Quiz 5
Liberty University
BIOM 525
Human Physiology Lecture
Question 1
0 out of 1 points
Pressure resulting from presence of plasma proteins in blood is called ___ pressure and
favors ___
Selected
Answer:
colloid osmotic;
filtration
Correct
Answer:
colloid osmotic;
absorption
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Selected
Answer:
increases the GFR and inhibits the release
of renin.
Correct
Answer:
increases the GFR and inhibits the release
of renin.
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
If blood flow through the afferent arterioles increases,
Selected
Answer:
stretch reflexes trigger vasoconstriction to reduce
the flow.
Correct
Answer:
stretch reflexes trigger vasoconstriction to reduce
the flow.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Before glucose reaches its renal threshold
Selected
Answer:
all glucose is
reabsorbed
Correct
Answer:
all glucose is
reabsorbed
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Glomerular(hydrostatic pressure is
Selected
Answer:
higher than systemiccapillaries, pulmonary capillaries,
andperitubularcapillaries.
Correct
Answer:
higher than systemiccapillaries, pulmonary capillaries,
andperitubularcapillaries.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion concentration of the blood is
Selected
Answer:
aldosteron
e.
Correct
Answer:
aldosteron
e.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Excess potassium ions are eliminated from the body by the
Selected
Answer:
kidney
s.
Correct
Answer:
kidney
s.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
The process of filtration in the kidney is most accurately described as
Selected
Answer:
relatively
nonspecific.
Correct
Answer:
relatively
nonspecific.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Calcium is reabsorbed in the
Selected
Answer:
proximal tubule, ascending limb of the loopofHenle, and distal
tubule
Correct
Answer:
proximal tubule, ascending limb of the loopofHenle, and distal
tubule
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Renin,(angiotensin(II and aldosterone
Selected
Answer:
all increase blood
pressure.
Correct
Answer:
all increase blood
pressure.
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Functions of the kidneys include all but one of the following. Identify the exception.
Selected
Answer:
regulation of blood protein
levels
Correct
Answer:
regulation of blood protein
levels
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Blood flow through the kidney includes a feature seen in only a few organs. What is it?
Selected
Answer:
portal
system
Correct
Answer:
portal
system
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Ions directly regulated by the kidney include all EXCEPT which of the following?
Selected
Answer:
OH
-
Correct
Answer: OH-
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Which one of the following substances is LEAST dependent on the kidney for regulation of
its plasma concentration?
Selected
Answer:
glucose
Correct
Answer:
glucose
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following describes tubular reabsorption in the kidney?
Selected
Answer:
transepithelial transport from the lumen of the tubule into renal interstitial
fluid
Correct
Answer:
transepithelial transport from the lumen of the tubule into renal interstitial
fluid
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Which would result from ingesting a large amount of salt?
Selected
Answer:
secretion of atrial natriuretic factor would increase
Correct
Answer:
secretion of atrial natriuretic factor would increase
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Given the following measurements, calculate the filtration fraction:
Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure = 70 mm Hg
Hydrostatic pressure in Bowman’s space =15 mm Hg
Colloid osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries =35 mm Hg
Renal plasma flow = 800 ml/min
Glomerular capillary filtration coefficient = 4 ml/min/mm Hg
Selected
Answer:
0.1
Correct
Answer:
0.1
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Compared with normal conditions, what would be the change in renal blood flow in a patient
with acute proximal tubular necrosis and marked reduction of proximal tubular sodium
chloride reabsorption?
Selected
Answer:
Decrea
se
Correct
Answer:
Decrea
se
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Liddle syndrome is a genetic disorder that increases ENaC activity that results in low
renin and aldosterone levels. What would be the effect on sodium excretion?
Selected
Answer:
No
change
Correct
Answer:
No
change
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Which of these causes dilation of the afferent arteriole?
Selected
Answer:
none of the
above
Correct
Answer:
none of the
above
Question 21
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following would cause the greatest decrease in glomerular filtration rate in a
person with otherwise normal kidneys?
Selected
Answer:
50% decrease in efferent arteriolar resistance
Correct
Answer:
50% decrease in efferent arteriolar resistance
Question 22
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following substances3can undergo renal tubular secretion?
