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Know the following terms and concepts
1. . Worldview
- It is the basis for your moral decision making.
2. Essentialism
- a belief that things have a set of characteristics which make them what they are,
and that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery and expression; the
doctrine that essence is prior to existence.
3. Atheism
- God does not exist
4. Natural and Special Revelation
Natural Revelation
- in a general way God has revealed, and continues to reveal,
- His moral will to all mankind.
Special Revelation
- God makes known vital truths about HImself which He has not made
known in nature
5. Proof-texting
- Taking scripture out of context to support a personal interpretation.
- Informal Logical Fallacies:
6. Bandwagon
- Justifying a course of action because everyone is doing it.
7. Straw Man
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- Misrepresenting a position to make it seem weaker than it really is or to demonize
the position to make it sound worse than it is and then to act as if the argument
has been won when the real issue hasn’t even been addressed.
8. Ad Hominem
- (Lit. “To the man”) Seeking to discredit a person’s argument by attacking their
personal character, origin, associations, etc.
9. Is/Ought
Naturalistic Fallacy
- Concluding about the way things ought to be simply on the basis of how things
are or are assumed to be.
10. Red Herring
- Raising an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the primary issue.
- This argument appeals to a person’s fears or sense of pity.
Know the following key concepts of each of the following:
11. Know the five-worldview questions.
A. The question of origin
- “How did life begin in the first place?”
- “Where did I come from?”
B. The question of identity
- “What does it mean to be human?”
- “Am I more important than animals?”
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C. The question of meaning (purpose)
- “what is meant by right and wrong?”
- “Why am I here?”
D. The question of morality (ethics)
- “What is meant by right and wrong?”
- “How should I live?”
E. The question of destiny
- “Is there life after death?”
- “What will happen to me when I die?”
- “Will I have to answer for the choices I made and how I lived my life?”
12. Know the characteristics of critical thinkers.
A. They constantly evaluate their own attitudes, values and opinions.
B. They understand having a right to an opinion does not mean that every opinion is
right, including their own.
C. They do not pretend to know what they do not know.
D. They do not blindly adhere to tradition.
E. They resist and refuse to use manipulation.
F. They seek clarification of terms.
G. They explore many sides of any issue.
H. They base their opinions and judgements on evidence.
I. They look for fallacies in the argument of others.
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13. The Law of Non-Contradiction
- Something cannot both exist and not exist or be true and false at the same time in
the same way.
14. Know the difference between Traditional Tolerance and the New Tolerance
● Traditional Tolerance
- Tolerance should be viewed in reference to how we respond to people we
disagree with, not how we respond to the ideas we think are false even
those with whom you disagree and those who are different from you.
- Listening to and learning from other perspectives, cultures, and
backgrounds
- Living peaceably alongside others, in spite of differences
- Accepting other people, regardless of their race, creed, nationality, or sex.
- Traditional tolerance values, respects, and accepts the individual without
necessarily approving of or participating in his/her beliefs or behaviors
● New Tolerance
- To be truly tolerant, you must agree that another person’s position is just
as valid as your own. You must give your approval, your endorsement,
your sincere support to their beliefs and behaviors
- The new tolerance is vastly different from traditional tolerance.
➔ It is based on the beliefs that “truth is relative to the community in
which a person participates.
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➔ And since there are many human communities, there are
necessarily many different truths.
➔ “Since truth is described by language, and all language is created
by humans, all truth is created by humans”.
➔ If all truth is created by humans, and all humans are “created
equal”, then all truth is equal.
● In contrast to traditional tolerance, which asserts that everyone has an equal right to
believe or say what he thinks is right, the new tolerance says that what every
individual believes or says is equally true and equally valid.
15. The Stronger/Weaker brother/sister
● Stronger Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who participates in an ethical gray area in full assurance
of his conscience because of his understanding of Christian freedom.
➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is more mature in the faith
than a weaker brother/sister.
