Psychology assignment 4

MethodSection__MarthaRamsey2.docx

2

Online versus In-Person Counseling: A Review of Existing Studies: Method Section

Martha Ramsey

Saint Leo University

Capsthesis/Capstone Project II: PSY 695

Instructor Lara Ault

March 31, 2024

Method

1. Selection Criteria

English language criterion for journalism was considered a critical component in the selection criteria. English language use was a key consideration because studies and papers published in non-English languages were not only challenging to comprehend and synthesize but could also comprise the rigor of the review. The researcher restricted the criteria to peer-reviewed articles published between the year 2019 to the year 2024. The chosen time frame aligned with the COVID19 pandemic era when online psychotherapy was frequently used in United States of America. Other than the time frame, the researcher considered studies with human subjects who were either counselees, counsellors, individuals who had experienced or were experiencing mental health challenges, adult participants, and young participants including children. The chosen studies were those that had used online psychotherapy as an intervention or used both in-person counselling and online psychotherapy. Outcomes of the studies were also considered during the selection. The researcher considered studies with outcomes that were either categorized in the form of experiences or effects.

2. Search

The search process was guided by English language use in the articles and confined to search terms that included online psychotherapy mental health outcomes, telepsychiatry effectiveness, internet-based interventions for mental health, and advantages and disadvantages of online counselling. When the search phrase online psychotherapy and mental health outcomes was searched, 3500 materials were found from the Saint Leo University library. When the search term was paraphrased to focus on peer-reviewed articles between the year 2019 to the year 2024, the search yielded 89 articles. When the terms virtual counseling or virtual psychotherapy were used, the search yielded 389 materials from Saint University Library, 28 materials from PubMed, 6 materials from PsycINFO, and 89 materials from Google Scholar. When the search term was paraphrased to include peer-reviewed articles published between the year 2019 to the year 2024, only 12 articles were found in the University Library, 34 articles were found in Google Scholar, 3 articles were retrieved from PubMed, and 2 articles were found in PsycINFO.

The search term telepsychiatry effectiveness yielded 600 articles from the Saint Leo University Library and 891 articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, and PsycINFO. This particular search also yielded a total of 69 books from all these libraries. When the search was narrowed to peer-reviewed articles from the year 2019 to the year 2024 a total of 19 articles were retrieved from these libraries. The search term internet-based interventions for mental health yielded a total of 96 materials from Saint Leo University, 697 materials from Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and PubMed. When the search was narrowed by paraphrasing the term to include peer-reviewed articles published in the 2019 to the year 2024, a total 27 peer-reviewed articles were found from these libraries. When search term advantages and disadvantages of online counseling was used, a total of 123 articles were retrieved from Saint Leo University Library, 368 articles were found in Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and PubMed. When search was narrowed to peer-reviewed articles published in the year 2019 to the year 2024, a total of 29 articles were retrieved from these libraries. The narrowed search based on peer-reviewed articles published between the year 2019 to the year 2024 yielded a total of 134 articles for all the search terms used. When measurements, outcomes, subjects, variables, and quality were considered, the researcher was only left with 15 peer-reviewed articles that have been further analyzed in the attached box score.

3. Conclusion

This methodology utilized a narrative review with a systematic search strategy. The study did not rely on any measurement tools or devices to obtain the information for this research. English language use was a considered a key guideline in the selection criteria. Peer-reviewed articles published in English between the year 2019 to the year 2024 were considered for the review. Subjects, variables, outcomes, and quality were considered in choosing the 15 peer-reviewed articles.

Protocol__MarthaRamsey-3246814.pdf

1

Protocol II

Martha Ramsey

Saint Leo University

Capsthesis/Capstone Project II: PSY 695

Instructor Lara Ault

March 31, 2024

2

Please use the information below (Protocol II) to guide your method section for review studies. Formulate data analysis plan

Please continue the protocol you started last term. This time you will focus on assessing study quality. Things to consider along with any others you think of, or come across in your readings: sample size, sample representativeness, publication date, reliability of measures, validity of methods.

Copy and paste this into a MS word document and complete it, then submit it to the drop box.

1.

I. Quality assessment

What criteria will be used to assess methodological quality (e. g., minimum sample

size? Experimental design quality? Longitudinal design quality - if relevant;

measures were all reliable and valid, per-reviewed, etc.)??

