Beyonca Freeman
9/28/2022
Fractional Distillation Experiment
Discussion:
The purpose of fractional distillation is to purify and separate chemicals. The chemicals given
were toluene and mesitylene for distillation. After the experiment, the results were also
analyzed using HPLC and GC-MS.
Data:
HPLC separation (Toluene)
Compound
Ret. Time
Area
Area %
Toluene
2.787
7216090
85.097
Mesitylene
3.825
1217055
14.352
HPLC separation (Mesitylene)
Compound
Ret. Time
Area
Area %
Toluene
2.786
5332443
32.883
Mesitylene
3.810
10838007
66.8345
GC-MS (Toluene)
Compound
Time
Area Percent
Molecular weight
Toluene
3.254
69.13
92.14 g/mol
Mesitylene
6.340
30.67
120.19 g/mol
GC-MS (Mesitylene)
Compound
Time
Area Percent
Molecular weight
Toluene
3.250
27.34
92.14 g/mol
Mesitylene
6.394
71.59
120.19 g/mol
Results/Error:
Based on the data tables above, it is concluded that the toluene and mesitylene recovered were
not pure. This is because the recovered toluene was 85% and the recovered mesitylene was
66%. Based on these results the samples recovered contain impurities still. This can be
attributed to human error. For example, not colleting enough condensation. Another would be
not letting the sample heat up long enough.
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Questions:
1. If the boiling points of two compounds differ by 70 degrees Celsius at atmospheric
pressure, it will affect the relationship of boiling points by decreasing the pressure to
1mm. This is due to the fact that as temperature and pressure decrease, the boiling
point also decreases, by decreasing the pressure.
2. If the distilling flask is more than half full, the efficiency of the distillation will decrease.
This is because it leaves risk of part of the mixture contaminating the already distilled
liquid.
3. The general type of column that was used was a reversed-phase column. The mesitylene
elute last because of its polarity and boiling point.
4. Mesitylene elutes last on the GC because it has a higher boiling point. The lower boiling
point something has, the higher its vapor pressure will be and it will spend the least
amount of time in the gas phase. Therefore, since mesitylene has a higher boiling pint
than toluene, it solute elute last.
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Chromatogram
13twm
C:\GCMSsolution\Data\Project!\I3twm.qed
13811,658
Peak
Report
TIC
Peak#
Rime
Area%
Sa
69.13
0.09
30.67
0.11
100.00.
Lines
R
Time:3.255(Scarf52)
MassPeaks:170
RawMode
Averaged
3
250-3
26XS1-$3)
BasePeak
91(
8368781
BG
Mode
Cale.
from
Peak
Group
I
-
Event
1
100
0"
140”
100”
180
This study source was downloaded by 100000895214094 from coursesidekick.com on 12-31-2024 03:09:29 GMT -06:00
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