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1. Map activity - The early Roman Republic
Beginning in approximately 750 BCE, Rome grew from a small settlement into a republic that dominated
the Italian Peninsula and eventually the entire Mediterranean basin. From the beginning, Romans
learned much from their neighbors. As Rome expanded, it generally followed a policy of incorporating
the conquered peoples into its political system and giving them some rights, although this was not
always the case.
The map below represents the geography of the Roman Republic and the region surrounding it. On the
map, one letter corresponds to a major city (marked with a black square), another letter marks an island,
and another denotes the approximate location of a society/people. Select the label from the dropdown
that best matches the locations indicated by the letters on the map. Then answer the questions that
follow.
A map shows the Mediterranean region, tracing modern-day Italy, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, Slovenia, the parts of Western Europe and the following islands: Corsica,
Sardinia, and Sicily. An unnamed territory along the Mediterranean shores in North Africa (modern-day
Tunisia) is labeled as “A.” An island located to the west of the Italian peninsula, south of Corsica, is
marked as “B.” An unnamed city located on the coast of the Ionian Sea in southern Italy is marked as “C.”
A Numidians
B Sardinia
C Tarentum
Decide whether the following statement accurately reflects the impact the Etruscans made on Roman
society.
The Romans inherited their strong value for kingly rule from the Etruscans, but they rejected Etruscan
gods and replaced them with their own.
False
The Roman Republic's political and social features reflect the way Rome fitted into the wider ancient
Mediterranean world and explain how Rome diverged and developed into the most powerful state in the
region. Which of the following are political and social features of the Roman Republic? Check all that
apply.
The Roman Republic's political and social features reflect the way Rome fitted into the wider
ancient Mediterranean world and explain how Rome diverged and developed into the most powerful
state in the region. Which of the following are political and social features of the Roman
Republic? Check all that apply.
Decrease in population of city of Rome
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Increasing ineffectiveness of Senate
Less and less prestige for military leaders
Turn toward imperialism
Beginning in approximately 750 BCE, Rome grew from a small settlement into a republic that dominated
the Italian Peninsula and eventually the entire Mediterranean basin. From the beginning, Romans
learned much from their neighbors. As Rome expanded, it generally followed a policy of incorporating
the conquered peoples into its political system and giving them some rights, although this was not
always the case.
The map below represents the geography of the Roman Republic and the region surrounding it. On the
map, one letter corresponds to a major city (marked with a black square), another letter marks an island,
and another denotes the approximate location of a society/people. Select the label from the dropdown
that best matches the locations indicated by the letters on the map. Then answer the questions that
follow.
A map shows the Mediterranean region, tracing modern-day Italy, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, Slovenia, the parts of Western Europe and the following islands: Corsica,
Sardinia, and Sicily. An unnamed territory located to the west of Alps is labeled as “A.” An island located
to the west of the Italian peninsula, north of the island of Sardinia is marked as “B.” An unnamed city
located along the Mediterranean shores in modern-day Tunisia is marked as “C.”
A Gauls Correct
B Corsica Correct
C Carthage Correct
Points:
1 / 1
Italy's shape, which looks like a boot, provides a helpful way to orient to Italy's geographical features and
those of nearby locations. At the top of the boot of Italy was Etruria, whose people, the Etruscans, built
the civilization that preceded Rome in dominance of the peninsula and surrounding seas. To the north of
Etruria lay Gaul, whose people the ancient Italians considered barbarians. In the middle of the boot was
Latium, which was populated by Latins and dominated by the city of Rome. At the heel of the boot was
the city of Tarentum. Across the narrow channel at the toe of the boot is the island of Sicily—the largest
island in the Mediterranean and a notable Greek province in the pre-Roman period. Other major islands
in the region include Corsica and Sardinia, which lie off the west coast of Italy (Sardinia is to the south of
Corsica and is the larger of the two). Across the Mediterranean from Sicily was a stretch of North Africa
ruled by the city of Carthage, beyond which was the land of the Numidians.
Decide whether the following statement accurately reflects the impact the Etruscans made on Roman
society.
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The Romans inherited Etruscan state symbols, most notably the use of the color purple, thrones, and a
bundle of rods and an axe that signified authority.
False
Correct True
Points:
1 / 1
This statement is true. Although Rome overthrew the Etruscan king in the early sixth century BCE and set
up a republic, Romans continued to employ a number of symbols of the state and of authority that were
of Etruscan origin. For example, purple robes that had been associated with the Etruscans' monarchical
society became central to the way that Romans distinguished between elites and commoners in their
society. Further, like the Etruscans, the Romans used thrones to symbolize the power of their state
officials. Finally, the bundle of rods encircling an axe with its head protruding outward, known as a fasces
(Latin for "bundle"), was an Etruscan symbol of kingly authority that became associated with the
jurisdiction of Rome's magistrates. (The axe represented the authority to inflict the death penalty, and
the rods represented the authority to inflict corporal punishment.)
The Roman Republic's political and social features reflect the way Rome fitted into the wider ancient
Mediterranean world and explain how Rome diverged and developed into the most powerful state in the
region. Which of the following are political and social features of the Roman Republic? Check all that
apply.
