1
PSYC575 Cognitive Psychology
Student’s Name
Department, University
Course Name: Course Code
Professor’s Name
Date
2
PSYC575 Cognitive Psychology
What Does the Goodale and Humphrey (1998) Article Mean By “The Field’s
Preoccupation with Vision as Sight??”
Since most of the population compare hearing and vision, Goodale and Humphrey (1998)
address the field's fascination with vision as a means of perception. They state that people in the
domain believe that eye and vision are how people perceive the world, but they disagree more
about vision complexity. According to Goodale and Humphrey (1998), vision offers sense and
awareness while also acting as a point of reference for body motion. Nevertheless, based on the
time it took to compose and review this paper, the vision's complexity was unclear since it had
not yet been segmented. As Miller (2003) pointed out, behavioral and cognitive consciousness is
a relatively new area of psychology. Before the cognitive movement, the behaviorists approach
influenced psychology (Miller, 2003). Mind, like any other part of the human body, was
overlooked. More focus was focused on cognitive psychology, with psychologists delving into
the human subconscious's complexities, such as vision with all its related components.
How Did Goodale and Humphrey’s View of the Ventral and Dorsal Visual Stream
Differ from Ungerleider and Mishkin's Earlier Theory (1982)?
The role of the ventral stream in object perception, as per Ungerleider and Mishkin
(1982), is critical. Whereas spatial vision is a part of the dorsal stream. In essence, Object
detection took place in the ventral stream, whereas to find them, the dorsal stream was being
used. From the other side, Goodale and Milner had a contrasting take upon the two streams'
roles. They didn't emphasize the "where" and "what" as Ungerleider and Miskin were doing;
rather, they explained that perhaps the dual streams' role was to decide object dimensions and
recognition also the command of cognitive and motor acts. As per Goodale and Humphrey
3
(1998), the ventral stream assists in identifying and classification items by humans and animals.
In contrast, the dorsal stream processes crucial details about the object's size, shape and, position
(Goodale & Humphrey, 1998). Simply put, their assumption about the role of the two streams is
far more complicated than what was initially proposed.
Discuss The Evidence Presented By Goodale And Humphrey To Support Their
View. How Has Learning about The Brain’s Two Separate Visual Systems Changed the
Way You Think about Your Own Visual Experience?
People with harm to one of the dorsal streams or ventral streams were detected by
Goodale and Humphrey (1998). They looked at people who had optic ataxia that is considered a
threat to the posterior parietal cortex, which houses the dorsal vein. They found that while certain
persons could describe such an object's description and orientation, they were still unable to
adjust their hands in picking up the objects comfortably. While seeming to identify where the
thing was situated, the persons could not locate the item with their hand accurately. Such finding
backed up their theory that now the dorsal stream was still responsible for monitoring the precise
movement necessary to locate an object(Goodale & Humphrey, 1998). They even took a look at
a woman who seemed to be agnostic. Harm to some regions of the brain causes agnosia. Visual
agnosia is a disorder in which people cannot perceive something visibly (Anderson, 2015).
Goodale and Humphrey (1998) found that their client couldn't identify colleagues' and family's
faces and also familiar objects. Despite her inability to identify an item, she recognized and
retained an item ultimately- the ventral stream is in charge of identifying objects. The dorsal
stream is in charge of motor movement guidance. I became instantly conscious of the
significance of vision when I read this article. Learning further through numerous reports of
people who had brain damage rendered me grateful about my vision right away. Vision is the
4
vehicle that distinguishes emotions in the face (Wegrzyn et al., 2017). It's not a good idea to take
your sight for a health joke. Several various parts of my brain are stimulated as often as anything
is within my sightline. Recollections can be resurrected, emotional responses can be cultivated,
and sense can be created (Miller, March 2003). This essay has made me understand the
perception and the dynamic role that it plays in cognitive ability.
Finally, Goodale And Humphrey (1998) Refer To The Two Visual Systems As
Having Evolved. Compare And Contrast the Evolutionary Approach to the function of the
brain with the Tripartite Man’s Approach.
According to Goodale and Humphrey (1998), both visual structures in humans and
mammals have developed and are well-developed. They know that animals utilize their dorsal
and ventral channels in everyday routines, including preying (Goodale & Humphrey, 1998). The
authors claim that development happened due to evidence discovered in their monkey research,
which produced consistent observations to those found in human studies. Such mechanisms
assist species, like human beings, in interacting with others and viewing the world surrounding
them. On the other side, human beings can interpret and perceive the world in ways that give it a
significance that distinguishes it from other species. As McCaig (1931) notes, humankind
comprises three separate areas: soul, spirit, and the body. The author also says that the soul is
divided into three components: passion, desiring, and reasoning. According to the author,
humans are unique in some other species still don't have the three components (McCaig, 1931).
Man's soul is split into two parts; mortal and divine. Animals, from the other side, have the
mortal component. A man may not have developed from those other species but is also
distinguished by his divine relation. Animals and humans both have vision and sight, according
to Goodale and Humphrey (1998) and McCaig (1931). They accept that vision assists in object
5
recognition and also action and motion. Goodale and Humphrey (1998) believe that humankind
is more advanced than most other species, and McCaig (1931) argues that humans are special.
6
References
Anderson, J. R. (2015). Cognitive psychology and its implications (8th Ed.). New York, NY, US:
Worth Publishers
George A. Miller, (March 2003).The cognitive revolution: a historical perspective.
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/FMfcgxwLtGkSbLvHdmMrPtlQVCNRLfF
B?projector=1&messagePartId=0.2
Goodale, M. A., & Humphrey, G. K. (1998). The objects of action and perception. Cognition,
67(1-2), 181-207. doi: 10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00017-1
McCaig, A. (1931). Thoughts on the tripartite theory of human nature. Evangelical Quarterly,
3(1), 121-138.
Miller, G. A. (2003). The cognitive revolution: A historical perspective. Trends in Cognitive
Sciences, 7(3), 141-144. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00029-9.
Wegrzyn, M., Vogt, M., Kireclioglu, B., Schneider, J., & Kissler, J. (2017). Mapping the
emotional face. How individual face parts contribute to successful emotion recognition.
PloS one, 12(5), e0177239.