● Weaker Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who does not participate in an ethical gray area because of
the sensitivity of his conscience: his participation would be a sin to him.
➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is less mature in the faith
than a stronger brother/sister.
16. Know the following terms for racism:
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● Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination
➔ Stereotyping
- A (usually negative) overgeneralization about a certain people
group as a whole based on the unaccepted behavior of a few
members of that group. Prejudice
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-
“Prejudging” an individual in a negative way because he/she
happens to be from a stereotyped group.
➔ Discrimination
- Unequal treatment of a person on the basis of his/her people group
membership.
17. Know the key content of the following court cases:
● Roe v. Wade, Doe v. Bolton, Griswold v. Connecticut, Eisenstadt vs. Baird, Baby
Doe, Cruzan v. Missouri, Planned Parenthood vs. Casey
➔ Roe v. Wade
- January 22, 1973: main ruling- lifted bans on abortion in all 50
atates. A woman’s “right to privacy” extends to her liberty to
terminate an unwanted pregnancy
- Also: the unborn are not”persons” and thus ineligible for
constitutional protection.
➔ Doe v. Bolton
- January 22, 1973: Main ruling- it expanded the definition of the
“health” of the mother to include familial, financial, and
psychological issues etc. as determined by her physician.
➔ Griswold v. Connecticut
- decided June &, 1965: Right to privacy about married relations.
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- Griswold = planned parenthood director arrested for talking about
birth control.
➔ Eisenstadt v. Baird
decided March 22, 1972: The single have a right to contraceptives.
- Eisenstadt = mass defense.
- Baird = professor at Boston University, gave student birth control.
Constitutionally does not define single vs. married.
➔ Planned Parenthood v. Casey
- 1992: Main ruling- discarded 3 trimesters of Roe and focused on
the “viability” of the fetus as the determining point where a state’s
interest in unborn life begins.
- Baby Doe → April 1982: infanticide. Death and hole in the
esophagus.
➔ Cruzan v. Missouri
- 1983-1990: Missouri ruled against the parents saying that Nancy’s
life could not be terminated, however friends eventually provided
evidence that this is what she wanted. Self Choice.
18. Know the following people:
● Norma McCorvey, Karen Ann Quinlan, Nancy Cruzan, Terry Schiavo, Derek
Humphrey
➔ Norma McCorvey
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-
- Also known as Jane Roe, the woman involved in Roe v. Wade.
Claimed she was raped, but later admitted she just made a mistake.
- Single woman with unwanted pregnancy.
➔ Karen Ann Quinlan
Persistent vegetative state- they thought she would be the first
euthanasia case and taken off life support in 1976.
- She lived 10 more years.
➔ Terry Schiavo
- Suffered severe brain damage in 1990 and finally taken off life
support and feeding tube in 2005 and died.
➔ Nancy Cruzan
- Was in a coma and part of Cruzan v. Missouri. Parents lost,
however overturned when friends provided self choice evidence.
➔ Derek Humphrey
- The head of the Hemlock Society.
- Drug table with dosage to kill yourself successfully.
- Big support of Euthinasia.
19. Be able to identify a surgical or chemical abortion method.
● Chemical abortion
- birth control method, RU 486, Prostaglandin, Saline injection
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● surgical abortion
- dilation and curettage, suction and aspiration, dilation and evacuation,
hysterotomy, dilation and extraction
- DandX or partial birth
20. Which abortion methods stop the implantation of a fertilized egg?
- Birth Control method (birth control, IUD, and morning after pill)
21. What was the first state in the U.S. to allow Doctor-Assisted Suicide?
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- Oregon
- Measure 16 and Death with dignity Act: Oregon’s assisted suicide law
- October 1997.
22. Review the reading assignments used for quizzes. (see bottom)
23. Be able to identify the factors for the Love Test, Factors of Compatibility during
Engagement and the Danger Signals in Dating.
