assign-wk-3-anato

CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

There are __________ major parts to a cell:

1. ___________________________________ 2. ___________________________________ 3. ___________________________________

THE PLASMA MEMBRANE

The plasma membrane is made up of a ____________________ ___________________.

Intermixed inside of the membrane are proteins. Those proteins are divided into two groups: 1. Integral proteins: ____________________________________________________ 2. Peripheral proteins: __________________________________________________

There are several funcAons of a membrane proteins: (what are they funcAons; are they integral or transmembrane proteins?)

1. Ion channel: ____________________________________________ ______________ 2. Carrier: ________________________________________________ ______________ 3. Receptor: ______________________________________________ ______________ 4. Enzyme: _______________________________________________ ______________ 5. Linker: ________________________________________________ ______________

CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

6. Cell IdenAty Marker: _____________________________________ ______________

The ability to move proteins around the bilayer is known as: _______________ ____________?

______________ ________________: the cell membrane will only allow certain molecules to enter or exit the cell.

A _______________ _________________ is the difference in chemical concentraAon on each side of the plasma membrane. A _______________ _________________ is the difference in ion concentraAon on each side of the plasma membrane. Together, those gradients make up an ___________________________ __________________.

Transport processes across a cell membrane are: Passive processes _______________ ___________________ _______________ ___________________ ____________________ AcAve processes _____________ and _______________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

SIMPLE DIFFUSION

_____________________ is the movements of chemicals across a membrane from an area of _______________ concentraAon to an area of _______________ concentraAon. What factors influence diffusion?

1. _________________________________ 2. _________________________________ 3. _________________________________ 4. _________________________________ 5. _________________________________

CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

The movement across a membrane via use of transmembrane proteins that are too polar or too highly charged to move through the lipid bilayer: ____________________ ________________.

CYTOPLASM Divided into 2 components:

1. _____________________ - also known as the intracellular fluid porAon of the cytoplasm.

2. _____________________ - the specialized structures that have specific shapes and perform specific funcAons.

DNA STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION ________ is the structure within a cell that carries the geneAc material for inheritance. It is found in the ______________________ and the ________________________ of the cell.

DNA is commonly described to have a ________________________ structure that resembles a spiral staircase.

DNA is made up of four __________________________________________.

________________________ pairs with ________________________

________________________ pairs with ________________________

CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

If you were to look into the nucleus of a cell for the DNA, you would find it not as only strands of a double helix structure but rather complexed with proteins and filaments into a structure called _________________ which can be further condensed into 46 _____________________.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

DNA STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION ________ is the structure within a cell that carries the geneAc material for inheritance. It is found in the ______________________ and the ________________________ of the cell.

DNA is commonly described to have a ________________________ structure that resembles a spiral staircase.

DNA is made up of four __________________________________________.

________________________ pairs with ________________________

________________________ pairs with ________________________

If you were to look into the nucleus of a cell for the DNA, you would find it not as only strands of a double helix structure but rather complexed with proteins and filaments into a structure called _________________ which can be further condensed into 46 _____________________.

CELL DIVISION A human cell divides via ____________________, which is broken down into the following phases:

__________________________: occurs in the nucleus. The process by which genetic info encoded in __________ is copies into a strand of __________ to direct protein synthesis.

__________________________: occurs in the nucleus and is the process of reading __________ nucleotide sequence to determine the amino acid sequence of the newly formed protein.

CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

A) ___________________________: chromaAn condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear membrane disappears and centrosomes move to the opposite poles

B) ____________________________: centromeres of chromosomes line up at the

______________________ plate

C) ____________________________: centromeres of chromosomes split, and sister

chromaAds move toward opposite poles of the cell

D) ____________________________: the mitoAc spindle dissolves, chromosomes

regain their chromaAn appearance, and a new nuclear membrane forms

CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

AGING AND CELLS

As we age, our cells: 1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

Cancer: