introduction seminar

Module 2: Lecture Content 2

Plagiarism 

At AGMU Online Campus, we encourage you to read Student Regulations, Policies, and Procedures. Access:  Undergraduate CatalogLinks to an external site.

The Norms of Institutional Order, in section 11, states:  "The following acts or omissions constitute faults and/or noncompliance to the essential norms of good order and institutional coexistence, and shall carry disciplinary sanctions that may lead up to expulsion from the institution:

Lack of honesty, including fraud and plagiarism, concerning academic work or any action leading to it. "The lack of academic honesty, including fraud and plagiarism, infracts institutional norms."

Disciplinary procedures

Article VIII of Student Regulations, titled Disciplinary Proceedings, in section 3 states:  " It shall be considered a grave fault to act, or conspire to act, or intend to act as follows (9) Fraud in academic tests; lack of honesty".

"A grave fault is committed by a student and affects institutional order adversely, requiring a sanction greater than a reprimand or corrective measures.

Cases of violation or noncompliance with the norms will result in disciplinary sanctions. According to the severity and recurrence of the violation, among other factors to be considered by the professor and/or the Academic Council, the sanctions will range from a written reprimand to expulsion from the institution. 

AGM University Online Campus incorporates a plagiarism prevention tool for all written assignments. It allows your facilitator to check the originality of an assignment. According to the percentage of "lack of originality" and/or absence of references and citations, the professor may ask the student to repeat the assignment and may even apply corrective actions if the situation is repeated.

Can plagiarism lead to legal consequences?

Yes. The majority of the countries have copyright laws that protect authors and their work. Legal consequences depend on the applicable law in each country.

Self-plagiarism

An author is considered to plagiarize himself when he presents ideas, documents, or products that he has previously developed as if they were new or original. It is also considered self-plagiarism to "recycle texts" derived from one's own previous or existing works. From a copyright perspective, this does not appear to be a crime because, after all, the authorship of the ideas, documents, or products belongs to the author himself.  However, from the point of view of academic integrity, it is considered unethical. 

Why is it considered self-plagiarism?

Because it is not acknowledging that the work was previously done and/or presented in another class or another academic context, in other words, ethically, a student cannot publish old work as if it were a new assignment or research, but it can be cited. When authors decide to reuse previous work, they must cite it and modify or expand its content. Otherwise, they will be committing self-plagiarism.

How to avoid self-plagiarism?

Suppose the author decides to duplicate previous material. In that case, they should use it in a limited way (approximately 30%) and cite themselves as they would do with the work or ideas of other authors. Before citing yourself, you can write an introduction to the citation similar to:

· As I stated previously...

· In a previous paper, I stated that...

· For class XYZ, I concluded that... 

Additionally, handing in assignments in course re-takes, or using assignments for more than one course is considered Self-Plagiarism

Remember that:

Although you are the author and can cite portions of your previous work, extensive citations from previous work may violate fair use guidelines.

APA states that the essence of academic work should be an original contribution, and only the least number of previously published material should be included.  As the author of your work, you can take preventive measures to avoid self-plagiarism before submitting an assignment or publishing any academic work.

The idea is to include just enough material to facilitate the reader's understanding, or to make an introduction to a topic or original work to be presented later.  In these cases, it is essential to cite the previous work to identify the previous authorship of the cited material.

Module 2: Lecture Content 1

According to Chen (2019), honesty is a social value that generates actions of common benefit and is reflected in the congruence between what one thinks and what one does. Honesty fosters an environment of trust if oneself and others are sincere. The security and credibility that honesty generates help build a society that values the truth without lies or fraud.

According to Mercer (2019). " Maybe it's time society takes a hard look at its values." Here are some things many feel our society needs more  Empathy, Respect, Love, Loyalty, and Honesty.

Honesty is a universal value, and, at the academic level, we encourage you to establish this value as one of your ethical principles to maintain an excellent attitude that strengthens your image and a high level of professional practices for the benefit of society.

Other values to consider as a student are:

· Acting with integrity

· Speaking without prejudice

· Listening to others and contributing without offending

· Respect for diversity and appreciation for inclusion

We encourage you to consider the values that govern your life and identify those that will allow you to achieve your personal and professional goals.

When you develop this list, you will be outlining the set of principles and ethical standards that lead to a responsible, integral, fair, and rigorous academic practice in the university and professional environment.

How do we apply these to academic endeavors?

