PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION AS A SOCIAL SKILL OF
LIBRARIANS IN SOCIETY
Introduction
As social creatures, humans always interact with other humans in their daily lives. Human
interaction certainly creates information in it. To get good information, it must be
communicated well too. Communication is always present in every human activity. Many
experts who discuss social fields always touch on the field of communication, whether it is
placed as the center of study or only as one aspect or long angle. That is, almost all social
studies always involve communication as one of its components. In the context of libraries,
communication is an important element in the running of activities in the library. No matter
how sophisticated the library is, communication must continue, be it between librarians, or
between librarians and users. Because it is related to the delivery of information in the library.
One of the communication that must be owned by everyone, especially information providers,
is persuasive communication. Winston Brembeck and William Howel in the book persuasive
communication by Dedy Djamaludin Malik define that persuasive communication is
communication intended to influence people's choices.2 In conducting information resource
services, a librarian needs good communication skills to influence the librarian.
In addition to communication within the library, librarians also communicate outside the
library with the community. Then what if outside the library? The role of librarians in a
library is very important, so the role of communication of a librarian in the library is
something that is very concerned by users because it relates to the information that users will
look for in the library. However, librarians are human beings with the title of social beings
attached to them. Librarians will also interact with people outside the library. Then what is the
role of librarians in society? Is the librarian's communication also very much considered in the
midst of society like the librarian's communication in the midst of users in the library? This
paper will discuss the persuasive communication skills of a librarian in the community. This
is considered very important, because one of the tasks of librarians according to the author is
information promotion, conveying information to the community, not only to users in the
library.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
Grounded Theory Definition of Communication
Communication comes from the Latin "communicare" which means to participate or give.
The word "communis" means belonging together or "applies everywhere". Definitively stated
by Carl I.Hoveland in Zamroni3 states as follows: "Communication is the process by which an
individual transmits stimuly (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behavior of other
individuals". Communication as a process of stimulating an individual to another individual
by using meaningful symbols, in the form of symbols of words to change behavior.
Communication is something that is very important and cannot be separated from human life.
According to Louis Forsdale, an expert on communication and education, in Muhammad4 that
"communication is the precess by which a system is establshed, maintained, and altered by
means of shared signals that operate according to rules". Communication is a process of
providing signals according to certain rules, so that in this way a system can be established,
maintained, and changed. In this definition communication is also seen as a process. The word
signal means verbal and non-verbal signals that have certain rules. With these rules, people
who receive signals who already know the rules will be able to understand the meaning of the
signals they receive. For example, every language has certain rules, whether spoken, written,
or sign language.
Communication is a channel for receiving, influence, change, and motivation that enables an
organization to achieve its goals. Without communication, organizational goals will not be
achieved. Communication is a central part of an organization. The success of communication
in an organization is an important asset for achieving user-oriented organizational goals.
Communication success reflected in the effectiveness of Communication and its efficiency are
the glue between librarians and users that will also affect the good name of the organization.5
So in this case, communication by librarians to utilize information sources in the library is
very important. Successful communication by librarians, also succeeds in raising the good
name of the library.
Communication is clearly inseparable from human life, both individually and as members of
society. In short, today the success and failure of a person in achieving something they want,
including their career, is largely determined by their ability to communicate. Because
communication is one of the most fundamental activities in the life of mankind. Human nature
to convey desires and to know the desires of others, is the beginning of human ability to
communicate automatically through sign symbols, then followed by the ability to give
meaning to each of these symbols in the form of verbal language.
Communication in the Library
Library as an organization cannot be separated from communication. Communication is the
basic principle of action and reaction in human life in organizations such as libraries. The
clearer and more effective the communication, the more information is needed. Therefore, the
existence of the library as an information unit requires an effective and efficient form of
communication for the good running of the organization. Communication is an important part
of supporting the existence of an organization, including libraries. Without communication in
the organization, it is almost impossible for all parties to cooperate with each other.
Various forms of communication will be created in the library, such as communication
between librarians and library users. The communication sometimes takes place formally,
when users are briefed on bibliographic data by the librarian. But it can also be non-formal or
casual, such as just a greeting by the librarian to the library user. If analyzed into
communication in the library, Harold D. Laswell's formulation of the elements of
communication is as follows. Laswell's formulation of the elements of communication is as
follows:
Who.
