three main categories used to
define data encryption—Symmetric, asymmetric, and hashing. Symmetric, “Also called
private-key cryptography or a secret key algorithm, this method requires the sender
and the receiver to have access to the same key. So, the recipient needs to have the
key before the message is decrypted. This method works best for closed systems,
which have less risk of a third-party intrusion.Asymmetric “Also called public-key
cryptography, this method uses two keys for the encryption process, a public and a
private key, which are mathematically linked. The user employs one key for
encryption and the other for decryption, though it doesn’t matter which you choose
first. And lastly, hashing “Hashing generates a unique signature of fixed length for a
data set or message. Each specific message has its unique hash, making minor
changes to the information easily trackable. Data encrypted with hashing cannot be
deciphered or reversed back into its original form. That’s why hashing is used only as
a method of verifying data.These methods are used in conjunction with other forms of
security like WPA-2 and VPN tunnels. Stacking security and encryption methods can
make it incredibly difficult for an unauthorized person to access or read your data.
Cryptography is defined as the process of converting ordinary plain text into
unintelligible cypher, and then reversing the process back to ordinary plain text. It's a
method of storing and transmitting data in a particular form, limiting the availability
to only the individual(s) it's intended for. Only they can read and process it.
Cryptography's main purpose is to protects data from theft or alteration, as well as
user authentication. Early versions of cryptography were characterized as simply
encryption. Today's cryptography is based on mathematical theory and computer
science practices. Modern cryptography deals mostly with confidentiality (information
privacy), integrity (information purity), non-repudiation (information authenticity), and
authentication (information verification). Cryptography is used in all areas of modern
life; like banking transaction cards (embedded chips), computer passwords, and e-
commerce transactions. Some of the most common cryptographic techniques used are:
Symmetric-key Cryptography: Both the sender and receiver share a single cypher key.
The sender uses this key to encrypt plain text and sends the cipher text to the
receiver. The receiver reverses the process using the same cypher key to decrypt the
message and convert the cypher back into plain text.
Public-Key Cryptography: In Public-Key Cryptography, two related keys (public keys
and private keys) are used. Public keys may be freely distributed, while its paired
private key, remains confidential. The public key is used for encryption and the
private key is used for decryption.
Hash Functions: A fixed-length hash value (process of converting plain input text into
encrypted hash value using the cryptographic algorithm) is computed as per the plain
text that makes it impossible for the contents of the plain text to be viewed or
recovered.
The purpose of the two keys in asymmetric encryption is so anyone in the world can
encrypt data and send it to the recipient, who is the ONLY one that can decrypt that
information. As I said in an earlier post, asymmetric encryption is part of the
encryption used when you browse an encrypted website using HTTPS. This is a
rather ingenious use of asymmetric encryption because it is used to encrypt a key for
use in symmetric encryption. Why bother doing that? Two reasons. First, asymmetric
encryption is one way only due to the public/private key pair. zz In order to encrypt the
other direction, a different key pair must be used or a shared key (symmetric
encryption) must be used. Since the server has to obtain a key anyway, why not make
it for symmetric encryption as it is much faster - which is the second reason to do it.
Cryptography can be accomplished at multiple layers. In my opinion, Application
level encryption using industry accepted strong keys is the best way to encrypt data at
rest. This is done by taking the data that comes into an application and encrypting in
using AES-256 encryption. The data is then stored in the database in its encrypted
state. If someone accesses the database, they can only see the encrypted values in the
tables and not the real values. When the data needs to be used, it has to be moved
back to the application layer where the application applies the keys to decrypt the
data before it is displayed to the user. Compare this to database encryption where the
table or column is encrypted by the Database Management System. If and
unauthorized person were to get access to the database, they will be able to see all of
the decrypted values. zz Likewise, disk layer encryption protects data from being stolen
on a disk, but if an attacker accesses the system that can access the disk, the data is
decrypted for them. Cryptography is a secure communication between a sender and
recipient. It also protects information by converting it into a secure format called
encryption. Encryption is used to prevent messages from being read by unauthorized
recipients. Cryptography is like having a conversation with someone, but you are
speaking in code so that only you and the person you are speaking with
understand.Encryption helps protect the data you send, receive and store using a
device. It includes text messages, running logs save on fitness watch and banking
information. Encryption scrambles readable text that can only be read by the person
who has the secret code, or decryption key. Encryption helps provide data security for
sensitive information. The main purpose of encryption is confidentiality. According to
digitalguardian.com “encryption process results in ciphertext, which only can be
viewed in its original form if it is decrypted with the correct key.” There are three
types of encryptions to protect your data: Symmetric, Asymmetric and Hashing. The
word cryptography comes from the greek work kryptos, meaning hidden. Cryptography
is communicating securely, and the only people who can see the communication is the
people that it is intended for. For example, if I am the sender, and I want to add 3
other people to the email, that is the only people who will be able to see it, and it
will be hidden from everyone else, no one will have access to it.We use cryptography
probably more often than we think about. When we encrypt something, it takes the
plain text and puts it into an unreadable format, unless you are the intended recipient.
A modern encryption system example would be if I was a teller at a bank, and I
wanted to send an email to my boss regarding some customer financial information,
and I wanted to make sure that it was completely secure, and no one else outside of
our circle would be able to see it. I would encrypt the email, to ensure that no one
else can see it, and if our business or email is hacked, they will not be able to get
that information. It is very important that we encrypt information that we want to
keep safe.Cryptography can be defined as studying the techniques of secure
communications which permit the messages and data to be viewed when sent from
senders to receivers. It worth mentioning that the word Cryptography is derived and
taken from the original Greek word Kryptos, which means hidden.The modern
encryption system is used to protect data and data use variously. For instance, the
whole process is related to data encryption, which means data hiding and covering for
the sake of that data protection. Cryptography is in fact is the process of changing the
clear readable text into a scrambled one into what is called ciphertext then upon being
approved that data will be switched to the readable form.
There are different types of Encryption and the list includes the following:
• Data Encryption Standard (DES)
• Triple DES
• RSA
• Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
• TwoFish
• Use os secure sockets layer (SSL)
