Question 12pts
Tyra, age 3, is visiting relatives with her family and encounters their very
large dog for the first time. She is anxious, but her older cousin smiles and
pets the affectionate dog, saying "See, Tyra, Nana is a nice dog." What
method is the cousin using to help Tyra?
Group of answer choices
shaping
punishment
habituation
modeling
$
Flag question: Question 2
Question 22pts
Elsa berates a coworker for making a mistake and later finds out that
another coworker actually made the mistake. Elsa shrugs it off, saying that
the coworker she berated had made similar mistakes in the past. What
defense mechanism is Elsa using?
Group of answer choices
regression
sublimation
rationalization
reaction formation
$
Flag question: Question 3
Question 32pts
Moral treatment involved
Group of answer choices
herbal remedies that may have been toxic.
fighting social inequities.
encouraging purposeful activities.
frightening the individual.
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Flag question: Question 4
Question 42pts
An advocate for biological approaches would suggest which of the following
treatments for depression?
Group of answer choices
antidepressant medication
psychotherapy
relaxation therapy
hypnosis
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Flag question: Question 5
Question 52pts
Which type of therapy emphasizes the importance of current relationships in
a person's life and how problems in these relationships can contribute to
psychological symptoms?
Group of answer choices
cognitive behavior therapy
interpersonal therapy
behavioral activation therapy
psychoanalytic therapy
$
Flag question: Question 6
Question 62pts
Transcription is the process by which a code for a protein is transferred from
Group of answer choices
DNA to RNA.
DNA to genes.
RNA to DNA.
genes to DNA.
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Flag question: Question 7
Question 72pts
A CNV occurs at the level of the
Group of answer choices
gene.
chromosome.
phenotype.
peptide.
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Flag question: Question 8
Question 82pts
__________ is the idea that a person can, without being aware of it, be
influenced by prior learning.
Group of answer choices
Complicit memory
Implicit memory
Subconscious learning
Conscious remembrance
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Flag question: Question 9
Question 92pts
DSM-5 is an example of which approach to classification?
Group of answer choices
categorical
dimensional
quantitative
atheoretical
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Flag question: Question 10
Question 102pts
Intelligence tests are used in the diagnosis of
Group of answer choices
personality disorders.
learning disorders.
mood disorders.
psychotic disorders.
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Flag question: Question 11
Question 112pts
Awareness of stereotypes tends to develop
Group of answer choices
in late infancy.
between ages 6 and 10.
in early adolescence.
between ages 4 and 5.
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Flag question: Question 12
Question 122pts
Joe's therapist asks him to keep a log of everything he eats as part of a
weight-loss program. This is an example of the behavioral assessment
technique of
Group of answer choices
self-monitoring.
self-report inventory.
direct observation.
cognitive observation.
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Flag question: Question 13
Question 132pts
PET and MRI are specific types of
Group of answer choices
projective tests.
personality inventories.
neuropsychological tests.
brain-imaging methods.
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Flag question: Question 14
Question 142pts
Dr. Bradley has been conducting a case study of Brenda P., a woman with
dissociative identity disorder. Which of the following statements by Dr.
Bradley is a misuse of the case study method?
Group of answer choices
"Brenda, a woman with dissociative identity disorder, was sexually abused as
a child. Therefore, all individuals with multiple personality disorder must
have been abuse victims."
"Since Brenda was not sexually abused, the theory that all dissociation is
caused by sexual abuse may not be universally true."
"Brenda was sexually molested as a child. This leads me to hypothesize that
perhaps other individuals with dissociative identity disorder were molested
as children."
"Although Brenda was not sexually abused as a child, her diagnosis of
dissociative identity disorder is still appropriate."
$
Flag question: Question 15
Question 152pts
You hypothesize that being from an impoverished family causes poor school
grades. You find that the correlation between family income and school
grades is .01. What can you conclude?
Group of answer choices
You should have used a case study.
Your hypothesis is probably correct.
There is very little relationship between family income and school grades.
It is likely that poor school grades lead to low income.
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Flag question: Question 16
Question 162pts
Dr. Wilhelm randomly assigned 50 depressed patients (half women and half
men) to two groups for treatment. One group received medication and the
other received cognitive therapy. Ratings of the depression level of the
patients were taken before and after treatment. The rating of patients'
depression level is the
Group of answer choices
dependent variable.
confound variable.
third variable.
independent variable.
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Flag question: Question 17
Question 172pts
The inclusion of a control group
Group of answer choices
always makes a study internally valid.
is among the criteria for a design to be considered an experiment.
can never be done ethically when examining the effectiveness of therapy.
usually precludes the use of double-blinding.
$
Flag question: Question 18
Question 182pts
A genetic explanation of schizophrenia would be supported by which of the
following findings?
Group of answer choices
A higher concordance exists between DZ twins than between MZ twins.
MZ twins reared apart are likely to share the disorder.
First-degree relatives of someone with schizophrenia are less likely to have
schizophrenia than third-degree relatives.
Individuals raised in impoverished families are more likely to be diagnosed
with schizophrenia than those raised in wealthy families.
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Flag question: Question 19
Question 192pts
Panic attacks
Group of answer choices
occur only in people with panic disorder, by definition.
can occur in people who do not have panic disorder.
occur with greatest frequency among people with schizophrenia.
occur primarily in people with agoraphobia.
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Flag question: Question 20
Question 202pts
Which approach is more cost-effective than medication in the treatment of
social anxiety disorder?
Group of answer choices
progressive muscle relaxation
CBT
in vivo sensitization
group psychotherapy
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Flag question: Question 21
Question 212pts
Internet-based CBT for individuals with anxiety disorders produces
Group of answer choices
only brief improvement.
an initial worsening of symptoms.
no meaningful improvement.
significant improvement.
