American Georgian chapter 22
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IDES312ch-25-PPTaccessible.pptx
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IDES312chapter22AmericanGeorgianterms.docx
IDES 312-Chapter 22 – AMERICAN GEORGIAN – the 1700s-1780s
Vocabulary terms
CLASSICAL MOTIFS: see examples in the reading
1. Pilasters
2. Pediments
3. Dentil moldings
4. Balustrades
5. Round arch with keystones
6. Quoins
COMMON INTERIOR MOTIFS: (Fig.22-1)
7. Ear
8. Shell
9. Acanthus leaf
10. Rosette
11. Pineapple or Pinecone
FURNITURE MOTIFS: (Fig. 22-1, 22-12, 22-16, 22-17)
12. Classical - (columns and moldings)
13. Rococo – shells and flowers
14. Chinese – fretwork and bamboo
ARCHITECTURE:
15. Using the elevation on the bottom of page 252, define the terms listed. You may use one photo with arrows or create a list/define/picture for each component.
INTERIORS:
16. Show examples of colors used in public and private spaces.
17. Early flooring and floor cloths
18. Using figure 22-11 identify with a photo and definition of the elements of the space as listed.
19. Textiles: palamporees
20. Lighting: candlesticks, wall sconce, chandelier
FURNISHINGS AND DECORATIVE ARTS:
21. Queen Anne
22. Chippendale
23. Thomas Chippendale
24. Japanning
25. Walnut wood
26. Mahogany wood
27. Maple wood
28. Cherry wood
29. Pine wood
Seating:
30. Queen Anne chairs-identify each part of the chair, top to bottom Use the photo below for terms and look up definitions.
31. Chippendale-style chairs – define all parts.
32. Windsor chairs – define all parts
33. Easy chairs – wingback chair type.
34. QA &Chipp - Tea table
35. QA & Chipp - Piecrust table
36. QA & Chipp - sideboard
37. QA & Chipp - drop-leaf desk
38. Newport block-front chest of drawers
39. Shell carving
40. Bombé chests
41. QA & CHipp - highboy – use each term from the photo on page 259, fig. 22-17 to define.
42. QA -& Chipp - lowboy
43. QA Philadelphia dressing table
44. Poster beds – QA and Chippendale
45. QA & Chipp - Canopy
46. QA & Chipp - Tester cornice
47. Pewter
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IDES312ch-25-PPTaccessible.pptx
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present
First Edition
Chapter 25
American Federal
1776 – 1820
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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1
American Federal
First phase of Neoclassical in United States
Based primarily on English modes, but some French influences
Inception coincides with establishment of U.S. government, hence its name
Classical details & ornament, slender proportions, contrasting circular & rectangular shape
Simpler & smaller scale than Neoclassical in England or France
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
2
Concepts
New nation needs an official architecture to legitimize emancipation & personify cultural identity
Leaders acquainted with European trends
Advocate Neoclassicism
Models from Greece & Rome, ancient republics
Propose Neoclassical-style national architecture
Visual metaphor linking old republics with the new one
Follow English models because of continuing cultural ties with England
Robert Adam—interiors; Hepplewhite & Sheraton—furniture
Some Louis
influences
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
25.1
Motifs and Architectural Details: Top from left: Eagle inlay from card table, c. 1790-1820; Rhode Island; pair of vases, c. 1810-1830; France, possibly Paris; and bottom: doorway, Wickham-Valentine House, 1811; Richmond, Virginia. American Federal.
Table and vases courtesy of the Diplomatic Reception Rooms, U.S. Department of State
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Architecture
Domestic, not monumental, scale for all buildings
Wood-frame construction & mostly brick exteriors
Designers: gentleman amateurs or master craftsmen, not architects
Lacks strong theoretical base of European Neoclassical
Imitative, not necessarily innovative
Georgian forms, but taller, more slender
Circular or elliptical forms—windows, doors, projecting porches, fan lights
Classical moldings & ornament—low relief, delicate in scale
Found on all building types, mostly in urban settings
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
5
25.2
Massachusetts State House, 1795-1798; Boston Massachusetts; Charles Bulfinch. American Federal.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
25.3
Meetinghouse, 1816; Lancaster, Massachusetts; Charles Bulfinch. American Federal.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Long Description:
The rectangular building has a projecting front section supporting a two-stage tower, with an arcaded and pedimented corridor at the front. It consists of three high openings with round-arch tops, which frame three entry doors (the central one taller) behind. The arches have pilasters that rise to an entablature and a fully enclosed gable pediment. The pediment is lined by modillioned cornices, with plain brickwork in the tympanum. The sides of the corridor are also arched and pilastered. The tower section, whose interior houses the vestibule area, rises the width of the building corridor to the height of the gable peak, where there is a cornice line above which rises the tower, flanked by carved wooden fan designs. The first stage of the building is square, with clock faces adorning otherwise plain brick walls.
7
25.4a
First Harrison Gray Otis House and floor plan, 1795-1796; Boston, Massachusetts; architecture by Charles Bulfinch. American Federal.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Long Description:
The house is a three story brick structure, rectangular in shape, with a three-story ell extending the rear. The brick has a Flemish bond, and the trim is white marble. The roof has a set of posts above a modillioned cornice, pierced by two interior brick chimneys. It has a marble trim band that separating the floors, and the third-floor windows are short. All windows have black shutters has lintels with a keystone.
