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Human Anatomy and Physiology II (AP2) Lab - BIOL 222LS

AP2-Lab Unit-7 Assignment – Digestive System

Instructor: Dr. Joseph Orban ( [email protected] )

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The Digestive System

1. The digestive tract starts from the mouth and ends at the anus. How long is the digestive tract?

2. Name three organs of the upper digestive tract.

3. Name three organs of the lower digestive tract

4. Name 6 accessory organs of the digestive tract

5. Name 4 functions of the digestive system

6. Name 2 major types or processes of digestion

7. On a daily basis, you eat food that contains carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. What is the end product when these nutrients are digested?

a. Carbohydrates –

b. Proteins -

c. Lipids -

8. Name 3 salivary glands

9. Name 5 functions of saliva

10. About 95.5% of saliva is water. Name 5 solutes that make up the remaining 0.5% of saliva

11. Name the 4 major types of teeth and indicate what they are used for?

12. The liver is an accessory organ of the digestive tract. It produces a substance that is stored in the gallbladder and is later used for the digestion of fat. What is the name of the substance?

13. Name the 3 major parts of the pancreas

14. The pancreas produces pancreatic juice. Name the 3 enzymes found in the pancreatic juice and indicate what nutrients they digest

15. Name the 3 major parts of the small intestine

16. Name the 4 major parts of the colon (large intestine)

17. The process of absorption involves the lumen of the small intestine, epithelial cells of the villus, and the blood capillaries in the villus. What action or force pulls the following ingredients into the blood capillary of the villus?

a. Starch in baked potato

b. Meat – chicken, beef, fish - Proteins (amino acids)

c. Creamy soup, cheese - Lipids (short chain fatty acids)

18. Name one thing that is produced in your mouth in large quantity when you think of, see, smell or taste food

19. Name 4 digestive organs that are controlled by the vagus nerve

20. What is the function of the following in the digestive system?

a. Amylase

b. Epiglottis

c. Peristalsis

d. Pepsin

e. Chyme

f. Pyloric Sphincter

g. Duodenum

h. Jejunum

i. Ileum

j. Lipase

Human Anatomy and Physiology II (AP2) Lab - BIOL 222LS

AP2-Lab Unit-8 Assignment – Endocrine System

Instructor: Dr. Joseph Orban ( [email protected] )

_____________________________________________________________________________________

You have been provided information for Human Anatomy and Physiology II (AP2) Lab, AP2-Lab Unit-, the Endocrine System. Using your Lab Book, reference Power-point and videos provided, study, identify and describe the following:

· Endocrine system organs

· Difference in communication in the body between endocrine and nervous systems

· Major endocrine system glands or organs and the hormones they produce

· Disorders associated with the endocrine system

· Functions or actions of the following hormones: insulin, glucagon, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone

Practice to learn and know by answering the following questions:

Please complete the assignment and study for exam. Do not submit in Canvas.

The Endocrine System

1. Name the major 9 endocrine system organs

2. Name 2 major functions of the endocrine system

3. What are hormones and how do they work?

4. List hormones that are produced by the following glands

a. Testis

b. Ovary

c. Placenta

d. Pancreas

e. Parathyroid

f. Pineal

g. Pituitary

h. Thyroid

i. Adrenal

5. What does a target cell or organ have in order for it to respond to the action of a hormone?

6. What is the difference in communication in the body between the endocrine system versus the nervous system?

7. What do the following hormone abbreviations stand for?

a. FSH

b. LH

c. TSH

d. ACTH

e. PRL

f. GH

g. OT

h. ADH

8. Which organs or glands do the following hormones affect or influence?

a. Prolactin

b. Growth hormone

c. Thyroid stimulating hormone

d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone

e. Luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormone

9. Define and describe the following endocrine system disorders

a. Acromegaly

b. Gigantism

c. Dwarfism

d. Congenital hypothyroidism

e. Myxedema

f. Endemic goiter

g. Toxic goiter

h. Cushing syndrome

i. Andrenogenital syndrome

10. Name two hormones that control blood sugar (glucose) level

11. Name the hormone that controls blood calcium level

12. Name two catecholamines that are produced from adrenal gland

13. What hormone helps to relieve stress?

14. Which hormone is responsible for developing pubic hair, underarm hair and increase sex drive?

15. What is the name of glands that have tubes or ducts to transport hormones they produce?

This Section is for Practice

Diagram Labeling: Part of the Exam on AP2-Lab Unit-8 will be diagram labeling; therefore, use your Lab book, power-point, and videos provided to study, learn, practice and know how to label the following Structures or identify some of the disorders of the Endocrine System:

Organs of the Endocrine System

· Pineal gland

· Hypothalamus

· Pituitary gland

· Thyroid gland

· Parathyroid gland

· Thymus

· Adrenal gland

· Pancreas

· Gonads

Endocrine System Disorders

· Acromegaly

· Gigantism

· Dwarfism

· Goiter

· Cushing Syndrome

· Andrenoginital syndrome