Exam Three Study Guide- updated
CH 9 Motivation and Emotion
Theories of motivation
Evolutionary, instincts
Drive Reduction, drive, need, homeostasis
Intrinsic vs extrinsic motivation (Self Determination theory- discussed in class/pp)
Hunger:
biological influences – gastric signals, blood chemistry, brain
obesity-
- set point, genetic predisposition, metabolism
- psychological influences (cognitive and socio-cultural influences)
Sexual Motivation and Behavior:
Master’s and Johnson sexual response cycle
Parental investment theory
Gender differences: sexual activity, mate selection
Sexual orientation
Theories of homosexuality
Achievement motivation
Emotional experience
– physiological, cognitive, behavioral components
Affective forecasting
Autonomic arousal, Measuring arousal, polygraph
Limbic system, Amygdala/fear
Facial feedback hypothesis
Cultural similarities, differences, display rules, gender differences
Theories (James Lange, Cannon-Bard, Schacter Two- factor, evolution)
Classifying emotions , valence, +, - affect discussed on class
Positive Psychology, happiness, weak, moderate, strong predictors of happiness (money/weak,
relationship satisfaction/strong) hedonic adaptation- found in chapter application
CH 11 Personality
definition
Traits, dispositions, dimensions
factor analysis
5 factor model, big five (agreeableness, neuroticisms, conscientiousness, extraversion, openness to
experience)
*Psychodynamic (pros/cons)
Freud, psychoanalytic theory
structures- id,ego,superego,
Levels of awareness, cs, uncs, precs
Sex, aggression, anxiety
Defense mechanisms (chart pg 384)
Psychosexual development (stage theory-oral, anal, phallic, latency genital) oedipal/electra complex
Jung-analytic, personal & collective uncs, archetypes
Adler – individual psychology
Humanistic (pros, cons)
Abraham Maslow self actualization, hierarchy of needs
Carl Rogers, unconditional positive regard, conditions of worth, self, congruence/ incongruence, anxiety
Behavioral/Social Cognitive (pros/cons)
Skinner, operant conditioning
Albert Bandura, reciprocal determinism
Self efÏcacy, personal control, observational learning
Observational learning, model
Walter Mischel, situationalism
Biological (pros/cons)
Eysenck, Gray, neurotransmitters, genetics, twin studies
Culture and Personality independent/interdependent
Personality assessment (personal application) self-report inventories, projective tests
Ch 12 Social Behavior
Social Psychology definition
Person Perception
Stereotype
Confirmation bias
Ingroups/outgroups
Attribution theory
Internal, external attribution, fundamental attribution error, biases
Culture and attribution
Attraction
Matching hypothesis
Passionate/companiate love
evolution
Cognitive dissonance theory
AtÝtudes
Implicit, explicit atÝtudes/biases
Implicit Association test
Persuasion, exposure effect
AtÝtude formation/change
- Learning theory
- Cognitive dissonance theory
- Elaboration model
Conformity and obedience
Asch’s experiment
Milgram’s obedience study
Group Influence (jigsaw puzzle, cooperation- discussed in class)
