HEMOPHILIA A
Concept and Etiology: Patients that have moderate to severe hemophilia are generally
protected against the development of cardiovascular disease related. Hemophilia A and B
are bleeding disorders caused by an absence or decrease in the levels of the coagulation
factor VIII (FVIII) or factor IX (FIX). Many cardiovascular events can still occur when a
blood vessel is blocked, most often by blood clot. And because of low levels of the FVII
and FIX clotting factor hemophilia patient ae though to be protected from these issues.
Therefore, all cardiovascular risk factors, hypertension is more common in hemophilia,
which not only increase CVD, but also the risk of intracerebral bleeding.
Classification: Hemophilia is a mild, moderate, or severe disease.
Severe: <1,
Classification: Factor Activity, %
Mild > 5-40
Clinical Manifestations (Symptoms and Signs): There are 3 levels of hemophilia
(1). Mild Hemophilia (2). Moderate Hemophilia (3). Severe Hemophilia
Many large or deep bruises
Unusual bleeding after vaccinations
Pain, swelling or tightness in joints
Blood in your urine or stool
Nosebleeds without a known cause
In infants, unexplained irritability
Unexplained and excessive bleeding from cuts or injuries
Also, a bump on the head can cause bleeding into the brain for some people who have
severe hemophilia.
Diagnostic Test: The original test to determine hemophilia is through a blood test to
measure the clotting factor. Also, it can be tested when a baby is born. Another test that
can used before the baby is born is called chorionic villus sampling.
RESOURCES
Drelich, D.A., & Nagalla, S., (2020). How is Hemophilia A
Classified. MedScape. https://www.medscape.com/answer/779322-78149/how-is-
hemophilia-a-classified
Hemophilia of Georgia (n.d). Testing for Hemophilia.TheHemophiliaVOWillebrand
Disease&PlateletDisorders
Handbook.https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/1/3/testing-for-hemophilia
Informedhealth ( 2016). Hemophilia. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK355296
Kamphuisen, P., (2014). Cardiovascular risk in patients with hemophilia. BloodSportlight.
123(9),1297-1301 https://doi.org/10.1182/blood2013-11453159
MayoClinic (n.d.).
Hemophilia. https://www.mayoclinic.org/disease-conditions/hemophilia/symptoms-
causes/syc-20373327
Mumal, I., (2018). Despite Protective Effects Cardiovascular Disease Still A Risk in
Moderate to Severe Hemophilia Patients Study Finds. HemophiliaNews
Today. https://www.hemophiliaonnewstoday.com/2018/07/09/hemophilia-patients-still-
at-risk-cardiovascular-disease-study
