3. What are the molding processes used in manufacturing bricks? How do
they differ from one another?
(molded) Soft Mud Process – somewhat moist clay is pressed into
individual molds – can be handmade or machine-made
oCan be either water-struck so that molds are pre-wetted
oOr sand-struck so that the molds are pre-dusted with sand
(molded) Dry-press Process – low-plasticity clays are kept somewhat
dry and stiff, then get machine-pressed into steel molds
(extruded) Stiff Mud Process – moderately moist clay is extruded
through dies and then sliced individually
oCheapest method
oProduces a smooth face with high dimensional uniformity
o90% of U.S. bricks
4. List the functions of mortar.
Provides a cushing for the brick to lay on, creating a stable bearing
Provides a strong resistance to lateral forces like wind and earthquakes
Prevents too much water or air from flowing
Contributes to a major appearance of the wall
5. What are the ingredients of mortar? What is the function of each
ingredient?
Portland cement: the glue that binds sand particles together
Aggregate: gives the structural body of the hardened mortar
Hydrated Lime: improves the workability of mortar in its pre-hardened,
plastic state
Water: one of the most important steps is to provide a minimum
amount of water for chemical hydration in the cement; additional
water is needed to create a consistency; if no water, mortar is not good
7. What is the function of a structural brick bond such as common or Flemish
bond? Draw the three brick bonds from memory.
The main function is to have a more sound structure using alternating
stretchers, headers
