3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
1/15
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology
Due Mar 31 at 11:59pm
Points 50
Questions 50
Time Limit 100 Minutes
Instructions
Attempt History
Attempt Time Score
LATEST Attempt 1 49 minutes 48 out of 50
Correct answers are hidden.
Score for this quiz: 48 out of 50
Submitted Mar 15 at 9:18am
This attempt took 49 minutes.
Question 1
1 / 1 pts
only by its rate of secretion
by the number of its target cells in the body
only by its rate of synthesis
by its secretion and clearance rates, and whether or not it binds to carriers and/or other plasma proteins
only by the rate of its degradation by the liver and kidneys
Question 2
1 / 1 pts
The quiz:
Covers the Learn material from Module 7: Week 7.
Contains 50 multiple-choice and multiple answerquestions.
Is limited to 100 minutes.
Allows 1 attempt.
Is worth 50 points.
Submit this assignment by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module 7: Week 7.
How is the concentration of a hormone in plasma determined?
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3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
2/15
acromegaly
dwarsm
decreased plasma concentration of IGF-I
decreased secretion of somatostatin
increased secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
Question 3
1 / 1 pts
Trevor has primary hypercortisolismdue to an adrenal problem, while Kevin has secondary
hypercotisolismdue to a pituitary problem.
Trevor has primaryhypercortisolismdue to an adrenal problem, while Kevin has secondaryhypercotisolismdue to
a hypothalamic problem.
Trevor has secondaryhypercortisolismdue to an adrenal problem, while Kevin has primaryhypercotisolismdue to a
pituitary problem.
Both have secondary hypercortisolism, as the problem is not with the hypothalamus.
Question 4
1 / 1 pts
They store large amounts of hormone
They are characterized by abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum and few secretory granules
They contain large numbers of secretory granules
They are found in the anterior pituitary gland
They are found in the medulla of the adrenal gland
Question 5
1 / 1 pts
Which is most likely a result of hypersecretion of growth hormone?
Trevor and Kevin both have signs of hypercortisolism. Blood tests show that Trevor has normal
levels of ACTH, which Kevin's are high. Both have normal levels of CRH. What is the diagnosis
for each?
Which is most likely a characteristic of cells that secrete steroid hormones?
Which hypothalamic hormone causes release of ACTH?
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
3/15
GnRH
TRH
CRH
LRH
Question 6
1 / 1 pts
It is increased by adenylyl cyclase and activates protein kinase A.
It activates cAMPand increases protein kinaseA
It produces DAGand activates protein kinase C.
It is a G protein coupled receptor which spans the membrane 7 times.
Question 7
1 / 1 pts
calcitonin
parathyroid hormone
phosphate
osteoblasts
IncorrectQuestion 8
0 / 1 pts
Osmoreceptors decrease in size when when the extracellular uid becomes too concentrated initiating
signals for decreased ADH secretion
When blood volume is high, ADH acts on the collecting duct to increase expression of aquaporins for water
retention
High concentrations of ADH promote arteriolar constriction and increase blood pressure
Atrial stretch receptors are activated when the blood volume is high to promote ADH secretion
Which of the following is true about phosholipaseC?
Which leads toincreased plasma calcium levels?
Which of these statements about ADH is correct?
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
4/15
Question 9
1 / 1 pts
a catecholamine.
a peptide hormone.
a steroid hormone.
an amino acid-derived hormone.
Question 10
1 / 1 pts
low plasma concentration of thyroid hormonesdue to reduced secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone
(TSH)by the pituitary gland
low plasma concentration of thyroid hormonesand an enlarged thyroid gland
high plasma concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) due to a deciency of thyrotropin-releasing
hormone (TRH)
high plasma concentration of thyroid hormonesdue to increased secretion of TSH by the pituitary gland
low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones and atrophy of the thyroid gland due to reduced
concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Question 11
1 / 1 pts
somatotropin
prolactin
corticotropin
erythropoietin
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Question 12
1 / 1 pts
A hormone is released by diffusion, travels through the blood bound to carrier proteins, and
binds to cytosolic receptors. This hormone must be _____.
Which is a result of consuming a diet decient in iodine?
Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
Which hypothalamic hormone causes release of LH?
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
5/15
GnRH
TRH
CRH
LRH
Question 13
1 / 1 pts
It secretes a peptide/protein hormone
It secretes its product by diffusion through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane
It secretes by endocytosis
Its hormone product is synthesized from cholesterol
It secretes a hormone with a hydrophobic structure
Question 14
1 / 1 pts
protein synthesis
lipolysis
gluconeogenesis
immune supression
Question 15
1 / 1 pts
a goiter; increased production of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and increased thyroid hormone levels
atrophy of the thyroid gland; loss ofnegative feedback by thyroid hormones and increased thyroid-
stimulating hormone (TSH) levels
a goiter; loss of negative feedback by thyroid hormones and increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
levels
atrophy of the thyroid gland; decreased sensitivity of receptors for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
"Which is most likely TRUE of an endocrine cell that contains an abundance of rough
endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and secretory granules?"
Which is not an effect of cortisol?
Deciency of iodine in the diet results in _____________ caused by ________________.
