Annotated Bibliograph & Literature Review

1

Title of Paper

Begin your paper with the paper title at the top of the first page of text. The paper title

acts as a de facto Level 1 heading: It is centered and in bold title case font. Do not use the

heading “Introduction”; text at the beginning of the paper is assumed to be the introduction.

APA Style headings have five possible levels. Each main section starts with the highest

level of heading, even if one section has fewer levels of subheading than another section. For

example, in a paper with Level 1 Method, Results, and Discussion headings, the Method and

Results sections may each have two levels of subheading (Levels 2 and 3), and the Discussion

section may have only one level of subheading (Level 2).

Level 2 Heading in the Introduction

Use Level 2 headings for any headings within the introduction, Level 3 for subsections of

any Level 2 headings, and so on.

Level 2 Heading in the Introduction

Avoid having only one subsection heading within a section, just like in an outline. Use

at least two subsection headings within a section or use no subsection headings at all (e.g., in an

outline, a section numbered with a Roman numeral would be divided into either a minimum of A

and B subsections or no subsections; an A subsection would not stand alone).

Level 1 Heading for First Main Section After the Introduction

After the introduction (regardless of whether it includes headings), use a Level 1 heading

for the next main section of the paper (e.g., Method).

Level 2 Heading

Use Level 2 headings for subsections of Level 1 headings. Do not label headings with

numbers or letters.

Level 2 Heading

All topics of equal importance should have the same level of heading. For example, in

a multiexperiment paper, the headings for the Method and Results sections for Experiment 1

should be the same level as the headings for the Method and Results sections for Experiment

2, with parallel wording. In a single-experiment paper, the Method, Results, and Discussion

2

sections should all have the same heading level.

Level 3 Heading

Use Level 3 headings for subsections of Level 2 headings. Do not use abbreviations in

headings unless they already defined in the text.

Level 3 Heading

The number of levels of heading needed for a paper depends on its length and complexity.

Three levels of heading is average.

Level 4 Heading. Use Level 4 headings for subsections of Level 3 headings. Use only

the number of headings necessary to differentiate distinct sections in your paper. Short student

papers may not require any headings.

Level 4 Heading. It is not necessary to add blank lines before or after headings, even if a

heading falls at the end of a page. Do not add extra spacing between paragraphs.

Level 5 Heading. Use Level 5 headings for subsections of Level 4 headings. In the

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.), Table 2.3 shows how

to format each level of heading, Figure 2.4 demonstrates the use of headings in the introduction,

and Figure 2.5 lists all the headings used in a sample paper in the correct format. In the Concise

Guide to APA Style (7th ed.), this content is found in Table 1.3, Figure 1.3, and Figure 1.4,

respectively.

Level 5 Heading. The sample papers at the end of Chapter 2 in the Publication Manual

and Chapter 1 in the Concise Guide show the use of headings in context. Additional sample

papers can be found on the APA Style website (https://apastyle.apa.org)

More information on heading levels can be found in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.) Section 2.27 and in the Concise Guide to APA Style (7th ed.) Section 1.26.

SOURCE: American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000

CREDIT: MELANIE R. FOWLER, FLORIDA SOUTHERN COLLEGE

Annotated Bibliography by Candi Jackson

Submission date: 09-Sep-2026 12:04AM (UTC-0500) Submission ID: 3027406046

File name: 52930_Candi_Jackson_Annotated_Bibliography_3527145_2004447334.docx (21.63K)

Word count: 764

Character count: 4367

1

Hi Candi, This is a good start for the assignment. There are 5 points deducted because the required full-text articles were not provided. There is opportunity to gain more points when they are received for further grading. There are a few formatting issues identified in the paper. Additionally, you provide 2 articles to establish validity for the GAD-7 and 2 articles for the Shyness Scale. This is not necessary. Your articles (7) should be focused on information about shyness in college students, anxiety in college students, or the relationship between these 2 factors in college students or young adults. There is feedback provided in the paper. Dr. Hodges-Crowder

4

jpurnal title formatting incorrect

This should be a link

use correct wording for their findings. What did it specifically identify reliably?