- Love Test
A. Spiritual consideration
B. Intelligence and ability
C. Common interests
D. Similarity of backgrounds
E. Attitude or philosophy of life (worldview)
- Factors of Compatibility during engagement
A. Spiritual
B. Financial
C. Parenthood
D. Relatives
E. Social activities
F. Friends and associates
- The Danger Signals in Dating
A. Fighting
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B. Breaking up frequently
C. Serious doubt
D. Desire to date others
E. depression/moodiness
F. Extreme difference in friendships
G. physical/emotional abuse
H. Length of acquaintance
I. Desire to marry in spite of the warnings
24. Review the notes on Homosexuality and the myths addressed in class.
Myths behind the homosexual agenda:
1. Homosexuslity qualifies for minority status and special legal protection
2. Homosexuals compose 10% of the US population
3. Homosexuality is genetically determined, thus uncontrolable
4. Homosexuals cannot change
25. Know the difference between Voluntary Passive, Voluntary Active, Involuntary Passive
and Involuntary Active Euthanasia.
Passive Euthanasia
- Withholding medical treatment or discontinuing treatment… “Letting die”... cause
of death is the same as the condition causing the suffering (disease, respiratory
failure, etc.)
Active Euthanasia
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- Actively doing something to bring about the death of the patient… lethal
injection, smothering with a pillow, etc...the cause of death is not the condition
causing the suffering, but rather something else.
Involuntary Euthanasia
- patient does not request their own death
- someone else decides for them that they are better off dead. This usually occurs
when a patient is unable to communicate (coma) or unable to understand their
condition.
Voluntary Euthanasia
- Patients request their own death - either verbally, in writing, or via a Living Will.
(some states will recognize testimony or friends/family, but not all)
26. What is Palliative Care/Hospice?
A. Help patients and families deal with the fear of the unknown
B. Help with pain control
C. Thoughts of suicide and depression are dalt with
D. They deal with the “burden” issue
E. They help the family deal with the care of dying
Know the main idea of each of the following scriptures.
27. I Corinthians 10:31
- So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.
Christian Liberty
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- Principle of Exaltation
28. Psalm 139:13-16
- For you created my inner being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb.
- 14 I praise you because I am fearful and wonderfully made; your works are
wonderful, I know that fully well.
- 15 My frame was not hidden from you when I was made in the secret place, when
I was woven together in the depths of the earth.16 Your eyes saw my unformed
body; all the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them
came to be. Abortion - The Unborn are known by God
29. Exodus 20:13 - You shall not murder.
- Euthinasia
- The Bible specifically condemns the taking of life
30. II Timothy 3:16-17
- All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and
training in righteousness,
- so that the servant of God[a] may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
A Biblical Worldview
- Christians are to follow the teachings of the Bible, Morality
- The Bible is humanity’s guide to right and wrong thoughts, motives,
andactions.
31. Genesis 1:26-27
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- Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they
may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all
the wild animals,[a] and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” 27 So
God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male
and female he created them.
A Biblical Worldview
- Identity - God created humans uniquely in His image.
32. Romans 1:24-27
- Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual
impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another. 25 They exchanged the
truth about God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than the
Creator
- who is forever praised. Amen. -
- Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women
exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.
- In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were
inflamed with lust for one another.
- Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due
penalty for their error. Homosexuality
33. Acts 17:26
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- From one man he made all the nations, that they should inhabit the whole earth;
and he marked out their appointed times in history and the boundaries of their
lands. Racism
34. Ephesians 4:15
- Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become in every respect the
mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ. Tolerance
35. II Corinthians 6:14
- Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and
wickedness have in common?
- Or what fellowship can light have with darkness? Relationships: Biblical
principles and guidelines
36. Romans 12:16-18
- Live in harmony with one another.
- Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position. a) Do not
be conceited. b) Do not repay anyone evil for evil. c) Be careful to do what is right
in the eyes of everyone.
