BIO 120L Module Five Lab Report: PCR Virtual Lab
Explain PCR. What exactly does the process include, and how does it function in a laboratory
setting? A given DNA sequence may be duplicated 100 billion times in a lab environment using
the Polymerase Chain Reaction in a matter of hours. A test tube, basic chemicals, and an energy
source are needed for the operation. 2) From what kinds of materials may DNA be extracted?
Little amounts of blood, skin, saliva, or hair follicles might all be used to harvest DNA. 3) Why
is it crucial to fill the PCR tube with primer 1? Primers bind to specific locations on the DNA
strand at one end of the DNA that is intended to be duplicated, hence it is crucial to add primer 1
to the PCR tube. There is minimal possibility that the primer will focus on the false site.
What does adding primer 2 accomplish? To connect to the second location of the DNA strand,
primer 2 is added. 5) What nucleotides are you incorporating? The DNA code is made up of the
nucleotides A, C, G, and T, which are added. 6) How is the PCR reaction aided by DNA
polymerase? By operating as machines that read the DNA code and bind the correct nucleotides
to generate DNA copies, DNA polymerase helps the PCR reaction.
What occurs when the sample is heated to 95°C in the thermocycler? The DNA double helix
splits into two single-stranded DNA molecules when the sample is heated in the thermocycler to
95°C. 8) What degree of heat does the primer adsorption to the single-stranded DNA molecules
occur at? At 50 °C, the primers bind to the single-stranded DNA molecules. 9) Which enzyme
begins to function at 72°C? Around 72 °C, the DNA polymerase begins to function. 10) After
four PCR cycles, how many target sequences were discovered in your sample?
How many pieces of the target sequence remain after 30 cycles? How many molecules have
longer chains? Around a billion target sequence fragments and 60 copies of the longer-chain
molecules are present after 30 cycles. 12) What practical uses may this technology be put to?
Applications of PCR technique in the real world include genotyping, cloning, mutation detection,
paternity testing, and medico - legal recognition.
