Law SSGS500 Assignment 2
deweese3Please read attachments for assignment instructions.
2 years ago
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files (4)OverallFeedbackfromweek2.docx
AssignmentWeek4.docx
Week2Paperfortheweek4assignment.docx
- synthesismatrixforliteraturereview.pdf
OverallFeedbackfromweek2.docx
Overall Feedback
Hi Cristian,
You did good work on this initial proposal of your topic. Your topic and research question are clearly identified. However, there are rather broad, and you might be posing the wrong question. I'm not sure. You ask "how" strategic foresight tools can help. First, you need to identify what that means. After you identify the meaning of this, can we ask anything specific? Like what kind of tools?
Your hypothesis and variables reflect the generality of your question. The IV and DV variables correspond to your question. But, many of the measurements strike me as variables. I think what I'm getting at is: Isn't it common sense that foresight strategies will helpful in reducing risks? So, is that really the question? Or, is the kind of foresight?
Also, some literature knowledge would help you situate your question and hypothesis? What are others saying? Where do you fit in? Your later paragraph needs to come sooner and it needs source support.
Since these elements will need to be address for the final proposal, I recommend that you email me before the next assignment with the following in list form to ensure a successful final research proposal:
· Restate your research question.
· Restate your purpose.
· Restate your hypothesis.
· Restate your variables (even if they are the same).
Overall, Cristian, this is a good start. See my in-text comments, and please do let me know if you have questions.
Adrienne
AssignmentWeek4.docx
Assignment Week 4: Literature Review on a Theory
Instructions
Writing a Literature Review
Most research projects include a literature review to determine what knowledge exists on the subject under study and to develop the theoretical framework that will be used in the study. The literature review sets the context for the entire research project by explaining what others have found in researching the same or similar specific research questions. Literature reviews are also done to help summarize the current state of knowledge on a topic and the current knowledge gaps up to this point. In this format, they are often published as a pure literature review within peer-reviewed journals. One example can be found here specific to the literature Distance Learning ; here is another example that will help break it out for you: Critical Thinking Lit Review . Students often have a hard time writing literature reviews because it seems like a foreign way to organize information, however, in a way you can equate the way that an essay is written to that of a literature review. In an essay, one will bring in numerous references within each paragraph, the same would be the case for a literature review in that literature reviews are organized thematically. NCSU has a fantastic video (https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/tutorials/litreview/) that helps explain what a literature review is and how they are written at the graduate and professional levels, I recommend taking a look as it will help give you some additional perspective on how these are written. For some additional information on how to organize your theoretical framework into your paper, check out this USC Library guide on Theoretical Frameworks .
A literature review begins with an introductory paragraph in which the writer frames the research topic and its significance, or the puzzle or topic area that the researcher is addressing. To do that, the writer will summarize the major relevant arguments on the research subject, highlighting the main issues and how schools of thought might differ. If there are key terms to be defined, the writer would also do that here if the literature review is part of a larger research paper.
The body of the literature review tells readers what others have found in their studies about your specific research question or topic under investigation (the extent of existing knowledge on your specific research question/current state of the research on a particular topic), critiques what is right or wrong with these other studies, and discusses how the body of knowledge needs to be moved forward (and/or how the work is distinguishable from the research study you are proposing). Your review should organize material by theme or method or what makes sense for the project.
The conclusion should summarize the primary "sense of the literature", encapsulating for the reader where the existing literature ends and if carrying out a study, where your research will start.
Assignment Instructions:
This assignment serves as a building block for your final thesis proposal. For this literature review, you need to select a substantive theory, either something that we discussed in the lesson, or something outside of the course, and focus your literature review around that theory. Your theory selection should make sense with the research question you intend to assess within your final research proposal. Since this is a literature review focused on a particular topic (i.e. the substantive theory) you will need to discuss the current state of the literature specific to that theory (for example, deterrence theory, social identity theory, etc). You'll want to start with a discussion on the early conceptualizations of the theory and how it has developed over time. Your conclusion should include a discussion of where the research on that theory needs to go next. What are some questions that remain? What new ways should it be applied?
Format: Standard academic format will suffice: 1-inch borders on all four sides, double-spaced, with times new roman 12-point font. As with all academic assignments (unless otherwise specified) you must include a references section and list your references.
This literature review should include a critical review of at least 9-10 scholarly/peer-reviewed articles.
Since multiple writing styles are in use within this course, on your title page, please note which style you are using within your assignment. This will help me cater my comments to the style you are using. The style you use needs to be the one that is used within your program of study.
Total pages: 5 complete pages in length not including title page or references.
I have also attached a synthesis matrix that should help you organize your notes as you go, as well as the grading rubric for this assignment.
Use the filename (no spaces): yourlastnameW4.doc to upload this file to the HW4 assignment.
Note: As mentioned above this assignment is a building block for your final assignment. In your research proposal in addition to synthesizing the literature on a theory, you will also need to synthesize the literature surrounding the topic you are looking to explore as well. This will serve as a preliminary literature review that helps to demonstrate the importance of the topic and show that it has not yet been addressed within the literature.
