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Joshua Anderson
Liberty University
BUSI 650: Operations Management
Integrative Learning Project: Annotated Bibliography
Dr. Robert Timmons
September 17, 2023
Ahmed, A., Page, J., & Olsen, J. (2020). Enhancing Six Sigma methodology using simulation
techniques: Literature review and implications for future research. International Journal of
Lean Six Sigma, 11(1), 211-232. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLSS-03-2018-0033
The use of simulations to determine where failures may occur is a great way to work to eliminate
issues before they even occur. In an industry like banking, simulations allow for systems analysts
to discover bugs in code that might not be discovered prior to the deployment of that code. If
they are not discovered, users might be the ones who stumble upon the error in real time. When
that occurs, the reputational risk of the bank comes into full view. Therefore, it is vital that the
issue be discovered beforehand. In the TCC, simulations are also used to discover issues that
might arise in applications that are already in production. These simulations are used to stem
ongoing issues, so they do not spiral out of control.
Alblooshi, M., Shamsuzzaman, M., Karim, A., Haridy, S., Shamsuzzoha, A., & Badar, M. A.
(2022). Development of a framework for utilising Lean Six Sigma’s intangible impacts in
creating organisational innovation climate. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 14(2),
397–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijlss-08-2020-0117
The implementation of a Lean Six Sigma model would do multiple things for the Technology
Command Center. From a financial standpoint, the Lean portion eliminates waste in the TCC.
With the introduction of certain automation, the headcount within the group has become bloated.
Shrinking the workforce allows for cost savings that can immediately be felt. Additionally, with
the introduced automation, the number of unnecessary errors will begin to fall. As this is all
going on, additional innovation can occur, thereby reducing future issues before they occur.
Correcting issues in a more expedient manner saves the bank from both financial and
reputational risks.
Biswas, A., Jaiswal, D. and Kant, R. (2022), "Investigating service innovation, bank reputation
and customer trust: evidence from Indian retail banking", International Journal of Quality
and Service Sciences, Vol. 14 No. 1, pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-03-2021-0042
To grow the reputation of the bank, customer trust and customer satisfaction, which are linked,
mush grow accordingly. In order to do this, the perceived service innovations that the bank must
provide must line up with or exceed what other banks are offering. When a client perceives that
they are getting the biggest return for their dollar, they are more likely to continue investing their
money into that institution. It is only when the client no longer feels that they are getting the
service that they feel they deserve do they start searching out a new provider. It is at this point
that their trust and satisfaction begin to fade away. It is almost too late at that point and the client
will begin their search for new service.
Fadli, M., Modding, B., Mapparenta, Ramlawati, & Zakari, J. (2023). The influence of work
motivation, emotional intelligence, and competence on occupation satisfaction through
work achievement in the Library Service in south sulawes. International Journal of
Professional Business Review, 8(6).
https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i6.2306
Keeping bank operations going around the clock can be a difficult task. It is important, then, to
make sure that the employees that are there across all shifts are motivated to do just that. It is
essential that these employees stay motivated to do their job and it is, by extension, the
management team’s responsibility to provide that motivation. For many employees, it can be as
simple as providing a steady paycheck. For others, though, motivation can come in many other
forms. Managers are tasked to discover what each of their employees needs to keep them
operating optimally. When this occurs, the job will get done and customer satisfaction will rise,
and they will eventually become repeat customers.
John, B., & Kadadevaramath, R. S. (2020). Improving the resolution time performance of an
application support process using Six sigma methodology. International Journal of Lean
Six Sigma, 11(4), 663–686. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijlss-10-2018-0108
Within the Technology Command Center, the most important role is assisting in the recovery of
applications that have failed in a production environment. In knowing the essentials to each
specific application that is having an issue, the resolution times for the applications can drop
significantly. This reduction in outage time for these applications can, by association, reduce the
outage time for other applications because there are more resources to complete all levels of
troubleshooting. As knowledge is obtained for each application, the likelihood of repeated
failures will decrease and the uptime will meet the pre-determined parameters set forth by
management.
Jolly, P. M., & Lee, L. (2020). Silence is not golden: Motivating employee voice through
inclusive leadership. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 45(6), 1092–1113.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348020963699
Providing customer value starts with the employee. Often, an employee knows what the
customer wants and has an idea of how to provide for that need. If it falls outside of the normal
parameters of the business, it can be difficult to provide for that need. Therefore, it is important
that management allows the employee to be able to come to them with ideas on how to change
the standard operating procedures. When management gives the employee a say in how things
are run, the employees are motivated to do a better job both for their customers as well as for
their fellow employees. This new motivation can take a team to new heights, allowing for the
team to shine.
Kacarski, A., & Kovachevski, D. (2019). INTERNAL MARKETING INFLUENCE ON
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND SERVICE QUALITY IN MACEDONIAN
COMPANIES. Management Research and Practice, 11(4), 11–22.
https://doi.org/https://go.openathens.net/redirector/liberty.edu?
url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/internal-marketing-influence-on-
organizational/docview/2328701987/se-2
In an organization as large as Truist, it is important that internal customers know who to reach
out to in certain situations. Additionally, it is important that they know when they do reach out to
those groups that they are going to be assisted both in an expediated manner as well as being
helped with excellent service. Therefore, it is important for the management team of the
Technology Command Center (TCC) to provide internal marketing to everyone within Truist so
that they understand that no matter the issue, the analysts within the TCC is willing and able to
help them no matter the time of day or severity of the issue. When proper internal marketing is
done, groups will feel more comfortable with each passing event.