Plagiarism in Academic Settings

Plagiarism in education is part of academic dishonesty. The behavior can take many forms. Some examples:

a. failure to properly cite a source of information,

b. taking credit for a collaborative effort  as one's own work,

c. copying information without giving credit to the original author,

d. incorrect paraphrasing and not citing,

e. using the same work in another class, or

f. presenting a group paper as one's own in another class.

How to avoid plagiarism?

In academic settings, some of the steps to avoid plagiarism are:

1.

a. cite the reference source,

b. cite the reference source when paraphrasing,

c. refer to the source which serves as inspiration or basis for the work done, or

d. don't use the same work in more than one class.

Librarians can assist students and advise them on the correct way to cite work. AGMU's Learning Resource Center (LRC) teams are happy to help you either in-person or virtually.

You can connect with this team via the  AGMU websiteLinks to an external site.

Also, please be sure to watch for the APA Basics Webinars offered each Term. The recordings are available in the  AGMU Student Resource Center  at any time.

The APA Webinar Slide Deck can be downloaded here as a reference Download The APA Webinar Slide Deck can be downloaded here as a reference

References:

Chen, S. (2019). Authenticity in Context: Being True to Working Selves.  Review of General Psychology,  23(1), 60–72. https://doi.org/10.1037/gpr0000160Links to an external site.

Mercer, T. (2019).  Values in today's society. Youth First  https://youthfirstinc.org/values-in-todays-society/Links to an external site.

Module 2: Lecture Content 2

Plagiarism 

At AGMU Online Campus, we encourage you to read Student Regulations, Policies, and Procedures. Access:  Undergraduate CatalogLinks to an external site.

The Norms of Institutional Order, in section 11, states:  "The following acts or omissions constitute faults and/or noncompliance to the essential norms of good order and institutional coexistence, and shall carry disciplinary sanctions that may lead up to expulsion from the institution:

Lack of honesty, including fraud and plagiarism, concerning academic work or any action leading to it. "The lack of academic honesty, including fraud and plagiarism, infracts institutional norms."

Disciplinary procedures

Article VIII of Student Regulations, titled Disciplinary Proceedings, in section 3 states:  " It shall be considered a grave fault to act, or conspire to act, or intend to act as follows (9) Fraud in academic tests; lack of honesty".

"A grave fault is committed by a student and affects institutional order adversely, requiring a sanction greater than a reprimand or corrective measures.

Cases of violation or noncompliance with the norms will result in disciplinary sanctions. According to the severity and recurrence of the violation, among other factors to be considered by the professor and/or the Academic Council, the sanctions will range from a written reprimand to expulsion from the institution. 

AGM University Online Campus incorporates a plagiarism prevention tool for all written assignments. It allows your facilitator to check the originality of an assignment. According to the percentage of "lack of originality" and/or absence of references and citations, the professor may ask the student to repeat the assignment and may even apply corrective actions if the situation is repeated.

Can plagiarism lead to legal consequences?

Yes. The majority of the countries have copyright laws that protect authors and their work. Legal consequences depend on the applicable law in each country.

Self-plagiarism

An author is considered to plagiarize himself when he presents ideas, documents, or products that he has previously developed as if they were new or original. It is also considered self-plagiarism to "recycle texts" derived from one's own previous or existing works. From a copyright perspective, this does not appear to be a crime because, after all, the authorship of the ideas, documents, or products belongs to the author himself.  However, from the point of view of academic integrity, it is considered unethical. 

Why is it considered self-plagiarism?

Because it is not acknowledging that the work was previously done and/or presented in another class or another academic context, in other words, ethically, a student cannot publish old work as if it were a new assignment or research, but it can be cited. When authors decide to reuse previous work, they must cite it and modify or expand its content. Otherwise, they will be committing self-plagiarism.

How to avoid self-plagiarism?

Suppose the author decides to duplicate previous material. In that case, they should use it in a limited way (approximately 30%) and cite themselves as they would do with the work or ideas of other authors. Before citing yourself, you can write an introduction to the citation similar to:

· As I stated previously...

· In a previous paper, I stated that...

· For class XYZ, I concluded that... 

Additionally, handing in assignments in course re-takes, or using assignments for more than one course is considered Self-Plagiarism

Remember that:

Although you are the author and can cite portions of your previous work, extensive citations from previous work may violate fair use guidelines.

APA states that the essence of academic work should be an original contribution, and only the least number of previously published material should be included.  As the author of your work, you can take preventive measures to avoid self-plagiarism before submitting an assignment or publishing any academic work.

The idea is to include just enough material to facilitate the reader's understanding, or to make an introduction to a topic or original work to be presented later.  In these cases, it is essential to cite the previous work to identify the previous authorship of the cited material.