effects of population growth on environment

POPULATION GROWTH

Name

Walden

NASC 1001 - Environmental Science

POPULATION GROWTH

Rapidly increasing human population and changing socio-economic lifestyles of different

communities has led to greater natural resource exploitation which has been identified as the

greatest threats to wildlife conservation within rangelands the world over (WRI 1997; Ellis et al.

diversification of land-use activities near conservation areas. All of these factors have contributed to

unprecedented human–wildlife conflicts (Western 1982; Ellis et al. 1999). The changes in land

ownership and policies from communal to freehold holdings has facilitated a market-oriented

economy, which tends to promote expansion of crop agriculture and commercialization of livestock

production systems around wildlife conservation areas (Galaty 1994). Consequences of these

changes on land-use patterns include declining ecological, economic and social integrity of

rangelands due to fragmentation of landscapes, declining rangeland productivity, diminishing

wildlife migratory corridors, wildlife populations and diversity, and cultural and economic

diversification due to immigration (Gichohi et al. 1996).

In Kenya and many parts of the world, protected areas have proved to be too small to sustainably

maintain long-term, viable wildlife populations and diversity (Newmark, 1993). More than 70% of

wildlife is found outside national parks and game reserves in Kenya (Western and Pearl 1989).

Private and communally owned lands within pastoral areas/rangelands provide wildlife the needed

movement and dispersal areas.

Reduction in land sizes and connectivity, pastoral mobility and livestock grazing areas have been

population outside and a diminution of land per capita. Some communities have planted their crops

in arid lands, usually encroaching areas of wildlife. As a result, human and wildlife share natural

resources in these areas (Chiemelu, 2004), creating a spatial competition since some of the

resources like freshwater are unevenly distributed in space and time. The cultivated crops are

infringing on the migratory corridors of wildlife. On the other hand, local population considers

wildlife as an obstacle for development since it damages crops, buildings or kills cattle or even

people. In response, human kill wildlife, which only contributes to further increase the human

wildlife conflicts.

According to the 2009 population census, Rimoi's population was estimated to be 18,544 people

and was estimated to be 12,269 people in 1997 population census with an annual growth rate of

biodiversity conservation as the demand for land and other natural resources will continue to

increase. This is worsened by the fact that about 86% of the local population depend on both

individual and communal lands for their daily subsistence and also because of poverty, people tend

to rely on' natural resources for their survival. As is the case in other ASAL areas in Kenya, Rimoi

Population density and natural resource exploitation in Rimoi eco-system in the selected

villagesa

Location

(people/km2)

%of area under

Kabulwa 65 47.

Kessup 65 41.

Setek 11 11.

Siroch 11 16.

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