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
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atrophy of the anterior pituitary gland; loss of negative feedback by thyroid hormones
IncorrectQuestion 16
0 / 1 pts
It is the site of synthesis of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
It is a site where neurohormones arerelease into blood vessels
It is the site where vasopressin is released into blood vessels
It is the stalk connecting the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary
It is the main site where thyroid-stimulating hormone rst enters the bloodstream
Question 17
1 / 1 pts
a chatecholamine.
a peptide hormone.
a steroid hormone.
a thyroid hormone.
Two of the answers are correct.
Question 18
1 / 1 pts
a. Insulin
b. Prolactin
c. Growth Hormone
d. All of these
Question 19
1 / 1 pts
a. Somatostatin
Which accurately describes the median eminence of the hypothalamus?
A hormone is released by exocytosis, travels through the blood freely, and binds to membrane
receptors. This hormone must be _____.
Which of these hormones utilizes a tyrosine kinase as a mechanism of target cell signaling?
The secretion of growth hormone by the somatotrophs of the anterior pituitary gland can be
inhibited under the following conditions except;
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
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b. Beta adrenergic agonists
c. Hyperglycemia
d. Stress
Question 20
1 / 1 pts
a. Breastfeeding
b. Increased stimulation of dopaminergic neurons of the hypothalamus
c. Pregnancy
d. Increased TRH secretion
Question 21
1 / 1 pts
a. Increased water reabsorption by the proximal tubular cells of the kidneys
b. Arteriolar vasoconstriction
c. Increased uterine tone
d. Increased sodium and water secretion by the principal cells of the distal convoluted tubules
Question 22
1 / 1 pts
True
False
Question 23
1 / 1 pts
True
False
Under which of these conditions are you most likely to observe a depression in plasma
prolactin levels?
Which of these accurately describes the effect of ADH?
In a patient with Addison's disease, the plasma ACTH level will be increased while the cortisol
and glucose levels will be decreased.
In a patient with Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, plasma ADH levels will be elevated while the
urine osmolarity will be decreased.
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
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Question 24
1 / 1 pts
True
False
Question 25
1 / 1 pts
True
False
Question 26
1 / 1 pts
True
False
Question 27
1 / 1 pts
True
False
Question 28
1 / 1 pts
True
False
In a patient with primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's Syndrome), serum K+ and renin levels will
be increased while blood pressure will be decreased.
In patients with Cushing's syndrome, ACTH, cortisol and glucose levels in the blood will be
elevated.
In a patient with surgically-induced hypoparathyroidism, serum calcium levels will be decreased
while phosphate levels will be increased.
In a patient with Hashimoto thyroiditis due to autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland,
serum T4, T3 resin uptake and basal metabolic rate will be decreased while plasma TSH levels
will be increased.
Administration of dexamethasone to a patient with COVID-19 will result in increased plasma
levels of cortisol and ACTH.
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
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Question 29
1 / 1 pts
Calcitriol
Estradiol
Thyroxine
ADH
Aldosterone
Question 30
1 / 1 pts
Epinephrine
Prolactin
Norepinephrine
Thyroxine
Cortisol
Question 31
1 / 1 pts
True
False
Question 32
1 / 1 pts
True
False
Which of the following hormones is/are synthesized from cholesterol?Choose all that apply;
Which of these hormones is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine? Choose all that apply;
Dilation of the cervix causes the posterior pituitary to secrete oxytocin. In turn, oxytocin
stimulates uterine contraction, which causes further dilation of the cervix. This is an example of
positive feedback mechanism of hormonal regulation.
Up-regulation of receptors is a mechanism in which a hormone increases the number or anity
of its receptors by increasing synthesis of new receptors, decreasing degradation of existing
receptors, or activating receptors.
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
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Question 33
1 / 1 pts
Specicity
Negative feedback
Sensitivity
Down-regulation
Question 34
1 / 1 pts
Increases
Decreases
Does not affect
Question 35
1 / 1 pts
Nitric oxide
Atrial natriuretic peptide
TRH
Calcitonin
LH
Question 36
1 / 1 pts
True
False
The concentration of a hormone that produces 50% of the maximal response is called;
Triiodothyronine, or T3, decreases the sensitivity of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
receptors in the anterior pituitary. The overall effect is that chronically high levels of T3 ________
the overall responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis.
Which of the following hormones uses the guanylate cyclase mechanism of signal
transduction? Choose all that apply;
Although both hormones are synthesized in both nuclei, ADH is primarily associated with
supraoptic nuclei and oxytocin is primarily associated with paraventricular nuclei.
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
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Question 37
1 / 1 pts
Lactotrophs
Gonadotrophs
Thyrotrophs
Somatotrophs
Question 38
1 / 1 pts
True
False
Question 39
1 / 1 pts
Vasopressin
Insulin
Aldosterone
PTH
Question 40
1 / 1 pts
lack of the normal suppressive effect of thyroid hormone on TSH and TRH synthesis and secretion
Which of these is the most abundant anterior pituitary gland cell type?
Growth hormone causes insulin resistance and decreases glucose uptake and utilization by
target tissues such as muscle and adipose tissue.
