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1. Scholarly source
a. Full APA reference: Hilton, J., Syed, N., Weiss, M. J., Tereshko, L., Marya, V.,
Marshall, K., Gatzunis, K., Russell, C., and Driscoll, N. (2021). Initiatives to
address, diversity, equity, and inclusion within a higher education ABA
department. Behavior and social Issues, 30(1), 58-81. DOI: 10.1007/s42822-021-
00082-y
b. Concise summary: This article was written to shed light on the effectiveness of
including diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts on campus. The author
completed this research to be sure the behavior analysis students were being
taught in a way that is culturally responsive. Additionally, they wanted to analyze
local DEI information and use it to determine goals and make positive changes
within their local community.
c. What retention/success theory did the author reference? The article indirectly
referenced Tinto’s theory of student engagement.
d. What value did the article contribute to the conversation of student success?
Studies like this are of extreme value to the student success field. This actively
looked at how to reach diverse and/or underrepresented students in an academic
setting to help them reach their ultimate goal of graduating. In terms of retention,
a more culturally competent learning environment is proven to encourage
retention amongst students of diverse backgrounds.
e. What appears to be the author’s intent in writing the article? The author
intended to prove the efficacy of culturally competent teaching and learning in
academia.
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f. Should the content of this article be recommended to help an institution increase
student success. Fully explain why or why not.
2. Informal (non-scholarly) Source
a. Full APA reference: Harlow, W. F., Olson, J. N. (2016). Improving student
retention using the basic retention strategy: A case study. Journal of Student
Success and Retention, 3(1).
https://www.jossr.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/IMPROVING-STUDENT-
RETENTION_article.pdf
b. Concise summary: As a result of a study completed at the University of Texas –
Permian basin on retention, the university put forth a conscious effort to increase
its retention starting with freshmen. Afte hiring a Dean of Undergraduate Success,
the university saw positive results immediately right away, freshman to
sophomore retention rates rose 10%.
c. What retention/success theory did the author reference? The article indirectly
referenced Tinto’s Integration Model.
d. What value did the article contribute to the conversation of student success?
This study has value in that it shows the importance of providing the proper
support and a welcoming environment.
e. What appears to be the author’s intent in writing the article? The author’s
intent was to determine sources that are negatively affecting university retention
rates and coming as close as possible to eliminating them.
f. Should the content of this article be recommended to help an institution
increase student success. Fully explain why or why not. Yes, this study should
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be included in the student success/retention conversation because actions that
were taken directly from the results had an immediately positive impact on
retention rates. The author set out to do something all researchers in this field are
looking to accomplish, and succeeded.
3. Corporate Source
a. Full APA reference: Child, F., Frank, M., Law, J., & Sarakatsannis, J. (2023, June
7). What do higher education students want from online learning? McKinsey &
Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/public-sector/our-insights/what-
do-higher-education-students-want-from-online-learning
b. Concise summary of the article: The pandemic that began in 2020 invited more
online learning opportunities than in previous years, since then the number of
online opportunities has remained a popular option. Students have high esteem for
the flexibility and convenience of online learning, but struggle with the issues of
discipline and motivation. The article tells us that student priorities include course
structure and faculty relevance as well and that if institutions are to be successful,
they need to address those issues.
c. What retention/success theory did the author reference? The article
referenced Tinto’s model of student retention. The model essentially says that
students who feel supported are more likely to return and finish, which is the goal.
d. What value did the article contribute to the conversation of student success?
The article contributes to the conversation of student success by encouraging
institutions to address and manage the elements of online learning that students
deem important.
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e. What appears to be the author’s intent in writing the article? The author’s
intent in writing the article was to highlight the change in dynamic between in-
person, online, and hybrid learning and to determine what students find important
within their academic careers so that institutions can take that information and
tailor the student experience towards that.
f. Should the content of this article be recommended to help an institution
increase student success. Fully explain why or why not. Yes, I think the content
of this article should be recommended to help an institution increase student
success. As an online student, I know I am not getting the same amount of care
and attention that the in-person students are receiving; however, I also do not feel
ignored because Liberty does a great job of keeping us involved and informed. It
is my experience that not all institutions are currently able to do that and it is a
very important part of the learning experience so it is in their best interest to get it
right while they still can.
4. Government Source
a. Full APA reference: Biden-Harris Administration to Create New National
Recognition Program for Institutions that Increase Economic Mobility. (2024,
April 24). U.S. Department of Education. https://www.ed.gov/about/news/press-
release/biden-harris-administration-create-new-national-recognition-program
b. Concise summary of the article: As part of the Raise the Bar initiative, it has
been recommended that there be a Postsecondary Student Success Recognition
Program to support institutions while they support their students. The program
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will take into consideration the institutions who are supporting underrepresented
students and students from lower income families.
c. What retention/success theory did the author reference? The article is most
related to Astin’s Theory of Involvement. Because the program includes career
coaching, it provides what can be described as holistic support which is most
likely to keep students actively involved.
d. What value did the article contribute to the conversation of student success?
The article adds value to the conversation of student success because it promotes
the holistic approach of support and encourages full student participation.
e. What appears to be the author’s intent in writing the article? The purpose of
the article is to promote awareness of the program, increase support of the Biden-
Harris Administration, and highlight social mobility.
f. Should the content of this article be recommended to help an institution
increase student success. Fully explain why or why not. No, I do not think this
article should be recommended to help any institution increase student success. I
do not see where it would help others in the grand scheme of student
retention/success. This is not to say I think it was a pointless article; I just do not
think a program suggestion has enough value to help a struggling institution.
5. Non-Profit Source
a. Full APA reference: How a customized data management tool can drive
enrollment historically black colleges. (n.d.). Partnership for Education
Advancement. https://edadvancement.org/news/how-a-customized-data-
management-tool-can-drive-enrollment-historically-black-colleges/
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b. Concise summary: The Partnership for Education Advancement built a customer
relationship management (CRM) system designed specifically for Historically
Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) to help them manage their student
relationships. The CRM tracks and manages the student experience from their
perspective in the hopes of giving the institution the opportunity to step in and
make positive changes for the students’ benefit.
c. What retention/success theory did the author reference? This article relates to
Bean’s Model of Student Attrition. Using a CRM database to track the satisfaction
and engagement of students throughout their academic careers can help
institutions interject at times of low satisfaction or engagement across campus.
d. What value did the article contribute to the conversation of student success?
The biggest thing this article contributes to the conversation of student success is
its highlight on data-driven tools for retention. The CRM system created is
potentially a game-changer for institutions who are struggling to determine when,
in their academic careers, students are falling off and becoming unhappy.
e. What appears to be the author’s intent in writing the article? The author’s
intent in writing the article is to provide a solution to the age-old problem of
exploring the mind of a college student. Additionally, it advocates for the use of
their specific CRM which has been proven to increase retention and success.
f. Should the content of this article be recommended to help an institution
increase student success. Fully explain why or why not. Yes, the content of this
article should be recommended to help an institution increase student success
because the CRM it’s promoting was designed to do just that.
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