When it comes to sexual dysfunctions, there are ten different disorders. These disorders
can happen to both men and women in a variety of ways. The disorders in the category are listed
as; delayed ejaculation, erectile disorder, female orgasmic disorder, female sexual
interest/arousal disorder, genito-perlvic pain/penetration disorder, male hypoactive sexual desire
disorder, premature ejaculation, substance/medication-induced sexual dysfunction, other
specified sexual dysfunction, and unspecified sexual dysfunction.
In delayed ejaculation, there must be a delay, infrequency, or absence of ejaculation. This
delay must go on longer than the average orgasm which is reported to mean it takes longer than
four to ten minutes, though there is really no consensus on what is reasonable. These symptoms
must last for at least 6 months.
Erectile disorder exists when a male can’t get an erection or maintain an erection during
sexual activity. These symptoms must occur for at least six months before the disorder can be
diagnosed but can either be lifelong or acquired over time.
The prevalence rate for female orgasmic disorder is 8% to 72% of premenopausal
women. These women have a delay, infrequency, absence, or reduced intensity of orgasms. This
disorder can be lifelong or acquired, it can also occur in the form of never experiencing an orgasm.
Female sexual interest/arousal disorder consists of symptoms such as; a lack of sexual
interest or arousal, reduced sexual thoughts, unreceptive to initiation of sexual advances. It can be
mild, moderate, or severe dependent on how the symptoms are portrayed. Roughly 30% of
females experience a chronic low desire for sex.
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Another female disorder is genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder. This disorder causes
pain with or in anticipation of penetration. This is a common occurrence in United Stated women
as 10-28% of women feel pain with penetration.
Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder occurs when a man has consistent sexual
thoughts. In this situation, a person thinks more about sexual activities than their desire for sex
itself. This only occurs in roughly 3-17% of men.
Finally, premature ejaculation occurs when ejaculation takes place within the first minute
of vaginal penetration. This is a disorder that affects individuals of all ages and is a common
occurrence in 8-30% of men.
Sexual disorders are prevalent in both men and women and they are something that are
very common.
Feeding and eating disorders are a serious problem. There are eight disorders listed; pica,
rumination disorder, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa,
binge-eating disorder, other specified feeding or eating disorder, and unspecified feeding or eating
disorder.
Pica and rumination are both fairly uncommon. Pica must last for a month and consists of
eating nonnutritive, nonfood substances. This must be inappropriate developmentally and not due
to culture. Pica is seen more in school-aged children and pregnant women. Rumination disorder
exists when an individual regurgitates food, said food can be re-chewed, re-swallowed, or spit out.
Rumination is occurs in roughly 1-2% of children and intellectually disabled individuals.
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder is a disorder that occurs when an individual has
a lack of interest in food. This lack of interest in food can lead to significant weight loss and
nutritional deficiencies, among other things. There cannot be a lack of food that causes the
avoidant or restrictive behaviors.
Anorexia nervosa, much like avoidant/restrictive, is a restrictive disorder. It stops food
intake and leads to a significantly low body weight that can be extremely dangerous or even
fatal. In this disorder, there is a fear of gaining weight. To be considered anorexic, an individuals
BMI must be below 17kg/m2.
When a person binge eats a large amount of food and may feel out of control, it can be
considered bulimia nervosa. This is only considered bulimia nervosa if there are behaviors that
battle weight gain such as self-induced vomiting, using laxatives, and other means. BMI does not
play a role in this disorder and an individual can be of any shape or size to have it. If a person does
not counter their binge eating, the disorder is just called binge eating.
Gender dysphoria is disorder that we are seeing more of in the current days. It can be
classified as someone’s experienced and assigned genders not aligning. In instances like this, we
see multiple outcomes.
First, we see individuals cross-dress. This may be experienced as cross-dressing daily or
at events like drag-shows. When a person cross-dresses in their daily life, they may not be ready,
or even want to, fully transition to another gender. Then, there are individuals who are
transgender. In this situation, a person who is born a man, surgically becomes a female and vice
versa. These individuals feel a gender dysphoria until they feel that they are in their own skin.
There are individuals who are non-binary which means they aren’t comfortable as the gender they
were born but not by any other gender either, in these situations, these individuals go by
they/them. There are more parts of gender dysphoria, this is only a small makeup, but it’s
important to see what it consists of.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual
of mental disorders (5th ed., text
rev.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787
