answer questions with 2 pages

tnash4

1. A fundamental assumption of administrative reformers in the late 1800s and early 1900s was that politics could have only adverse effects on administration. How valid is that belief? Why? How, and to what extent, do current administrative structures and practices reflect that assumption? And do you see another side to politics, i.e. as a constructive force in governance?
2. A good measurement should be both valid and reliable. What is validity and reliability? Discuss a tension between reliability and validity with an example.
3. In many ways there is a symbiotic relationship between employee development and performance management. Discuss the relationship between the two HR management functions, and how you can effectively use performance management to ensure effective employee development and use employee development to ensure high-quality employee performance.