- If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone. Tolerance
Suggestion: I would write the verse(s) out on one side of a 3x5 card and the text
on the other side. Carry them around with you while you are waiting for
something. You will be required to match the text with a key concept of the
passage. There are 10 matching questions from these verses. This should be easy
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if you take the time to study them Know the key facts about Hinduism, Buddhism,
and Islam. For example:
37. Know the founders (if there is one) for each religion.
Hinduism
- No single founder
Buddhism
- Siddhartha Gautama
Islam
- Muhammad
38. What is the view of suffering in Hinduism and Buddhism? The way to stop suffering is to
stop/eliminate desire (eightfold path in Buddhism)
39. Who is god/God in each religion?
Hinduism
- No one understanding of God Buddhism
- Buddha Islam
- Allah
40. What are the following concepts and which religion supports these concepts?
- The Middle Path, the Eightfold Noble Path, Tipitaka, Maya, the Five Pillars,
Karma, the Qur’an. The Middle Path
- Buddhism: The middle path (also known as Dhamma)
- Gautama’s unique contribution to religious thought:
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- That balance “path:
- between the “two extremes”
- of “a life given to pleasures and lusts” and “a life given to mortifications” (harsh
self
- denial of not just bodily wants but bodily needs), both of which he had come to
see as “profitless”
The Eightfold Noble Path
- Buddhism: A path used to eliminate
- Desire to stop suffering.
Eight points categorized in 3 sections:
- wisdom (panna),
- ethical conduct (sila)
- Mental discipline (samadhi)
● Tipitaka
- Buddhism: (also known as the “three baskets”), the three main
sections of Buddhist scriptures; passed on orally by monks and
nuns until committed to writing some 400 years after Buddha’s
death. (like builders passing building material in baskets).
● Maya
- Hinduism: Our perceptions are actually Maya, which means “illusion” or
“appearance”; that is, what we experience in our existence, in the natural
worlds, is not the really real, kind of like a dream or a mirage
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- it appears real and we may act as though it is real, but it is an illusion, it is
an “illusive power” (Gita 3.29).
The Five Pillars
- Islam:
1. The confession of Faith (Shahada)
2. The Contact Prayers (Salat)
3. Alms or Poor Tax (Zakat)
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. The pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)
Karma
- Hinduism: The law of karma (cause and effect based on actions/deeds)
- Keeps people locked in Samsara (even “good karma)
- Depending on karma, may be reincarnated (or return in another physical body) as
a human, an animal, or even a plant
- Good karma is still a curse but has some benefits.
- Temporary heavenly time, then reincarnation in higher caste (thus one step closer
to Moksha).
The Qur’an
- Islam:
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A. Meaning and arrangement “recitation” - the word Qur’an literally means
“recitation” and refers to its being revealed to Muhammad and recited by
him to be written down and read for all true followers of Allah.
B. 114 Surahs (chapters)
41. Know the following terms: Viability, Hospice, and Gender Dysphoria.
● Viability
- The ability for a fetus to survive
● Hospice
- Comfortable care when a patient is dying and helps the family as well
(see question 26)
● Gender Dysphoria
- Gender Dysphoria refers to deep and abiding discomfort over the
incongruence between one’s biological sex and one’s psychological and
emotional experience of a gender.
42. T/F questions come from the topics discussed in class and your reading assignments. I
would encourage you to read over your notes several times for recall during the test.
This test is cumulative. (open links!) Beckwith, F. J., & Koukl, G. (1998).
Relativism. Van Haren Publishing. G, S. (2020).
https://medwinpublishers.com/NNOA/NNOA16000183.pdf
Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access, 5(2).
https://doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000183 Liberty University. (2021, October 27). The
College Years: Challenging the Mind and the Spirit - Journal. Liberty Journal.
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https://www.liberty.edu/journal/article/the-collegeyears-challenging-the-mind-and-the-spi
rit/
Rigaud, S. (2013). https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20120056.html .