The element of who here is who sends the message or what is often called the communicator.
In the context of the library, the message sender or communicator is the librarian. In the
library, existing information or library collections needed by users must be served optimally
by librarians. In this process, the role of the librarian as a communicator is very important so
that the communication delivered to users can be received effectively. Librarians are very
instrumental in delivering information both directly and indirectly. Librarians can package
information in such a way that it can be clearly received by users. Basically, librarians must
often communicate with users in order to establish good relationships between librarians and
users in the library.
Says what
What is meant by saying what in this element in the context of the library is what message or
information will be sent to the user. This message or information can be verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal or direct information that librarians can convey to users, for example, is about the
location of a reference material. Librarians can directly convey to users who ask the location
of the reference material that the user will be looking for. Non-verbal information conveyed
by librarians to users can be in the form of codes or numbers placed on each shelf in the
library. This is a form of communication or non-verbal message from the librarian to the user
about the location of the book on the shelf that will be searched by the user.
In Which Channel
This element is the media used to communicate or convey librarian information to users. In
the library, one of the media often used by librarians to convey messages or information to
users is loudspeakers. For example, the librarian informs that the library in certain conditions
is suddenly closed not according to the schedule listed. With this media or loudspeaker
channel, the message conveyed by the librarian will be heard by users in the library.
To whom
In the context of libraries, this element is library users. The user is the one who receives the
message or information conveyed by the librarian. In library communication, librarians must
know and pay attention to who they are communicating with. This is related to the symbols or
information conveyed, as well as the expressions used in the communication. Librarians must
be able to adjust this according to the user's background.
With what effect (what effect is expected)
Effect is the response to information received by the receiver. In the context of a library, this
is the user's response to the information provided by the librarian. This response is very
important as an evaluation material for the library regarding the satisfaction of their users. The
positive response that can result from the information provided by the librarian is a sense of
relief or satisfaction from the user after getting the information they are looking for.
Eastabrook in Pawit M. Yusup7 describes this information service model by likening the
librarian to a telephone operator who is in charge of connecting information sources with
callers or users at all times. Meanwhile, the user is likened to a caller who tries to obtain the
best possibilities associated with a specific information item environment. Librarians are the
buttons, lines and sockets, which represent the choices that must be made in order to provide
valuable information. But a librarian's job is not the same as that of a telephone operator. A
telephone operator is passive, whereas a librarian is not only passive, because he works on the
basis of requests, but also active, that is, he searches and tries to find useful information, then
serves it to members or users who need it.
Discussion
Librarian Persuasive Communication
Dedy Djamaluddin Malik in the book persuasive communication8 puts forward several
definitions of persuasive communication. Among them, quoted from Ronald L. Applbaum
and Karl W.e. Anatol, persuasion is a complex communication process when individuals or
groups express messages (intentionally or unintentionally) through verbal and nonverbal
means to obtain certain responses from other individuals or groups. Meanwhile, Bettinghous
formulates persuasion as human communication designed to influence others by attempting to
change their beliefs, values, or attitudes. While Wiston Brembeck and William Howell in
Persuasion: A Means of Social Change (1952) define persuasion as a conscious effort to
change thoughts and actions by manipulating people's motives towards a predetermined goal.
However, this definition was later revised to communication intended to influence people's
choices.
From some of the definitions quoted above, there seem to be two pragmatic orientations that
are quite prominent to observe. First, there are formulations of persuasion that emphasize the
orientation of the source or persuader. This pragmatic orientation views the persuasion
process as linear and one-way. The tendency of this orientation sees the persuaded audience
(Persuadee) as a helpless, or passive, object that is ready to accept role manipulation from
persuaders, without involving the context, dynamics, and feedback of message recipients.
Meanwhile, the second orientation tends to see persuasion as the result of the active dynamics
of the message source and message receiver. Communication is not seen as a message and
message receiver. Communication is not seen as something linear, but circular, which is very
concerned with feedback, context, and the activities of the message recipient. Between the
messenger and the recipient of the message there is a process of mutual influence through
interaction and interrelation between each other. So, persuasive communication here is
intended not only to influence someone's decision, but also to get reciprocity between the
recipient and the messenger.
