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Busi 240 lecture notes professor knowles
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According to Carl Jung, making decisions consists of what two competing processes?
Thinking and feeling
___ is the relatively stable pattern of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that
characterize an individual.
Personality
The four quadrants of Schwartz's values circumplex are openness to change,
self-transcendence, conservation, and ______.
self-enhancement
Which of the following would be classified as "nature" influences on our personality?
Characteristics that you have inherited from your parents
Executives of a company believe that laying off 15% of its workforce will help it stay in
business long term and protect the remaining jobs in the company. Such an action is
most consistent with which ethical principle?
Utilitarianism
The model that suggests that personality can be categorized across five abstract
dimensions is known as ______.
the five-factor model (FFM)
True or false: A person who scores the highest on all of the Big Five personality factors
should be considered the best employee.
False
What is the term for the cluster of three socially undesirable personality traits
(Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy)?
Dark Triad
Which of the following traits are common among narcissists?
Grandiose, inflated self-view
Excessive need for attention
Intensely envious of others
An employee who is most comfortable if there are rules, policies, and procedures in
place that dictate how jobs are supposed to be done would likely have a high ______.
uncertainty avoidance
True or false: A limitation of cross-cultural research is that several studies incorrectly
assumed that people in a specific country or geographic region share similar values.
True
People believe some values are more important than others and thus have a hierarchy
of preferences, known as ______.
a value system
True or false: People who have stimulation at the top of their values hierarchy should
seek a job that is predictable and stable.
False
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Busi 240 lecture notes professor knowles
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How similar a person's values hierarchy is to the values hierarchy of the organization, a
coworker, or another source of comparison is known as values ______.
congruence
______ refers to our genetic or hereditary origins, whereas ______ is the result of our
life experiences and interaction with our environment.
Nature; nurture
What is the attribute common among effective leaders that refers to a person's ethical
standards?
Integrity
Four types of ethical principles commonly identified are individual rights, distributive
justice, ethic of care, and ______.
utilitarianism
The moral intensity of an action is higher when ______.
many people are affected by the action
___ are intended to motivate and guide employee behavior and signal the importance of
ethical conduct.
Ethics codes
People who have an obsessive belief in their superiority and entitlement are considered
_____
narcissists
A society that has a group orientation and emphasizes the interdependence of people
has a high degree of:
collectivism
______ refers to the degree that people are willing to accept an unequal distribution of
power within a society or organization.
Power distance
A society that values professions such as teaching, social work, and nursing would
likely be considered to have an achievement - ______ orientation.
nurturing
Students at a university are required to affix the following statement to each assignment
they submit for grading: "I pledge on my honor that I have not given, received, or
witnessed any unauthorized aid to this or any other paper." This statement is intended
to ______ the connection between personal values and behavior.
reinforce
True or false: Typical personality profiles vary across regions of the United States.
True
Which of the following is a quadrant in Schwartz's values circumplex?
Conservation
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Busi 240 lecture notes professor knowles
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Andre tends to be an imaginative, "big picture" person. He sees the world in terms of
impressions rather than facts and relies on his interpretations of what is happening.
Which MBTI dimension or orientation does this describe?
Intuitive
The "Big Five" dimensions are: conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to
experience, extraversion, and______
Agreeableness
Studies of the Five-Factor Model have shown that the relationship between personality
and performance is often ___.
nonlinear
Which of the following make up the dark triad of socially undesirable personality traits?
Narcissism
Psychopathy
Machiavellianism
Tawanda values team harmony and high levels of collaboration. She does not care for
hierarchical organizational structures and instead believes employees should be treated
as equals. Her employer does not have managers or middle managers and instead has
teams. Tawanda's team members hold equal power, and each member believes in the
team's goals. Considering values congruence, which of the following statements about
Tawanda and her job are true?
Tawanda is likely to feel loyal toward her team members.
Tawanda is likely to have high job satisfaction.
To better understand business ethics, it is important to consider four distinct types of
ethical principles: utilitarianism, individual rights, ethic of care, and ______ justice.
distributive
People who value personal freedom, self-sufficiency, and control over their own lives
have high ______.
individualism
The model that attempts to organize values into clusters in a circular model is referred
to as the ______.
Values Circumplex
Which of the following describes an employee from a culture with a high power
distance?
He expects superiors to make decisions with little input from employees.