______________ The study will not use any measures. It will be based a narrative review with

a systematic search strategy of peer-reviewed articles published in English language between the

year 2019 to the year 2024. The chosen articles will be those that focused on online

psychotherapy during the COVID19 pandemic.

_________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___

How will quality assessment be performed? (I recommend adding a quality column

in your word or excel table and putting the evaluation info there; you can also

include a paragraph in your method about using only peer-reviewed articles using

reliable measures (alpha = .70 or higher) and will evaluate any design issues if

there are questions - unequal groups or not enough men, etc.).

I mean, the measures used by the authors whose articles you find and include.

how will you determine these articles are reliable and valid?

3

_________ Quality assessment will be performed by looking at the measurements used in the

study. The research will not consider studies that lack measurement tools in their data extraction.

Studies that will use narrative reviews with systematic search will be ignored because such

studies lack measurement tools. Studies with data that have been extracted using measurements

that are applicable or can be generalized in similar scenarios will be considered.

___________________________________________________________________

2.

II. Data extraction (E. g., percentages of people from different genders

experiencing depression, diagnosed with depression, displaying signs of depression or a

variant of depression; raw depression scores or z-scores for depression-related mental

illness; number of significant differences found across genders, et. Tell a good story, but a

true and accurate one, with your data).

What are the key data to be extracted?

__ This study will not require data extraction because there will be no measurement tool used to

guide the data extraction process.

___________________________________________________________________

_______

How will data extraction be performed, and how will extracted data be presented?

(Again, I recommend a table but depending on what you are showing, a graph could

be interesting to show different symptoms - oh, an

this is what I was trying to get at before. You only should include empirical articles, including meta-analyses but not narrative reviews. Too broad and difficult to incorporate.

good -so, above, how will you determine whether you include them or not (considering them means you might not include them - what quality info will you look for? Hint: high reliability coefficients in the measures, adequate statistical power in the sample size, etc.

extracting data means you will be pulling out findings and looking for themes among the findings. SO, the results of the studies you are reviewing are your data extraction.

no clue what happened here.

MethodSection__MarthaRamsey2.docx

2

Online versus In-Person Counseling: A Review of Existing Studies: Method Section

Martha Ramsey

Saint Leo University

Capsthesis/Capstone Project II: PSY 695

Instructor Lara Ault

March 31, 2024

Method

1. Selection Criteria

English language criterion for journalism was considered a critical component in the selection criteria. English language use was a key consideration because studies and papers published in non-English languages were not only challenging to comprehend and synthesize but could also comprise the rigor of the review. The researcher restricted the criteria to peer-reviewed articles published between the year 2019 to the year 2024. The chosen time frame aligned with the COVID19 pandemic era when online psychotherapy was frequently used in United States of America. Other than the time frame, the researcher considered studies with human subjects who were either counselees, counsellors, individuals who had experienced or were experiencing mental health challenges, adult participants, and young participants including children. The chosen studies were those that had used online psychotherapy as an intervention or used both in-person counselling and online psychotherapy. Outcomes of the studies were also considered during the selection. The researcher considered studies with outcomes that were either categorized in the form of experiences or effects.

2. Search

The search process was guided by English language use in the articles and confined to search terms that included online psychotherapy mental health outcomes, telepsychiatry effectiveness, internet-based interventions for mental health, and advantages and disadvantages of online counselling. When the search phrase online psychotherapy and mental health outcomes was searched, 3500 materials were found from the Saint Leo University library. When the search term was paraphrased to focus on peer-reviewed articles between the year 2019 to the year 2024, the search yielded 89 articles. When the terms virtual counseling or virtual psychotherapy were used, the search yielded 389 materials from Saint University Library, 28 materials from PubMed, 6 materials from PsycINFO, and 89 materials from Google Scholar. When the search term was paraphrased to include peer-reviewed articles published between the year 2019 to the year 2024, only 12 articles were found in the University Library, 34 articles were found in Google Scholar, 3 articles were retrieved from PubMed, and 2 articles were found in PsycINFO.