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Flag question: Question 22
Question 222pts
The two types of medications most commonly used to treat anxiety are
Group of answer choices
mood stabilizers and antidepressants.
antidepressants and benzodiazepines.
benzodiazepines and anticonvulsants.
anticonvulsants and beta-blockers.
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Flag question: Question 23
Question 232pts
An individual with compulsions related to decontamination might
Group of answer choices
check repeatedly to make sure the water was turned off.
ask people to wash their hands before entering his or her home.
touch the hands together over and over.
make sure that all first-aid supplies are properly arranged.
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Flag question: Question 24
Question 242pts
People with hoarding disorder
Group of answer choices
are unaware of the severity of the problem.
want help in dealing with their hoard.
usually have strong social support.
rarely have other psychological disorders.
$
Flag question: Question 25
Question 252pts
Which of the following symptoms is included in the DSM-5 criteria for
hoarding disorder?
Group of answer choices
perceiving flaws in the appearance of the home
difficulty discarding items regardless of their value
at least one criminal justice referral for hoarding behavior
difficulty in family relationships due to hoarding
The best evidence supporting a genetic component to different disorders stems from
b. studies of twins reared apart
Which of the following correlation coefficient values demonstrates the highest degree of
correlation?
a. -1.00
According to behavior genetics research,
a. non-shared experiences have much more to do with mental illness than shared experiences.
The DSM-5 is organized according to
d. both a and b.
The best definition of mental disorder takes all of the following into account EXCEPT:
d. syndromes
Jackson appears to have social phobia. This diagnosis was made by looking at his scores on a
particular measure of social fear. Scores like his in the past have been shown to be related to
social phobia, and also correlated with a variety of measures of social and occupational disability
associated with social phobia. The measure Jackson took would be said to have
a. high construct validity
Some critics of the DSM-5 believe that
b. the DSM-5 has pathologized too many problems without justification
The difference between anxiety and fear is that
c. anxiety is apprehension over an anticipated problem, while fear is defined as a response to immediate
danger
One way in which the DSM-5 differs from DSM-IV-TR is that the DSM-5
b. makes OCD and trauma related disorders their own category
Which research design is illustrated by the following? A therapist gathers data showing that,
repeatedly, a patient is better on days his wife visits and worse on days when she does not.
b. correlational method
One would expect items on a depression assessment measure to have
c. internal consistency reliability
A CNV is an abnormal copy of one or more sections of DNA. They occur due to all of the following
EXCEPT:
d. multiplication of copies
Which of the following is NOT an example of diathesis?
b. Delusions often found in people with schizophrenia
The principal cognitive explanation for the etiology of agoraphobia is the
c. fear-of fear hypothesis
Women are more likely to be diagnosed with anxiety disorders because they are more
c. more willing to report their symptoms
You are relying on a dimensional classification scheme and work with individuals who struggle
with delusions. Your diagnoses are going to be based upon the ____________of delusions.
d. severity
Extreme response to a severe stressor that includes increased anxiety, avoidance of stimuli
associated with an event, and symptoms of increased arousal are symptoms of which disorder?
b. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Exorcism was used on people who demonstrated odd behavior because:
c. strange behavior was believed to be caused by possessions
Culture shapes all of the following EXCEPT:
d. etiology of the symptoms
The main criterion that differentiates Generalized Anxiety Disorder in children from the disorder
in adult is
a. the number of symptoms that must be present
The most common disorder comorbid with anxiety disorders is
d. major depression
Edna does not currently have panic disorder. However, she cannot leave her house and had
required home sessions when she began therapy. It is likely, that
a. Edna has agoraphobia, but does not meet criteria for panic disorder
Which research method would be most useful in generating hypotheses about the cause of a
newly discovered, rare abnormality?
a. case study
Dr. Kline classified her patients according to hair color. Some were classified as blonde, some
brunette, and some red haired. This classification is an example of a
c. categorical classification
"Approximately 1500 new cases of AIDS were diagnosed in 1988 in Chicago." This is an example of
the estimate of the __________ of AIDS
b. incidence
The best definition of mental disorder takes all of the following into account EXCEPT:
d. syndromes
Contemporary views on genetic and environmental factors in behavior emphasize that
c. both factors influence each other.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of stigma?
b. a label applied to a group of people that breaks the law
A common method assessing neurotransmitters is
a. analyzing metabolites.
The fear circuit that is particularly important in explaining panic disorder is called the
a. locus coeruleus
According to the DSM-5, all of the following are symptoms of ASD EXCEPT:
b. all of these are symptoms of ASD.
According to the diathesis-stress model, if Linda inherited a predisposition that places her at high
risk for schizophrenia,
a. given a certain amount of stress, it is likely she will develop schizophrenia.
Intrusive, irrational and unwanted thoughts are called
c. obsessions
Hippocrates’ early views on mental health contributed to an enduring emphasis on
a. natural causes
People who compulsively check their appearance and spend countless hours staring at themselves
in the mirror will likely be diagnosed as having
b) body dysmorphic disorder
What percentage of people who develop PTSD have a history of an anxiety disorder
d. 66%
Studies of psychopathology among different cultures and ethnicities have shown that eating
disorders are more common among _____, while schizophrenia is more common among ___.
c. Caucasians; African-Americans
A genotype is illustrated by which of the following?
a. Kim's unexpressed gene for sickle cell
Which of the following might buffer someone against developing an anxiety disorder?
d) both a and b
Which of the following scientific methods uses random assignment?
a. experiment
