ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

Unit 6: Lesson 1

Objectives:

• Explain the concept of 'figurative language' as it pertains to elements of literature
• Understand and explain the various types of figurative language
• Identify the types of figurative language in a reading selection

Directions:

Step 1: Read the lesson on Figurative Language.

Step 2: Complete Lesson 1 Part A, B, & C Assignments below.

Figurative language is often defined as any language that is not literal. This means, the writer uses words to create meaning that may be hidden. They might be trying to say that the water is beautiful, but instead say the water is ‘as blue as a precious topaz stone’. Doesn’t it sound more interesting than just saying, the water is beautiful? The trick or puzzle here is that the reader is left to “figure” out what the writer is trying to say! Let’s look at some examples of Figurative Language.

There are many types of figurative language, they include, but are not limited to the following:

1. Alliteration – The repetition of the same or very similar consonant sounds in words that are close together.

For example:
a. The slight sloshing sensation of the ocean moves silently.
b. Yesterday Ulysses used a yellow paint pallet.

2. Analogy: A comparison between two things. It can be a comparison, a simile, a metaphor, or other type of comparison.

3. Hyperbole – When something is over-stated. (*Tip to remember- When someone is hyper, how do they behave? They over-react and are often loud etc.)

For example:
When dad and I went fishing, we must have caught a million fish!

4. Imagery: Suggests a mental picture of sights, sounds, smells, tastes, feelings, or other impressions. May be verbal or visual.

5. Inference: What idea can you INFER from the selection? The reader makes a decision based on interpretation, not direct statements.

6. Metaphor – A comparison between two completely different things without using the words “like” or “as” in the statement.

For example:
a. The Ocean is a gleaming blue bowl.
b. The river is a mirror.

7. Simile – A comparison between two different things using the words “like” or “as” in the statement.

For example:
a. Susan is as pretty as a picture.
b. The leaves on the trees shine like glass.

8. Tone – How the author feels about his or her subject. The author's style conveys the tone in literature. Tone may be expressed as the author's attitude.

9. Personification – is one type of figurative language where an idea, object or abstract concept (i.e. Father Time or Mother Earth), is given human characteristics. In simpler terms, we take something that is not human, like a tree and give it qualities a person would possess (personifying).

For example:
a. The tall oak tree salutes every visitor that comes to the park. In this example, the tree isn’t really saluting anyone, but the reader can visualize a tall tree standing straight in the air like a general saluting someone as they pass by.

b. If you have ever seen Disney’s Beauty and the Beast, the castle is full of fun characters that are not human (Mrs. Potts, the teapot and her son Chip, the tea cup, Lumiere, the candelabra, Cogsworth, the clock).

c. "Terror made me cruel; and finding it useless to attempt shaking the creature off, I pulled its wrist on to the broken pane, and rubbed it to and fro till the blood ran down and soaked the bedclothes..."
- Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights, Ch. 3
In this quote, “terror” is personified…it is not a “creature” to be shaken off, it is an ideal.

10. Anthropomorphism – is one type of figurative language when an animal is given human characteristics.

For example:
a. The cast in Disney’s, Lion King. Visit this link to see an example of anthropomorphism:

► http://youtu.be/xB5ceAruYrI

b. Winnie the Pooh

Unit 6: Lesson 1 – Part A Assignment

Directions: Respond to the following questions in Part A, B, & C.

1. List and label the figurative language in the following lyrics.
2. What do you think the lyrics mean figuratively? (What do you think the writer is saying?)

“You don't have to feel like a waste of space
You're original, cannot be replaced
If you only knew what the future holds
After a hurricane comes a rainbow”
- Firework by: Katy Perry

Unit 6: Lesson 1 – Part B Assignment

3. Read the following lines from Emily Dickinson’s Poem. List and label the figurative language.
4. What do you think the poet is speaking about?

A BIRD came down the walk:
He did not know I saw;
He bit an angle-worm in halves
And ate the fellow, raw.
And then he drank a dew
From a convenient grass,
And then hopped sidewise to the wall
To let a beetle pass.
- XXIII - Emily Dickinson

Unit 6: Lesson 1 – Part C Assignment

5. Read the following stanzas from Maya Angelou’s, “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings” and list and label the figurative language.
6. What do you think the poet is speaking about?

The free bird leaps
on the back of the win
and floats downstream
till the current ends
and dips his wings
in the orange sun rays
and dares to claim the sky.
- Maya Angelou, “I Know Why the caged Bird Sings”

Submit your answers to Unit 6, Lessons 1 Part A, Part B and Part C at the same time.

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