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Concepts and Terms [ BUSI 240 - Document Five]
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Concepts and Terms
BUSI 240
Document Five
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Concepts and Terms [ BUSI 240 - Document Five]
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Conscientiousness
a personality dimension describing people who are organized, dependable, goal-focused,
thorough, disciplined, methodical, and industrious
Counterproductive Work Behaviors (CWBs)
voluntary behaviors that have the potential to directly or indirectly harm the organization
Extraversion
a personality dimension describing people who are outgoing, talkative, sociable, and assertive
Five-Factor (Big Five) Model (FFM)
the five broad dimensions representing most personality traits: conscientiousness, emotional
stability, openness to experience, agreeableness, and extraversion
Individualism
a cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture emphasize independence
and personal uniqueness
Mindfulness
a person's receptive and impartial attention to and awareness of the present situation as well as to
one's own thoughts and emotions in that moment
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Moral Intensity
the degree to which an issue demands the application of ethical principles
Moral Sensitivity
a person's ability to recognize the presence of an ethical issue and determine its relative
importance
Motivation
the forces within a person that affects his or her direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary
behavior
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
an instrument designed to measure the elements of Jungian personality theory, particularly
preferences regarding perceiving and judging information
Neuroticism
a personality dimension describing people who tend to be anxious, insecure, self-conscious,
depressed, and temperamental.
Openness to Experience
a personality dimension describing people who are imaginative, creative, unconventional,
curious, nonconforming, autonomous, aesthetically perceptive
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Organizational Citizenship Behaviors
various forms of cooperation and helpfulness to others that support the organizations social and
psychological context
Personality
the relatively enduring pattern of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize a person,
along with the psychological processes behind those characteristics.
Power Distance
a cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture accept unequal
distribution of power in a society
Role Perceptions
the degree to which a person understands the job duties assigned to or expected from him or her
Task Performance
the individuals voluntary goal-directed behaviors that contribute to organizational objectives
Values
relatively stable, evaluative beliefs that guide a person's preferences for the outcomes or courses
of action in a variety of situations
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Uncertainty Avoidance
a cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture tolerate ambiguity or
feel threatened by ambiguity and uncertainty
Attribution Process
the perceptual process of deciding whether an observed behavior or event is caused by internal or
external factors
Categorical Thinking
organizing people and objects into preconceived categories that are stored in our long-term
memory
Confirmation Bias
the process of screening out information that is contrary to our values and assumptions, and to
more readily accept confirming information
Contact Hypothesis
a theory stating that the more we interact with someone, the less prejudiced or perceptually
biased we will be against the person
Empathy
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a person's understanding of and sensitivity to the feelings, thoughts, and situations of others