How does this relate to your research? What is your research?

This article is 45 years old. Is it relevant?

The researchers investigated

How does it relate to or support your research investigation?

The college students participated in the study.

3

5

6

Results indicate the scale has good reliability and validity?

What item phrasing?

Good job here!

You do not need 2 studies for validity of your measure.

formatting issue

The researchers investigated

Why do you need 2 validity studies?

formatting issue

the severity of anxiety symptoms.

Identify your research specifically.

1

1

2

this should be a link

The researchers

withdetermined that

research shows a relationship between which is?

Shyness and anxiety are never considered the same. They are 2 different constructs.

There is no need for this article

16% SIMILARITY INDEX

6% INTERNET SOURCES

6% PUBLICATIONS

14% STUDENT PAPERS

1 7%

2 2%

3 2%

4 2%

5 1%

6 1%

Exclude quotes Off

Exclude bibliography On

Exclude matches Off

Annotated Bibliography ORIGINALITY REPORT

PRIMARY SOURCES

Submitted to Northwestern State University Student Paper

Submitted to Victoria College Student Paper

Submitted to Far Eastern University Student Paper

cdn.ymaws.com Internet Source

Georgina Georgina. "EFFECT OF REALITYTHERAPY ON ADOLESCENTS' SUBSTANCE ABUSE BEHAVIOUR IN JUVENILE CORRECTIONAL CENTRES IN LAGOS STATE", Journal of Professional Counselling, 2026 Publication

neuroscirn.org Internet Source

FINAL GRADE

20/30

Annotated Bibliography GRADEMARK REPORT

GENERAL COMMENTS

PAGE 1

Text Comment. Hi Candi, This is a good start for the assignment. There are 5 points deducted because the required full-text articles were not provided. There is opportunity to gain more points when they are received for further grading. There are a few formatting issues identified in the paper. Additionally, you provide 2 articles to establish validity for the GAD-7 and 2 articles for the Shyness Scale. This is not necessary. Your articles (7) should be focused on information about shyness in college students, anxiety in college students, or the relationship between these 2 factors in college students or young adults. There is feedback provided in the paper. Dr. Hodges-Crowder

PAGE 2

Text Comment. jpurnal title formatting incorrect

Text Comment. This should be a link

Text Comment. use correct wording for their findings. What did it specifically identify reliably?

Strikethrough.

Text Comment. How does this relate to your research? What is your research?

Text Comment. This article is 45 years old. Is it relevant?

Text Comment. The researchers investigated

Strikethrough.

Text Comment. How does it relate to or support your research investigation?

Strikethrough.

Strikethrough.

Text Comment. The college students participated in the study.

PAGE 3

Text Comment. Results indicate the scale has good reliability and validity?

Text Comment. What item phrasing?

Text Comment. Good job here!

Text Comment. You do not need 2 studies for validity of your measure.

Text Comment. formatting issue

Text Comment. The researchers investigated

Strikethrough.

Text Comment. Why do you need 2 validity studies?

Text Comment. formatting issue

Text Comment. the severity of anxiety symptoms.

Strikethrough.

Text Comment. Identify your research specifically.

PAGE 4

Text Comment. this should be a link

Text Comment. The researchers

Strikethrough.

Text Comment. with

Text Comment. determined that

Strikethrough.

Strikethrough.

Strikethrough.

Strikethrough.

Text Comment. research shows a relationship between

Text Comment. which is?

Text Comment. Shyness and anxiety are never considered the same. They are 2 different constructs.

Strikethrough.

Text Comment. There is no need for this article

Strikethrough.

GRADING FORM: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

CANDI JACKSON 20

APA FORMAT 10 POINTS

8

RELATION TO TOPIC 5 PTS

4

SHORT SUMMARY FOR EACH P 5 PTS

3.5

SHORT REF. FOR EACH P 5 PTS

3.5

SEVEN OR MORE ARTICLES 5 PTS

1

Deviations from APA formatting noted in the text.

Some articles are related to the measurement tool rather than the actual research topic.

See comments in text.

See comments in paper.

Full text articles not provided.