Selected
Answer:
K
+
Correct
Answer: K
+
Question 23
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following changes would you expect to find after administration of a
vasodilator that selectively reduced3afferentarteriolar resistance?
Selected
Answer:
Increase in renal blood
flow
Correct
Answer:
Increase in renal blood
flow
Question 24
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following changes would you expect to find after administration of a
vasodilator that selectively reduced3afferentarteriolar resistance?
Selected
Answer:
increase in
GFR
Correct
Answer:
increase in
GFR
Question 25
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Selected
Answer:
Urea reabsorption in the proximal tubule is normally less than in the medullary
collecting ducts during antidiuresis.
Correct
Answer:
Urea reabsorption in the proximal tubule is normally less than in the medullary
collecting ducts during antidiuresis.
Question 26
1 out of 1 points
Water and NaCl reabsorbed from the loop of Henle directly reenter what blood vessels?
Selected
Answer:
vasa recta
Correct
Answer:
vasa recta
Question 27
1 out of 1 points
A healthy 24-year-old woman runs a 10k race on a hot day and becomes very dehydrated.
Assuming that her antidiuretic hormone levels are very high, in which part of the renal tubule
is the most water reabsorbed?
Selected
Answer:
the proximal tubule
Correct
Answer:
the proximal tubule
Question 28
1 out of 1 points
You need to evaluate kidney function in a 55-year-old obese man with type 2 diabetes; you
ask him to collect his urine over a 24-hour period. He collects 4,320 mL of urine. The
clinical laboratory returns the following results from analysis of his urine and plasma
samples:
Plasma creatinine = 3.0 mg/100 mL
Urine creatinine = 40 mg/100 mL
Plasma potassium = 5.0 mmol/L
Urine potassium = 20 mmol/L
What is the net renal tubular reabsorption rate of potassium in the patient described in
question?
Selected
Answer:
.140 mmol/min
Correct
Answer:
.140 mmol/min
Question 29
1 out of 1 points
If the average hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries is 55 mm Hg, the hydrostatic
pressure in Bowman's space is 15 mm Hg, the average colloid osmotic pressure in the
glomerular capillaries is 30 mm Hg, and there is no protein in the glomerular ultrafiltrate,
what is the net pressure driving glomerular filtration in this example?
Selected
Answer:
10
mmHg
Correct
Answer:
10
mmHg
Question 30
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following statements regarding renal handling of Na+3is correct?
Selected
Answer:
Na+3is actively reabsorbed in the thin ascending limb of the loop of
Henle
Correct
Answer:
Na+3is actively reabsorbed in the thin ascending limb of the loop of
Henle
Question 31
1 out of 1 points
You are trying to design an new opiate medication that has a low clearance ratio. Which
combination or acid/base property and pKA would be best to accomplish this?
Selected
Answer:
A weak acid with a pKa
of 9.5
Correct
Answer:
A weak acid with a pKa
of 9.5
Question 32
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following changes, compared with normal, would you expect to find in a patient
with metabolic acidosis caused by uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?
Selected
Answer:
Increased new renal production of
HCO3
Correct
Answer:
Increased new renal production of
HCO3
Question 33
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following statements concerning the process of glomerular filtration is correct?
Selected
Answer:
The hydrostatic pressure in Bowman's space opposes filtration
Correct
Answer:
The hydrostatic pressure in Bowman's space opposes filtration
Question 34
1 out of 1 points
A 26-year-old woman reports that she has a severe migraine and has taken six times more
than the recommended dose of aspirin for the past 3 days to relieve her headaches. Her
plasma pH is 7.24. Which of the following would you expect to find compared with normal?
Selected
Answer:
Increased(NH4+(excre
tion
Correct
Answer:
Increased(NH4+(excre
tion
Question 35
1 out of 1 points
Which correctly describes the composition of the glomerular filtrate?
Selected
Answer:
It is highly similar to plasma, except it does not contain plasma proteins
Correct
Answer:
It is highly similar to plasma, except it does not contain plasma proteins
Question 36
1 out of 1 points
Compared to the normal plasma osmolarity, the tubular fluid is ________ as it enters
Bowman's space, ________ at the beginning of the loop of Henle, ________ at the tip of the
loop, and ________ at the beginning of the distal convoluted tubule.
