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In this study, researchers examined the levels of depression that participants
experienced over the past week. The research variables consisted of nominal
measures with a total of 29 participants who participated in this study: 69%
identifying as biological females and 31% identifying as biological males. Figure
1 shows the relations between gender and spirituality, and Figure 2 shows the
relation between gender and feeling sad.
aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a
relationship between intrinsic spirituality and levels of depression. To determine
this relationship between intrinsic spirituality and depression, researchers used
paired samples t-tests in spss, Figure 1. A paired samples t-test was
conducted to determine the correlation between “my spirituality” and “felt sad”,
df= 28, SD= 3.61, with a 95% confidence interval (1.00, 3.75), (mean= 2.38),
one sided p< .001 and two-sided p= .001. This was found to be statistically
significant and reject the null hypothesis. Looking at Table 1, you will see the
information provided about the relationship between, “My Spirituality” and “How
Sad I Felt.”
Table 1
The Relationship Between My Spirituality and How Sad I Felt
aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa aa aa aa aa aa Paired
Samples Test
Pair 1
aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa Mean aa SD aa aa a aa aa a SD
error aa aa aa aa 95% CI aa a aa df aa aa a aa aa significance
aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa My spirituality
aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa Felt Sad aa aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa a aa aa aa a aa 2.38 aa aa a 3.61 aa aa aa aa aa aa .670 aa aa aa
aa 1.00-3.75 aa aa aa 28 aa aa <.001 - aa .001
Note. This table demonstrates the relationship between intrinsic spirituality and
one of the lowest levels for the depression scale questions.
Figure 1
Relation between Gender and spirituality
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Note. The above figure shows the relationship between females (1) and males
(2) based on intrinsic spirituality.
Figure 2.
Relation between gender and feeling sad.
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Note. The above figure shows the relationship between females (1) and males
(2) based on how sad they felt on a scale of 0-6.
Discussion
aa aa a aa aa The goal of this study was to determine if there was a relationship
between intrinsic spirituality and levels of depression. A paired samples t-test
was conducted to determine the correlation between “my spirituality” and “felt
sad”, df= 28, SD= 3.61, with a 95% confidence interval (1.00, 3.75), (mean=
2.38), one sided p< .001 and two-sided p= .001. Some of the limitations of
this study included there being a short amount of time to collect data and
only having self-reported data. Going forward, this study could allow for there
to be more research into how religion and spirituality may help to improve a
person’s depression and may help to improve their lifestyle. This could also
help the general public to lean more towards spirituality as a way of dealing
and coping with depression, since therapy and taking prescribed medications
are typically the most common. This would be another way for people to be
able to find themselves again and could improve their happiness over time.
For future studies being conducted similar to this one, I would suggest that
there would be more questions related to actions taken during the week (such
as activities they were involved in and how they felt while doing these
activities). This could also help to determine if the person was more
depressed if they laid in bed more often since they reported being sad or if
they were more active after they went to church or prayed that morning. This
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is important to the field of psychology since depression is such a highly
known mental health issues that such a large number of people struggle with.
Allowing more research between these two variables could possibly change
psychology in general for those helping others deal with depression. This study
was similar to other research studies that have been previously conducted.
aa aa a aa aa Religion has been such a powerful contributor to mental and physical
well-being over time. The results of this study shown between mental health
and religion found that there is a unique role between the two variables which
play a huge part in personality (Haney & Rollock, 2020). The researchers found
that there was a strong statistical significance between intrinsic and extrinsic
religion when it came to depression. However, there was found to be no
significance when it came to intrinsic and extrinsic religion for the satisfaction
with life (Haney & Rollock, 2020). This research showed there was a huge
significance between intrinsic spirituality and levels of depression however this
did not determine how satisfied the person was with their life. The study had
a target population of large public university students with about 580 total
participants, who ranged in ages from 18 to 29 years of age. What does no
specific data about gender in this research. Meaning that it contradicted the
study that was conducted above.
aa aa a aa aa Looking at may cause levels of depression can be a huge factor when
it comes to the outcome of the study. The awareness of a diagnosis for a
terminally ill patient with cancer may have a different outlook on life and there
are levels of depression that come with this. There was a total of 299
patients who are terminally ill with cancer that participated in the study (Lai et
al., 2016). This study did not include anything specific about. Researchers used
the hospital anxiety and depression scale to collect the necessary data. Based
on the information collected the researchers were able to determine if there
was a statistical significance inpatient who were aware of their diagnosis
versus those who are not. The participants who were aware of their diagnosis
were also found to have statistical significance with Intrinsic spirituality.
However, when it came to the statistical significance found between spirituality
and psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression, they were found
to be no significance (Lai et al., 2016). In this case, they were still found to
be lower levels of depression and anxiety in terminally ill patient with cancer
who were aware of their diagnosis than those who were not.
Lastly, the correlation of spirituality and other women was conducted to look
at mental health and successful aging. The total of 3653 surveys sent out to
participants, however, only 1942 that were received were able to be used for
the study (Vahia et al., 2010). Humane measures of the study looked at
spirituality and successful aging, meaning depression was not as much of a
concern as the other studies were. The study found that there was I statistical
significance in spirituality when it was associated with more demographic
variables. The participants used were from all around but recruited through San
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Diego clinical Center for women’s Health initiative (Vahia et al., 2010). Since
this study looked at older women and women only there was not much for
demographics and participant options related in the data.
References
Vahia, I. V., Depp, C. A., Palmer, B. W., Fellows, I., Golshan, S., Thompson, W.,
Allison, M., & Jeste, D. V. (2010). Correlates of spirituality in older women.
Aging & Mental Health, 15(1), 97–102.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2010.501069
Lai, C., Luciani, M., Galli, F., Morelli, E., Del Prete, F., Ginobbi, P., Penco, I.,
Aceto, P., & Lombardo, L. (2016). Spirituality and awareness of diagnoses in
terminally ill patients with cancer. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative
Medicine®, 34(6), 505–509. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909116630985
Haney, A. M., & Rollock, D. (2020). A matter of faith: The role of religion,
doubt, and personality in emerging adult mental health. Psychology of Religion
and Spirituality, 12(2), 247–253. https://doi.org/10.1037/rel0000231