Correct Denial of political power to military leaders
Correct Farmers' loss of land over time
Correct Inability to combat Carthaginian imperialism
Correct Commoners gradually gaining more political power
Points:
1 / 1
A major political development of the Roman Republic was a partially democratic system wherein the
noble, or patrician, class met in the Senate to make decisions regarding official policy. The Senate shared
power with a popular body known as the Centuriate Assembly, which could make laws, appoint
magistrates, and elect two consuls, who held certain executive powers for a one-year term. The Senate
provided advice to the Centuriate Assembly, endorsed its laws, and controlled public finances and
foreign policy. In this way, the Roman Republic in its early period could be seen as a power-sharing
arrangement between an aristocratic body (the Senate) and a popular one (the Centuriate Assembly).
The Centuriate Assembly was generally dominated by members of noble heritage, but over time, Rome's
commoners, known as plebeians, gained some political powers and were eventually allowed to form an
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assembly of their own. As Rome's constitution developed, law became the business of professional
jurists rather than priests, as had been the case at the beginning of the Republic.
However, the ascent of the Plebeian Assembly (later called the Tribal Assembly) did not end Rome's
social troubles. The marked success of the Roman Republic's turn toward imperialism (with three
victories over their rival, Carthage, and numerous conquered peoples being granted the privilege of
citizenship) brought new domestic problems. After returning from long military service, enlisted men
found themselves having to sell their farms to aristocrats who combined them into large, slave-worked
plantations known as latifundia. This radical shift led to a mass movement of landless ex-farmers to the
city of Rome. As citizenship was the basis of the Roman Republic's political system, this new vast urban
poor class could hold a degree of influence over political affairs when they acted together. Once the poor
were allowed to join armies, the powerful and popular military leaders who paid them came to exert
great influence. Over time the Senate increasingly became merely a body that endorsed the interests of
the heads of prominent patrician families.
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Critical
Thinking
Activities
-
The
Growth
of
Rome
from
Republic
to
Empire
@
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Assignment
Catalog
and
Study
Toos
Attempts}
13
Average
13/13
Rental
Options
2.
Primary
source
activity
-
The
Twelve
Tables
and
a turn
toward
empire
Ime
coerce
;
,
.,
.
Until
the
fifth
century
BCE,
Rome's
laws
were
not
written
down
but
passed
dovin
orally
among
the
patrician
class,
During
the
Struggle
of
the
Orders,
ry
the
plebeians’
first
demand
was
to
know
the
laws,
In
response,
the
Senate
appointed
a
body
of
magistrates
to
create
a
written
collection of
Roman
Poe
Cuat
ccd
laws,
which
they
did
around
450
BCE,
Much
of
the
original
text
ofthis
code,
called
the
Tivelve
Tables
because
it
vas
written
on
twelve
stone
tablets,
Manoa
has
not
survived,
however,
Read
the
descriptions
of
laws
found
in
the
Twelve
Tables
and
answer
the
question
regarding
plebelans’
ightthat
follons,
Hi
Bi
y
fi
fy
cast
ofthe
damage,
Ifa
man
wished
to
divorce
his
wie,
he
needed
to
provide
a
reason
for
doing
so,
4
my
Table
Seven
A
distance
of
two and
a
half
feet
was
to
be
left
betvieen
buildings,
Socleties
and
associations
could
form
Meerut
internal
rules
as
they
wished,
as long
as
these
did
not
breach
the
law,
A
space
of
five
feet
was
to
be
left
A
between
adjoining
fields,
Ifa
dispute
arose
over
the
boundary
between
adjoining
fields,
the
praetor
was
to
send
three
investigators
to
review
the
problem,
On
hearing
thelr
report,
he
should
decide
the
boundary,
One
Q
He
was
permitted
to
remove
a
branch
from
a
neighbor's
tree
which
overhung
one’s
property,
In fact,
one was
entitled to
remove
the
whole
tree,
The
owner
of
a
tree
was
permitted
to gather
up
fruit
which
had
fallen
onto
ou
his
neighbor's
land,
A
road
running
straight
was
to
be
eight
feet
wide,
and
where
it
curved
it
was
to
be
shvteen
feet
wide,
If@
man's
land
lay next
to
the
road,
anyone
would
be
entitled
to
drive
their
wagons
or
animals
across
it,
unless
he
enclosed
it
[with
a
hedge,
wall
or
fence
one
would
assume;
this
law
Was
most
’
Adapted
from:
The
Twelv
les,"
Illustrated
history
of the
Roman
Empire,
http://\nwniaman-empire,net/republic/tvelve-tables,html,
With
the
transition
to
living
by
the
rule
of
law,
plebelans
gained
many
rights,
Which
of
the
following
favs
from
the
Twelve
Tables
demonstrates
progress
made
or rights
gained
by
the
plebelans?
Mariage
between
paricans
and
plebelans
was
explitl
forbidden,
¥
@
If
there
were
two
conflicting
claims
by
others
over
a
man,
one
claiming
him
a
slave,
the
other
claiming
him
free,
then
in
the
absence
of
proof the
judge
(praetor)
was
to
rule
in
favour
of
freedom,
()
Ifa
woman
lived
with
a
man
fora
year,
she
was
his
in
marriage
by
usucapio,...
If
she
wished
to
avoid ths,
she
was
to
stay
absent
from
al
P
Type
hereto
seach
si
ot
Oia
nk
ee
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acs
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