A medical student participating in an ultramarathon decides to avoid drinking during the event,
believing that it will enhance his performance. When he collapses and is unable to complete the
race, he is noted to be dehydrated with an associated increase in his plasma osmolality and a
reduction in urine output. The latter homeostatic response is most directly attributable to which
of the following hormones:
A 40-year-old woman is referred to an endocrinologist for evaluation of persistent lethargy,
diminished mentation, and poor tolerance of cold. She reports that the symptoms began after
she was prescribed lithium for bipolar disorder. A physical examination reveals that her thyroid
gland is enlarged and a diagnosis of hypothyroidism is made. A blood test substantiates that
her T4 thyroid hormone levels are low, while levels of circulating thyroid stimulating hormone
(TSH) are markedly increased. The most likely reason for the increase in TSH is
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
12/15
a decrease in the levels of plasma proteins that bind thyroid hormone
the presence of a tumor that secretes thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH, the hormone that stimulates TSH
release from the pituitary).
the presence of a tumor that secretes TSH in an uncontrolled fashion.
Question 41
1 / 1 pts
Prolactin
Growth Hormone
GnRH
ADH
Question 42
1 / 1 pts
β-endorphin
ACTH
Growth Hormone
α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)
Question 43
1 / 1 pts
Ferritin
A 30-year-old woman is referred to a reproductive specialist because of diculties in
conceiving a child. She reports that she has frequently been bothered by a milky discharge from
her breasts, and also has experienced irregular periods. A pregnancy test is negative. An MRI
scan reveals a mass in her pituitary. A blood test is likely to reveal elevated levels of
A scientist studying pain processing in a mouse model administers a drug that inhibits
proteolytic processing of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary. An increased response
to painful stimuli is noted in the treated animals compared to controls. The effect of the drug is
due to a lack of effective levels of
A scientist studying the normal biosynthesis of thyroid hormones creates a series of mouse
models that are decient in various putative contributors to hormone production. Of the
animals tested, those lacking which of the following factors should exhibit normal levels of
thyroid hormone synthesis?
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/585957/quizzes/2858857?module_item_id=64423600
13/15
Iodine
TSH
Thyroglobulin
Question 44
1 / 1 pts
TBG
TSH
TRH
Free T4
Question 45
1 / 1 pts
hypothyroidism due to a primary abnormality in the hypothalamus
hyperthyroidism due to a thyroid tumor.
hypothyroidism due to a primary abnormality in the thyroid gland
hyperthyroidism due to a primary abnormality in the hypothalamus
Question 46
1 / 1 pts
3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
17α-hydroxylase
21β-hydroxylase
aldosterone synthase
A 50-year-old woman is prescribed hormone-replacement therapy to ameliorate
perimenopausal symptoms. She subsequently develops sustained metabolic symptoms
consistent with hypothyroidism. Her metabolic rate likely has been least affected by a change
in the plasma level of
A young woman has puffy skin and a hoarse voice. Her plasma TSH concentration is low but
increases markedly when she is given TRH. She probably has
A young man presents with a blood pressure of 175/110 mm Hg. He is found to have a high
circulating aldosterone but a low circulating cortisol. Glucocorticoid treatment lowers his
circulating aldosterone and lowers his blood pressure to 140/85 mm Hg. He probably has an
abnormality in what enzyme?
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Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
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Question 47
1 / 1 pts
increases transport of ENaCs from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane
does not act on the cell membrane
binds to a receptor excluded from the nucleus.
also binds to glucocorticoid receptors
Question 48
1 / 1 pts
a low plasma Ca2+ level, increased muscular excitability, and spasm of the muscles of the upper extremity
(Trousseau sign)
low plasma phosphate and Ca2+ levels and tetany
low plasma phosphate and Ca2+ levels and tetanus
increased muscular excitability, a high plasma Ca2+ level, and bone demineralization.
Question 49
1 / 1 pts
Increased parathyroid hormone secretion
Increased formation of 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
Decreased amounts of calcium-binding protein in intestinal epithelial cells
Increased plasma phosphate
Question 50
1 / 1 pts
In its action in cells, aldosterone
10 days after thyroid surgery, a patient returns to his physician complaining of problems that
have gradually developed in the intervening period. It is determined that he has parathyroid
deciency due to inadvertent damage to the parathyroid glands because his signs and
symptoms include
At a routine employment physical, a 30-year-old man is found to be mildly hypocalcemic,
although he denies any symptoms. He does reveal that he has markedly reduced his
consumption of dairy products and leafy greens over the past two months, citing
gastrointestinal distress when these items were previously consumed. Analysis of his blood or
an intestinal biopsy would be expected to reveal which of the following?
3/20/24, 1:01 PM
Quiz: Endocrine Physiology: MSCI520: Principles of Physiology I (C01)
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Urinary calcium
Plasma calcium
Bone resorption
Exocytotic activity in chief cells of the parathyroid glands
Quiz Score: 48 out of 50
A family is identied in which some individuals are heterozygous for an inactivating mutation of
the calcium-sensing receptor, CaSR. These individuals are asymptomatic, but compared to their
unaffected relatives, which of the following will be decreased?
