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ISSUES EMERGING IN RELATION TO THE ROLE OF MATHEMATICS AND 21ST-
CENTURY SKILLS WITH TECHNOLOGY
by
Terri Jacobs
Liberty University
A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
Doctor of Philosophy
Liberty University
2025
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CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
Overview
A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the relations between
mathematics and 21st-century skills with technology. This chapter will present a review of the
existing literature related to the topic of study. The first section will discuss the sociocultural and
cognitive constructivism theories. Next, a synthesis of recent literature regarding the evolution of
technology within mathematics and the change in curriculum and technology implementation
will be addressed. Lastly, the impact of technology-based approaches on mathematics anxiety
will be reviewed. A gap in literature will be identified in 21st-century technology within
mathematics.
Theoretical Framework
Theory of Sociocultural
(Scott and Palincsar, 2013)
Theory of Cognitive Constructivism
(Brau, 2020)
Related Literature
Evolution of Technology in Education
(Atoyebi O. & Atoyebi S., 2020)
Skill Gap
(Bonfield et al., 2020; Bennett et al., 2018)
Mathematics curriculum Change
Redesign Curricula
(Bonfield et al., 2020; Rizki & Priatna, 2019)
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Teacher Design
(Bennett et al., 2018; Bosman & Schulze, 2018)
Technology Implementation
(Atoyebi, ;Hill et al., 2020; Hwang et al., 2023; Pate, 2016)
Background
(Hill & Uribe-Florez, 2020)
Technology Impact on Students
(Pate, 2016)
Impact of Technology
Online Learning
(Bonfield et al., 2020; Nitkin et al., 2022)
COVID-19
Mathematics Anxiety
(Zhang et al., 2019)
Background
(Atoyebi & Atoyebi, 2020)
Math Performance
(Zhang et al., 2019)
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Summary
When it comes to mathematics, it has been taught by hand or using different
manipulatives. Many people have developed different ways to integrate technology into the
mathematics curriculum as time passes. Many researchers have a variety of connections between
mathematics, technology, and anxiety. Using the theories of sociocultural and cognitive
constructivism will help guide and bring an understanding to the topic. A gap in the literature is
teacher design, how to implement technology into the classroom, and how to build an
understanding of the curriculum. Additionally, this will give an insight into how students will
adapt to curriculum change and their mathematics anxiety.
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Reference
Atoyebi, O. M., & Atoyebi, S. B. (2022). Do technology-based approaches reduce mathematics
anxiety? A systematic literature review. International Journal of Research and
Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS). 6(10). 502-509.
Bennett, S., Lockyer, L., & Agostinho, S. (2018). Towards sustainable technology‐enhanced
innovation in higher education: Advancing learning design by understanding and
supporting teacher design practice.DBritish Journal of Educational Technology,D49(6),
1014-1026.
Bonfield, C. A., Salter, M., Longmuir, A., Benson, M., & Adachi, C. (2020). Transformation or
evolution?: Education 4.0, teaching and learning in the digital age.DHigher education
pedagogies,D5(1), 223-246.
Bosman, A., & Schulze, S. (2018). Learning style preferences and mathematics achievement of
secondary school learners. South African Journal of Education, 38(1).
https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n1a1440
Brau, B. (2020). Constructivism.DThe Students' Guide to Learning Design and Research.
Claxton, B. L., & Dolan, C. L. (2022). Step-by-step guide to writing a literature review for
doctoral research. Kendall Hunt.
Hill, J. E., & Uribe-Florez, L. (2020). Understanding secondary school teachers' tpack and
technology implementation in mathematics classrooms.DInternational Journal of
Technology in Education,D3(1), 1-13.
Hwang, S., Flavin, E., & Lee, J. E. (2023). Exploring research trends of technology use in
mathematics education: A scoping review using topic modeling.DEducation and
Information Technologies.
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Nitkin, D., Ready, D. D., & Bowers, A. J. (2022, April). Using technology to personalize middle
school math instruction: evidence from a blended learning program in five public
schools. InDFrontiers in EducationD(Vol. 7, p. 164).
Pate, L. P. (2016). Technology implementation: impact on students’ perception and mindset.DThe
International Journal of Information and Learning Technology,D33(2), 91-98.
Rizki, L. M., & Priatna, N. (2019, February). Mathematical literacy as the 21st-century skill.
In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1157, No. 4, p. 042088). IOP Publishing.
Scott, S., & Palincsar, A. (2013). Sociocultural theory.
Zhang, J., Zhao, N., & Kong, Q. P. (2019). The relationship between math anxiety and math
performance: A meta-analytic investigation.DFrontiers in Psychology,D10, 1613.
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