Quiz 1 chpt 1-2
1. Which of the following is usually an aim of epidemiology?
A. To predict the occurrence of disease
B. To the etiology of diseaseexplain
C. To the health status of the populationdescribe
D. All of the above
E. To control the distribution of disease
2. True or False? John Snow is credited with developing the smallpox vaccination.
3. True or False? One of William Farr's contributions to public health and epidemiology included the development
of a more sophisticated system for codifying medical conditions.
4. Which of the following activities characterizes a clinical approach (as opposed to an epidermiologic approach)?
A. Demonstration of geographic variations in disease frequency
B. Description of specific signs and symptoms in a patient
C. Description of seasonal trends in disease occurrence
D. Examination of disease occurrence among population groups
5. True or False? The study of diseases linked to harmful physical energy, such as ionizing radiation, would be
outside the scope of epidemiology.
6. True or False? The epidemiologic and clinical descriptions of a disease are different.
7. True or False? Molecular epidemiology applies the techniques of molecular biology to epidemiologic studies.
8. True or False? Environmental and occupational health problems are a specialization of epidemiology.
9. Cyclic variations in the occurrence of pneumonia and influenza mortality may reflect:
A. seasonal variations in cases of influenza.
B. the fact that influenza is a disappearing disorder.
C. long-term changes in mortality trends.
D. both A and B
10. True or False? The Framingham Heart Study, begun in 1948, pioneered research into coronary heart disease risk
factors.
11. True or False? In current thinking, the term is used only to describe outbreaks of infectious disease.epidemic
12. True or False? Most of the time, epidemiologic researchers confront a problem that has a clear etiologic basis.
13. Using epidemiology for operational research involves:
A. study of community health services
B. study of risks to the individual
C. study of disease syndromes
D. all of the above
14. True or False? An example of operations research is using epidemiology to plan the placement of health services
in a community.
15. Which form of prevention takes place after the precursors of disease interact with the host?
A. Tertiary
B. Secondary
C. Primary
D. Both A and B
16. What factors should be considered in measuring long-term changes in disease frequency over time?
A. Changes in diagnostic criteria
B. Changes in the age distribution
C. Changes in the fatal course of the condition
D. All of the above
17. The difference between primary and secondary prevention of disease is:
A. primary prevention means control of causal factors, while secondary prevention means early detection and
treatment of disease.
B. primary prevention means control of acute disease, while secondary prevention means control of chronic disease.
C. primary prevention means control of causal factors, while secondary prevention means control of symptoms.
D. primary prevention means increasing resistance to disease, while secondary prevention means decreasing
exposure to disease.
18. True or False? An important risk factor for the population is always important for the individual.
19. True or False? John Cassel argued that the agent, host, and environment triad provided an adequate explanation
for chronic diseases of non-infectious origin.
20. True or False? The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey is a continuing probability survey of physicians
who practice in public settings such as V.A. centers.
21. According to the natural history of disease model, the time before the precursors of disease and the host interact
is called the period of:
A. Prepathogenesis
B. Pathogenesis