Week2Paperfortheweek4assignment.docx
2
Assignment Week 2
Cristian DeWeese
SSGS500
American Military University
11/17/2024
Introduction
Security management nowadays faces a variety of innovative problems due to the constant development of cyber threats and the appearance of new techniques, such as hybrid warfare. Many of these threats exist beyond conventional physical and geographical contexts and take advantage of technological weaknesses, putting security professionals in both governmental and corporate settings in unknown territory. Schemes, viruses, threats, and falsified information are some forms of how digital warfare is deployed, causing negative effects on the national state, organizational structure, and personal privacy (Desouza et al., 2022). Hybrid warfare, which is the use of conventional and unconventional means, makes complexity even more diverse because of the interconnection of military, economic, and cybernate means for achieving strategic goals. Against this background, proactive security management strategies that go beyond the reaction type to threats are needed for proper identification of threats, risk assessment, and effective prevention. The growing number of complex problems and the increasing demand for proactive solutions contribute to the argument that more attention should be paid to strategic foresight (Sarjito, 2024). There are tools included in this method, including scenario planning, trend analysis, and predictive modeling, which will help organizations to imagine possible futures and expect occurrences of different occurrences. Introducing strategic foresight into the strategic management of security challenges helps organizations improve their readiness to adapt to new security threats (Mızrak et al., 2023). The research question, therefore, revolves around how the proposition of strategic foresight will transform the model from a reactive one to one that is proactive and provide security managers with tools with which to understand and manage complexity and risk. This research proposes to explore such integration possibilities in an effort to assist in the formulation of enhanced and integrated security management systems.
Research Question
How can security management strategies use strategic foresight to anticipate and tackle emerging threats, especially in cybersecurity and hybrid warfare?
Purpose Statement
The analysis in this paper seeks to evaluate strategic foresight in the context of security to mitigate the fluid nature of threats such as cybersecurity and hybrid war. In a short world where technology redesigns security paradigms, strategic anticipation like the systematic trend analysis or scenario and probabilistic simulation plays a pivotal role in defining risks and threats to predict potential threats and looming dangers ahead of time so that preventative measures can be taken effectively (Allioui & Mourdi, 2023; Kohler, 2021). Such approaches also help organizations address complex cyber threats and hybrid warfare, which are used to achieve technological and operational vulnerabilities. Bridging foresight into the structures of security makes it much easier to be ready because it provides information that can be used to properly the situation. However, issues like organizational readiness and the cost of implementation make it an even harder process. Still, foresight strategies’ major long-term advantages help to strengthen the competencies to successfully counter future risks (Dahlgren & Bergman, 2020). This study lays emphasis on functional approaches and the benefits of integrating foresight into current security dynamics to guard against risks of vulnerability in the globalised world.
Research Variables
Dependent Variable (DV):
Effectiveness of security management strategies in mitigating emerging threats.
· Measured by Fewer successful cyberattacks, response time to hybrid warfare occurrences, and perceived organizational robustness in risky fields.
Independent Variable (IV):
Integration of strategic foresight tools into security management strategies.
· Defined: Defined by: The power planning that involves the utilization of factors like; factors like; scenario planning, trend analysis, annual predictive analytics, and annual stakeholder coordination for threat forecasting and responses.
· Measured by: An analysis of the actual adoption rate of foresight tools, the specific frequency of foresight exercises, and the readiness levels claimed in pre-and post-integration phases.
Hypothesis
If security management strategies incorporate strategic foresight tools, then their ability to anticipate and mitigate emerging threats in cybersecurity and hybrid warfare will significantly improve, as demonstrated by reduced attack success rates and enhanced organizational preparedness.
Rationale for Variable Selection
In this case, the DV is the security management strategy since it records the level or effectiveness of security management and is directly related to the capacity to address new threats (Calhoun, 2014). In this case, these goals can be measured and need not be completely lost; what might be viewed as effectiveness could include the rate of successful cyberattacks, the rate of effective targeted reactions to threats based on hybrid warfare, or the general level of preparation for threats from a hostile environment. Such focus helps make the research outcome directional, delivering a practical understanding of how security management strategies should change in order to effectively respond to current issues. Using strategic foresight tools as the independent variable is logical as it depends on a specific and practice-oriented process that has the capacity to change the face of security management. The frameworks of strategic foresight asserted include scenario planning approach, trend analysis, and predictive modeling, and as pointed out by Voutilainen (2023), it allows organizations to not just arrange for defense mechanisms when a threat arises but actually predict these threats. This variable is most important to measure because it responds to the theme of the proactive approach, which is important for countering cybersecurity and hybrid warfare threats. Although other variables like organizational culture or funding levels are important, they are closer to the research concern of increasing foresight and anticipative capacities. Due to this, the study maintains a specific range of variables and findings, which make it relevant to both theory and practice environments significantly.
References
Allioui, H., & Mourdi, Y. (2023). Exploring the full potentials of IoT for better financial growth and stability: A comprehensive survey. Sensors, 23(19), 8015.
Dahlgren, C., & Bergman, K. (2020). A Conceptual Framework for Long-Term Strategic Foresight.
Desouza, K. C., Ahmad, A., Naseer, H., & Sharma, M. (2020). Weaponizing information systems for political disruption: The actor, lever, effects, and response taxonomy (ALERT). Computers & Security, 88, 101606.
Kohler, K. (2021). Strategic foresight: Knowledge, tools, and methods for the future. CSS Risk and Resilience Reports.
Mızrak, F. (2023). Integrating cybersecurity risk management into strategic management: a comprehensive literature review. Research Journal of Business and Management, 10(3), 98-108.
Nazareth, D. L., & Choi, J. (2015). A system dynamics model for information security management. Information & Management, 52(1), 123-134.
Sarjito, A. (2024). Enhancing National Security: Strategic Policy Development in Defense Management. Jurnal Pelita Nusantara, 2(1), 56-68.
Voutilainen, J. (2023). Foresight in emerging technologies: opportunities and threats.
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