The search term telepsychiatry effectiveness yielded 600 articles from the Saint Leo University Library and 891 articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, and PsycINFO. This particular search also yielded a total of 69 books from all these libraries. When the search was narrowed to peer-reviewed articles from the year 2019 to the year 2024 a total of 19 articles were retrieved from these libraries. The search term internet-based interventions for mental health yielded a total of 96 materials from Saint Leo University, 697 materials from Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and PubMed. When the search was narrowed by paraphrasing the term to include peer-reviewed articles published in the 2019 to the year 2024, a total 27 peer-reviewed articles were found from these libraries. When search term advantages and disadvantages of online counseling was used, a total of 123 articles were retrieved from Saint Leo University Library, 368 articles were found in Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and PubMed. When search was narrowed to peer-reviewed articles published in the year 2019 to the year 2024, a total of 29 articles were retrieved from these libraries. The narrowed search based on peer-reviewed articles published between the year 2019 to the year 2024 yielded a total of 134 articles for all the search terms used. When measurements, outcomes, subjects, variables, and quality were considered, the researcher was only left with 15 peer-reviewed articles that have been further analyzed in the attached box score.

3. Conclusion

This methodology utilized a narrative review with a systematic search strategy. The study did not rely on any measurement tools or devices to obtain the information for this research. English language use was a considered a key guideline in the selection criteria. Peer-reviewed articles published in English between the year 2019 to the year 2024 were considered for the review. Subjects, variables, outcomes, and quality were considered in choosing the 15 peer-reviewed articles.

Protocol__MarthaRamsey-3246814.pdf

1

Protocol II

Martha Ramsey

Saint Leo University

Capsthesis/Capstone Project II: PSY 695

Instructor Lara Ault

March 31, 2024

2

Please use the information below (Protocol II) to guide your method section for review studies. Formulate data analysis plan

Please continue the protocol you started last term. This time you will focus on assessing study quality. Things to consider along with any others you think of, or come across in your readings: sample size, sample representativeness, publication date, reliability of measures, validity of methods.

Copy and paste this into a MS word document and complete it, then submit it to the drop box.

1.

I. Quality assessment

What criteria will be used to assess methodological quality (e. g., minimum sample

size? Experimental design quality? Longitudinal design quality - if relevant;

measures were all reliable and valid, per-reviewed, etc.)??

______________ The study will not use any measures. It will be based a narrative review with

a systematic search strategy of peer-reviewed articles published in English language between the

year 2019 to the year 2024. The chosen articles will be those that focused on online

psychotherapy during the COVID19 pandemic.

_________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___

How will quality assessment be performed? (I recommend adding a quality column

in your word or excel table and putting the evaluation info there; you can also

include a paragraph in your method about using only peer-reviewed articles using

reliable measures (alpha = .70 or higher) and will evaluate any design issues if

there are questions - unequal groups or not enough men, etc.).

I mean, the measures used by the authors whose articles you find and include.

how will you determine these articles are reliable and valid?

3

_________ Quality assessment will be performed by looking at the measurements used in the

study. The research will not consider studies that lack measurement tools in their data extraction.

Studies that will use narrative reviews with systematic search will be ignored because such

studies lack measurement tools. Studies with data that have been extracted using measurements

that are applicable or can be generalized in similar scenarios will be considered.

___________________________________________________________________

2.

II. Data extraction (E. g., percentages of people from different genders

experiencing depression, diagnosed with depression, displaying signs of depression or a

variant of depression; raw depression scores or z-scores for depression-related mental

illness; number of significant differences found across genders, et. Tell a good story, but a

true and accurate one, with your data).

What are the key data to be extracted?

__ This study will not require data extraction because there will be no measurement tool used to

guide the data extraction process.

___________________________________________________________________

_______

How will data extraction be performed, and how will extracted data be presented?

(Again, I recommend a table but depending on what you are showing, a graph could

be interesting to show different symptoms - oh, an

this is what I was trying to get at before. You only should include empirical articles, including meta-analyses but not narrative reviews. Too broad and difficult to incorporate.

good -so, above, how will you determine whether you include them or not (considering them means you might not include them - what quality info will you look for? Hint: high reliability coefficients in the measures, adequate statistical power in the sample size, etc.

extracting data means you will be pulling out findings and looking for themes among the findings. SO, the results of the studies you are reviewing are your data extraction.

no clue what happened here.

MethodSection__MarthaRamsey2.docx

Protocol__MarthaRamsey-3246814.pdf

MethodSection__MarthaRamsey2.docx

Protocol__MarthaRamsey-3246814.pdf

MethodSection__MarthaRamsey2.docx

Protocol__MarthaRamsey-3246814.pdf

MethodSection__MarthaRamsey2.docx

Protocol__MarthaRamsey-3246814.pdf

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