PHL 111 Module Six Study Guide: Recognizing, Analyzing, &
Constructing Arguments
Course: Introduction to Critical Thinking
1. This is an ill-defined complex of problems involving controversy and/or uncertainty.
a. Issue
b. Problem
c. Argument
d. Premise
Answer: Issue
2. Rhetoric is also known by which of the following phrases?
a. The art of illusion
b. The art of logic
c. The art of nonsense
d. The art of persuasion
Answer: D- The art of persuasion
3. Which of the following is NOT an indicator word for conclusion?
a. Therefore
b. Consequently
c. Since
d. Hence
Answer: Since
4. When evaluating an argument, generally the first step is ensuring that the argument is
_____
a. Valid
b. Sound
c. Clear
Answer: C- Clear
5. Good critical thinkers are _____ likely to recognize a conflict.
a. Less
b. More
Answer: B- More
6. A failure to define the issue at stake in an essay cause which of the following
problems?
a. An unfocused discussion
b. A shallow discussion
c. A shallow and unfocused discussion
d. A deep discussion
Answer: C- A shallow and unfocused discussion
7. ______ , or the art of persuasion, is used to promote a particular position or worldview.
Answer: Rhetoric
8. Which of the following is an indicator for a conclusion?
a. Given that
b. Since
c. Consequently
d. Because
Answer: C- Consequently
9. “Religion is the cause of all wars!” Is this claim clear or does it suffer from vagueness?
a. Vague
b. Clear
Answer: Vague
10. When analyzing multiple perspectives on an issue, which of the following is a good
practice?
a. Consider each reason equally when reaching a decision
b. Assign weights to competing reasons before reaching a decision
Answer: B- Assign weights to competing reasons before reaching a decision
