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Public health is considered a downstream approach.
Theory in the context of health promotion does NOT
provide universal explanations for complex problems
The theory of the solution asserts that
Selected the best approach to a health issue requires applying different strategies
Answer:
at multiple levels with each affected population
Question 3
One problem with a medical approach to disease is that by starting with a medical
diagnosis, you can only change one person at a time.
Currently, public health in the United States is more focused on infectious diseases
than chronic diseases.
Despite being a world “super-power,” the United States ranks poorly – compared to
other industrialized nations – on multiple health indicators. Which statement best
explains why this is true.
What caused the shift from infectious diseases to chronic diseases from the 1800s to
now?
A and B
Secondary prevention in public health targets people who can treat the disease
and/or people who have the disease with the goal of mitigating the disease’s effects.
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Based on your understanding of this chapter, which health behavior would you
consider to be “complex”?
Quitting smoking
Distal influences demonstrate an immediate and noticeable influence on health
behaviors.
Which of the following is considered a sick-role behavior?
Selected adherence to statin (cholesterol-lowering) medication for patients
Answer:
with
cardiovascular disease
Question 11
Generally, which of the following factors can contribute to community capacity:
all of the above
Regarding condom use, women’s control over the situation with her male partner
would best be described as:
Non-volitional
Investments in medical treatment rather than prevention and escalating
rates of chronic disease.
Advocacy as a health promotion strategy is mainly focused on lobbying for universal
health care.
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A colonoscopy done on a person who is age 50 is considered a secondary preventative
measure.
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A highly complex health behavior has few components.
Health policies serve as a proximal influence on health behavior.
Theory allows for more successful and effective health interventions.
Which health behavior is frequent and repetitive, therefore potentially harder to
change/adhere to?
Maintaining a low fat, low sodium diet
A behavior that is more frequent and repetitive is more difficult to adhere to over
time.
A countywide smoking ordinance which restricts smoking in restaurants and bars
would be considered a ______ factor to changing smoking-related behavior.
Distal
The frequency of a health behavior has no impact on the difficulties of changing it.
You identify a behavior that is non-volitional. Which type of intervention are you more
likely to focus on to change that behavior?
Environmental-level
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Proximal influences are synonymous with distal influences.
An important focus of the Theory of Reasoned Action is generating intent.
Facilitating and inhibiting factors in the TPB are based on only on individual
perceptions.
What qualities does the Theory of Planned Behavior have that the Theory of
Reasoned Action lacks?
Selected An emphasis on external factors that could facilitate or impede
Answer:
behavior change
Question 29
IMB in IMB Model stands for:
The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model
Which one is not the characteristic of The Theory of Reasoned Action?
Perception of individual is not important to change one’s behavior.
The perceived behavioral control is concerned with the extent which individuals or
group of people perceive that they won’t be able to control their outcomes, which
construct negative assumptions.
According to the TRA, both attitude toward the health behavior and subjective norms
do not independently contribute to the formation of behavioral intent.
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What third construct is added to the theory of planned behavior?
Perceived behavioral control
The Theory of Reasoned Action includes a focus on perceptions about:
Social influences
In dealings with health you want to maximize outcome and maximize cost.
Health Belief Model is logical, well-articulated, and simple model that the primary
construct is indeed predicated on the basis that behavior change will occur only
when sufficient benefits remain after subtracting the costs incurred by the performing
the behavior. There are two constructs that have independent influences on health
behavior. What are those two?
Perceived threat and Expected net gain
Perceptions of environmental factors, or the actual reality of environmental barriers,
may heavily confound the translation of behavioral intent.
When a female student in high school considers becoming pregnant before
graduating she takes into account the impressions and opinions of her peers,
parents and other family and significant people. Her behavior change teeters on the
_____I_______ and her _______II_______.
I = subjective norm towards the behavior, II = motivation to comply
Unlike the health belief model, the theory of reasoned action, and the theory of
planned behavior, the information-motivation-behavioral skills model is a relatively old
modeling tool in the behavioral sciences.
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For fear appeals to be effective, the EPPM states that
both b and c
Perceived threat is actually a compound of two elementary constructs.
Which of the following is not a cue to action in the health belief model?
Barters
The fear control process described in the EPPM is similar to the coping appraisal
process from the PMT.
Value expectancy theories assume that people change their behavior based on a
mental math—that the benefits of behavior change outweigh the costs.
One’s perceptions are not important in the mental math equation; the costs and
benefits of behavior change are typically clear cut and do not vary from person to
person.
The health belief model was initially used to identify determinants of being screened
for HIV.
High perceived threat coupled with high efficacy results in a danger control response
according to the EPPM.
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Which of the following is most similar to a flight response?
smoking cessation
Which of the following is least likely to be a common modifying factor?
Height
Even though the Health Belief Model is a relatively simple tool that can easily be
applied to health promotion practice, it is often applied incorrectly. What are the
problems that HBM have?
All of the above
The Health Belief Model suggests that perceived threat is actually a compound of the
two elementary constructs of severity and susceptibility.
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