Selected
Answer:
isosmotic; isosmotic; hyperosmotic; hypoosmotic
Correct
Answer:
isosmotic; isosmotic; hyperosmotic; hypoosmotic
Question 37
1 out of 1 points
Long-term administration of furosemide would:
Selected
Answers:
Inhibit the Na+-Cl–-K+3co-transporter in the renal
tubules
Tend to reduce renal concentrating ability
Correct
Answers:
Inhibit the Na+-Cl–-K+3co-transporter in the renal
tubules
Tend to reduce renal concentrating ability
Question 38
1 out of 1 points
Most of the reabsorption of filtered calcium is unregulated and occurs in the3________, but
an additional amount can be reabsorbed in the _________, depending on the
plasma3concentration of parathyroid hormone.
Selected
Answer:
proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule
Correct
Answer:
proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule
Question 39
1 out of 1 points
The loss of 0.5 L of sweat would stimulate a greater increase in vasopressin secretion than the
loss of an equal amount of blood plasma over the same period of time. This statement is:
Selected
Answer:
true, because sweat is hypoosmotic to plasma
Correct
Answer:
true, because sweat is hypoosmotic to plasma
Question 40
1 out of 1 points
After administering a vasodilator drug to a patient that caused a 50% decrease in
efferentarteriolar resistance and no change in arterial pressure, you would expect to
find( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( renal blood flow,( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 3GFR, and3( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 3filtration fraction.
Selected
Answer:
Increased, decreased, decreased
Correct
Answer:
Increased, decreased, decreased
Question 41
1 out of 1 points
The amount of a substance that is excreted in the urine is equal to the amount that is
________ plus the amount that is ________ minus the amount that is ________.3
Selected
Answer:
filtered; secreted; reabsorbed
Correct
Answer:
filtered; secreted; reabsorbed
Question 42
1 out of 1 points
A 58-year-old uninephrectomized man has a glomerular filtration rate of 80 ml/min, a urine
flow rate of 3.0 ml/min, and plasma glucose concentration of 200 mg/100 ml. If he has a
kidney transport maximum for glucose of 180 mg/min, what would be his approximate rate of
glucose excretion?
Selected
Answer:
0 mg/min
Correct
Answer:
0 mg/min
Question 43
1 out of 1 points
Compared with normal conditions, what would be the change in sodium reabsorption in the
loop of Henle in a patient with acute proximal tubular necrosis and marked reduction of
proximal tubular sodium chloride reabsorption?
Selected
Answer:
Increa
se
Correct
Answer:
Increa
se
Question 44
1 out of 1 points
In a patient with DKA and increased fixed acid production, which of these enzymes'
synthesis and activity is increased to produce more NH3 for excreting the h+?
Selected
Answer:
Glutaminase
Correct
Answer:
Glutaminase
Question 45
1 out of 1 points
The pK of the HPO4−2/H2PO4 − buffer pair is 6.8. At what pH would the
concentrations of the acid and base forms be equal?
Selected
Answer:
6.8
Correct
Answer:
6.8
Question 46
1 out of 1 points
Which of these does not constitute a fixed acid and does not need to be buffered
before its excretion?
Selected
Answer:
CO2
Correct
Answer:
CO2
Question 47
1 out of 1 points
Which of these conditions does not usually result in a metabolic acidosis with
increased anion gap?
Selected
Answer:
Diarrhea
Correct
Answer:
Diarrhea
Question 48
1 out of 1 points
Which is the best indicator of total H+ excreted in the urine?
Selected
Answer:
Filtered load of HPO42-
Correct
Answer:
Filtered load of HPO42-
Question 49
1 out of 1 points
If a person's arterial blood has a pH of 7.22 and pCO2 of 20 mm Hg, what is the HCO
3− concentration?
Selected
Answer:
7.9mEq/L
Correct
Answer:
7.9mEq/L
Question 50
1 out of 1 points
The pH of venous blood is only slightly more acidic than the pH of arterial blood
because
Selected
Answer:
the H+ generated from CO2 and H2O is buffered by deoxyhemoglobin
in venous blood
Correct
Answer:
the H+ generated from CO2 and H2O is buffered by deoxyhemoglobin
in venous blood