8
25.4b
First Harrison Gray Otis House, dining room, 1795-1796; Boston, Massachusetts; architecture by Charles Bulfinch. American Federal.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Long Description:
A dining room has wooden chairs and tables. The rug spread on the floor integrates the ceiling design. The chairs have rectangular backs. The ceiling has honeysuckle motifs and a rosette in the circle, and it is compartmented with classical motifs to Roman stuccowork.
9
25.5a
Gardner-Pingree House and porch ,1804-1805; Salem, Massachusetts; Samuel McIntire. American Federal.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Long Description:
The building has an emphasis on symmetrical balance. The balustrade on the top hides low pitched roof. The top has cornice. It has brick construction, a string course layer on every floor, and windows have lintel with keystone. The windows are six over six double hung windows. The entrance has a semicircular projecting porch supported by slender columns. The house sites on street.
10
25.5
Gardner-Pingree House, parlor, 1804-1805; Salem, Massachusetts; Samuel McIntire. American Federal.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
11
25.6
Monticello and floor plan, begun 1777, remodeled 1793-1809; Charlottesville, Virginia; Thomas Jefferson. American Federal.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Long Description 1:
The building has a three-story brick basement that has each room in a different shape. There are two main entrances, and the windows on the second story start at floor level and with the first-story windows in a single frame, which gives the impression that there is only a single story. A central octagonal dome dominates the structure.
Long Description 2:
It shows the hall in the center. On its top is a saloon. On the right of the salon is the dining room followed by the tea room. On the right of the hall is two chambers. To the left of the saloon is The Jefferson's room and to the left of the hall is the library. To the left of the library is an underground passage.
12
25.7
Nathaniel Russell House, before 1809;Charleston, South Carolina; Russell Warren. American Federal.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Long Description:
The building has a balustrade that hides low pitched roof and a cornice on the top. The building has brick construction, stringcourse, and relieving arches. It has a lintel with keystone and a tall double hung window with thin mullions. The entrance has a fanlight window over the entry door and double doors with panels. The house sites on street.
13
Interiors
Modeled on those of Robert Adam
Smaller, more simply decorated, fewer colors
Elegant, refined, formal, classical elements & motifs
Bright, clear colors
More textiles than before because of industrialization
Wall-to-wall carpet, window treatments, bed hangings
Style spreads—pattern books; fashion periodicals; immigrant craftsmen, cabinetmakers & upholsterers; imported furnishings & finishes; travel
Room use remains as before
One exception—more dining rooms
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
25.8
Stair hall, Wickham-Valentine House, 1811; Richmond, Virginia; Alexander Parris. American Federal.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
15
25.9
Textiles: Toile de Jouy print with symbols of the new American Republic.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
25.10
Lighting: Argand lamp, late 18th century; United States.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Furnishings And Decorative Arts
Same scale, contrasts, classical ornament of European Neoclassical
Adam, Hepplewhite, Sheraton, Louis
Simpler with national symbols to establish & maintain cultural identity
Light scale, slender proportions, straight & usually tapering legs, reeding, fluting, spade or thimble feet, contrasts of circles & rectangles
Veneers, marquet
IDES312chapter22AmericanGeorgianterms.docx
IDES 312-Chapter 22 – AMERICAN GEORGIAN – the 1700s-1780s
Vocabulary terms
CLASSICAL MOTIFS: see examples in the reading
1. Pilasters
2. Pediments
3. Dentil moldings
4. Balustrades
5. Round arch with keystones
6. Quoins
COMMON INTERIOR MOTIFS: (Fig.22-1)
7. Ear
8. Shell
9. Acanthus leaf
10. Rosette
11. Pineapple or Pinecone
FURNITURE MOTIFS: (Fig. 22-1, 22-12, 22-16, 22-17)
12. Classical - (columns and moldings)
13. Rococo – shells and flowers
14. Chinese – fretwork and bamboo
ARCHITECTURE:
15. Using the elevation on the bottom of page 252, define the terms listed. You may use one photo with arrows or create a list/define/picture for each component.
INTERIORS:
16. Show examples of colors used in public and private spaces.
17. Early flooring and floor cloths
18. Using figure 22-11 identify with a photo and definition of the elements of the space as listed.
19. Textiles: palamporees
20. Lighting: candlesticks, wall sconce, chandelier
FURNISHINGS AND DECORATIVE ARTS:
21. Queen Anne
22. Chippendale
23. Thomas Chippendale
24. Japanning
25. Walnut wood
26. Mahogany wood
27. Maple wood
28. Cherry wood
29. Pine wood
Seating:
30. Queen Anne chairs-identify each part of the chair, top to bottom Use the photo below for terms and look up definitions.
31. Chippendale-style chairs – define all parts.
32. Windsor chairs – define all parts
33. Easy chairs – wingback chair type.
34. QA &Chipp - Tea table
35. QA & Chipp - Piecrust table
36. QA & Chipp - sideboard
37. QA & Chipp - drop-leaf desk
38. Newport block-front chest of drawers
39. Shell carving
40. Bombé chests
41. QA & CHipp - highboy – use each term from the photo on page 259, fig. 22-17 to define.
42. QA -& Chipp - lowboy
43. QA Philadelphia dressing table
44. Poster beds – QA and Chippendale
45. QA & Chipp - Canopy
46. QA & Chipp - Tester cornice
47. Pewter
image1.jpeg
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