This persuasive communication ability is one of the social skills that every librarian should
have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional staff. Based on the
persuasive communication theory above, persuasive communication can influence someone to
do something or not, and invite someone to follow or not. Librarian's invitation can make
users/community more familiar with the library and will use library resources to fulfill their
needs. For example, in a school library there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem
in his assignment. A librarian who is able to communicate persuasively does not immediately
give a raw answer to the student, but he/she will invite the student to search for information in
the sources contained in the library. By guiding the student to search for information This
means that it has trained students to love reading.
The communication between librarians and library users is called persuasive communication
and informative communication because it contains accurate information and can be
accounted for, but it also invites or persuades users to find solutions to their problems by
utilizing library services. This communication will influence the patrons to love to seek
information in the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
With persuasive communication skills, librarians will be able to increase interest in reading
for their patrons. The librarian's invitation can make the users/community more familiar with
the library and will use library resources to fulfill their needs. For example, in a school library
there is a student who asks a librarian about a problem in his assignment. A librarian who is
able to communicate persuasively does not immediately give a raw answer to the student, but
he/she will invite the student to search for information in the sources contained in the library.
By guiding students to search for the information they want, it means that it has trained
students to love reading.
Librarian persuasive communication can also be done by storytelling where librarians can
invite users to read books that have been read first. Especially if it is an elementary school
library, users will be very enthusiastic about this activity. By doing storytelling, users will be
more curious about the contents of the book and indirectly it will influence them to read it
themselves.
Non-verbal persuasive communication skills can also be carried out by librarians to influence
users to love reading, among others by attaching banners or the like. This media is used for
promotion whose purpose is inviting library users to love reading. By attaching the media as a
non-verbal persuasive communication, it is expected that the reading interest of library users
will increase. In addition, by making the library design as beautiful as possible can also invite
users to come to the library. For example, painting the library walls, especially in elementary
school libraries, so that the library will be more lively and attract students to come to the
library.
Based on what has been explained, this skill is considered important to be possessed by
librarians considering that their job is to educate the nation's life through the information
materials they manage in the library.
Persuasive Communication of Librarians in Society
Persuasive communication skills are important for a librarian not only in the library where the
librarian works. But more importantly in the middle of the community where the librarian
undergoes social processes. This is one of the social skills that is very likely to be possessed
by a librarian to show his existence as a librarian in the midst of society. This ability will also
make librarians have certain characteristics in the community. When viewed from the
persuasive communication theory above, this communication is a communication that
influences other people's decisions, influencing other people's knowledge from not knowing
to knowing. For librarians, influencing user knowledge in the library is something that is done
almost every working day. This will be different if the librarian is in the middle of the
community.
This persuasive communication skill can be trained by librarians. Librarians in the community
who have this ability will get more attention. For example, if in a neighborhood meeting that
is solving a problem about pests in the fields of the residents. Librarians who have persuasive
communication skills will certainly convey several solutions that may be done by the
residents, then as a follow-up, the librarian will influencing and persuading these residents to
look for reading sources about plant pests in the local library, for example. This is one small
example of the librarian's ability to solve problems faced by residents where the librarian
undergoes social processes. Librarians will provide solutions in the form of referrals to the
library as a clear and accurate source of information to solve some of the problems faced by
local residents. Communication delivered by librarians to local residents is informative
communication, or contains information that can certainly be accounted for the truth.
Librarians can also filter or package the information conveyed in advance so that it can be
understood by the community.
Conclusion
From description above, author can take some conclusions as follows:
Librarians' persuasive communication skills are one of the social skills that every
librarian should have in order to show their existence that librarians are professional
personnel.
By doing persuasive communication, librarians are able to invite or persuade users to
find solutions to their problems by utilizing library services.
Librarians' persuasive communication will influence their patrons to seek information in
the library, namely scientific information that can be accounted for.
Librarians as social beings certainly do not only interact with users in the library.
Librarians will also carry out social processes in the community where the librarian
lives.
Persuasive communication of a librarian in the midst of society can be one of the social
skills that can be owned. Librarians must be able to influence the local community to
use the right information to solve their problems.