Kolasińska-Morawska K, Sułkowski Ł, Buła P, Brzozowska M, Morawski P. Smart Logistics—
Sustainable Technological Innovations in Customer Service at the Last-Mile Stage: The
Polish Perspective. Energies. 2022; 15(17):6395. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176395
It is in the “last mile” where providing customer service is key. Clients might not see where
different support groups are doing their work to keep something as essential as Online Banking
running without interruption. Instead, when an outage occurs, it is in that last portion that the
customer only notices. Therefore, it is important to have employees trained to make sure that any
outage can be met with an understanding that can be passed on to customers whose complaints
need to be heard. Additionally, these same employees need to be trained to go back to the
employees and let them know what could be adjusted to bring increased client satisfaction.
Koppel, S., & Chang, S. (2021). MDAIC – a Six Sigma implementation strategy in big data
environments. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 12(2), 432-449.
https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLSS-12-2019-0123
In an organization like Truist Bank, the amount of data that is available for analysis is staggering.
It is important, therefore, to implement the framework of Six Sigma to better serve the customer.
There can be hundreds of variables available to study to determine in what direction the bank
should move to better serve the public. When implementing this strategy, items can be narrowed
down and analysts within the bank can focus on what best serves those customers. When this
happens, the vast majority of the clientele will ultimately be satisfied and the stakeholders in the
bank will be greatly rewarded.
Onoriode, O. H., & Samuel, A. P. (2023). Do leadership structure and Team Trust Drive
Organisational Performance? empirical approach. International Journal of Professional
Business Review, 8(7). https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i7.2546
Within the Technology Command Center, there is a defined leadership structure that has carried
the group to a certain level of performance. This structure has been in place for much of the past
decade and has served the team well. Management has been open to the ideas of the teammates
to improve processes in the past that have created new opportunities for the team to grow.
Unfortunately, in the past 12-18 months, things have shifted. With the introduction of new
members of management, ideas that were discussed in the past are now being unilaterally
implemented. The trust that had been built between managers and teammates has decreased and
the quality of work has decreased proportionally.
Sahni, J. (2019). Role of quality of work life in determining employee engagement and
organizational commitment in Telecom Industry. International Journal for Quality
Research, 13(2), 285–300. https://doi.org/10.24874/ijqr13.02-03
Coming out of the Covid-19 pandemic, one of the most significant realizations that has been
made by the workforce, in general, is the fact that their work-life balance has become much more
important to them. Employees in the Technology Command Center are no exception to this.
Technology is constantly in a state of change. It is important that each employee keeps up with
this change to be effective. At the same time, this causes an extra level of stress. To curtail that
stress, it is essential that employees balance their workload out with their personal lives. When
they do, studies have shown that ultimately, they are more engaged both at work and at home. In
both instances, this improves both situations. When the employee is satisfied in more aspects of
their lives, they will become better employees and the organization stands to gain in the end.
Shankar, A., & Jebarajakirthy, C. (2019). The influence of e-banking service quality on customer
loyalty: A moderated mediation approach. [Influence of EBSQ on customer loyalty] The
International Journal of Bank Marketing, 37(5), 1119-1142. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-
03-2018-0063
One of the main focuses of the Technology Command Center is providing optimal service for all
things digital for Truist Bank. Because of the trend of banking customers moving away from the
traditional branch model to doing all of their banking online and with their mobile devices, it has
become even more important for the TCC to do their job with the best effort possible. Studies
have shown that client loyalty to their banking institution is directly related to how well their
service is provided. With even the slightest interruption in service, many clients will begin to
search for a bank that will meet their needs.
Shamsi, M. A., & Alam, A. (2018). Exploring Lean Six Sigma implementation barriers in
Information Technology industry. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 9(4), 523-542.
https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLSS-06-2017-0054
It is important when implementing Six Sigma fundamentals in an organization to have
parameters to strive for in order to improve. Within the field of Information Technology, those
parameters can sometimes be hard to define. Yes, there is certain definitions, such as uptime and
speed of service, but quality measures are more difficult to define. The variables that come into
play for end users can change on a user-by-user basis. Therefore, it is vital for management to set
out a defined list of goals that the team needs to reach, no matter what the customer might think.
Having expertise in the field allows for those parameters to be set.
Yang-Fei, T., Wang, Y., & Ching-Ching, L. (2021). Technology- or human-related service
innovation? Enhancing customer satisfaction, delight, and loyalty in the hospitality
industry. Service Business, 15(4), 667-694. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-021-00461-w
Covid-19 was a delineation point for many industries, including banking. Prior to the pandemic,
clients were slowly migrating to more hands-off, digital ways of doing things but were still
comfortable with going into a branch to do manty services. After being isolated and forced to
perform just about every action online, the branch is heading towards extinction. With this, the
era of proper customer service, face-to-face interactions, is becoming a thing of the past. It is
important, then for organizations such as the TCC to step up their efforts to provide quality
service no matter how it occurs. In person customer interactions will continue to be a rarity for
the foreseeable future.
Zhang, W., & Wilson, A. (2023). From self-regulated learning to computer-delivered integrated
speaking testing: Does monitoring always monitor?. Frontiers in psychology, 14, 1028754.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1028754
Budgets are always tight at any business and that is not an exception at Truist. There has been a
push, particularly since the Covid-19 pandemic, to replace teammates with different forms of
automation and Artificial Intelligence. This has typically occurred within centers that perform
routine and repetitive tasks. By instituting these forms of automation, the expected result is that
defects that may have been seen with a human operator will drop significantly, thereby making
the ideals of Six Sigma a reality within the bank. It is important, though, to realize that no
automation is perfect from the start. Computers must “learn” from their own mistakes and that is
only possible through proper programming. No amount of self-monitoring will work if the
program is not taught correctly. If the monitoring sees an error as correct, it will continue treat it
as such and that mistake will become ingrained in its programming.
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