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2012.0056
Uğurlu, S., & Çalal, A. (2019). Epistemological Trends of the Divinity Faculty Students: a
Case Study of Ankara University Divinity Faculty. Dini Araştırmalar.
https://doi.org/10.15745/da.608609
Halverson-World Religions Overview.docx Koukl-When Tolerance is Intolerance.docx
Cole-What the Bible says about Abortion.docx Matthews-Euthanasia.docx
Yarhouse-Understanding the Transgender Phenomenon.docx
Shlemon-Homosexuality-Know the Truth.docx Van Engen-A Royal Marriage.docx
Answers In Genesis-Where Did the Races Come From.docx
43. Natural and Special Revelation
Natural Revelation
- in a general way God has revealed, and continues to reveal,
- His moral will to all mankind.
Special Revelation
- God makes known vital truths about HImself which He has not made
known in nature
44. Proof-texting
- Taking scripture out of context to support a personal interpretation.
- Informal Logical Fallacies:
45. Bandwagon
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- Justifying a course of action because everyone is doing it.
46. Straw Man
- Misrepresenting a position to make it seem weaker than it really is or to demonize
the position to make it sound worse than it is and then to act as if the argument
has been won when the real issue hasn’t even been addressed.
47. Ad Hominem
- (Lit. “To the man”) Seeking to discredit a person’s argument by attacking their
personal character, origin, associations, etc.
48. Is/Ought
Naturalistic Fallacy
- Concluding about the way things ought to be simply on the basis of how things
are or are assumed to be.
49. Red Herring
- Raising an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the primary issue.
- This argument appeals to a person’s fears or sense of pity.
Know the following key concepts of each of the following:
50. Know the five-worldview questions.
A. The question of origin
- “How did life begin in the first place?”
- “Where did I come from?”
B. The question of identity
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- “What does it mean to be human?”
- “Am I more important than animals?”
C. The question of meaning (purpose)
- “what is meant by right and wrong?”
- “Why am I here?”
D. The question of morality (ethics)
- “What is meant by right and wrong?”
- “How should I live?”
E. The question of destiny
- “Is there life after death?”
- “What will happen to me when I die?”
- “Will I have to answer for the choices I made and how I lived my life?”
51. Know the characteristics of critical thinkers.
J. They constantly evaluate their own attitudes, values and opinions.
K. They understand having a right to an opinion does not mean that every opinion is
right, including their own.
L. They do not pretend to know what they do not know.
M. They do not blindly adhere to tradition.
N. They resist and refuse to use manipulation.
O. They seek clarification of terms.
P. They explore many sides of any issue.
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Q. They base their opinions and judgements on evidence.
R. They look for fallacies in the argument of others.
52. The Law of Non-Contradiction
- Something cannot both exist and not exist or be true and false at the same time in
the same way.
53. Know the difference between Traditional Tolerance and the New Tolerance
● Traditional Tolerance
- Tolerance should be viewed in reference to how we respond to people we
disagree with, not how we respond to the ideas we think are false even
those with whom you disagree and those who are different from you.
- Listening to and learning from other perspectives, cultures, and
backgrounds
- Living peaceably alongside others, in spite of differences
- Accepting other people, regardless of their race, creed, nationality, or sex.
- Traditional tolerance values, respects, and accepts the individual without
necessarily approving of or participating in his/her beliefs or behaviors
● New Tolerance
- To be truly tolerant, you must agree that another person’s position is just
as valid as your own. You must give your approval, your endorsement,
your sincere support to their beliefs and behaviors
- The new tolerance is vastly different from traditional tolerance.
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➔ It is based on the beliefs that “truth is relative to the community in
which a person participates.
➔ And since there are many human communities, there are
necessarily many different truths.
➔ “Since truth is described by language, and all language is created
by humans, all truth is created by humans”.
➔ If all truth is created by humans, and all humans are “created
equal”, then all truth is equal.
● In contrast to traditional tolerance, which asserts that everyone has an equal right to
believe or say what he thinks is right, the new tolerance says that what every
individual believes or says is equally true and equally valid.
54. The Stronger/Weaker brother/sister
● Stronger Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who participates in an ethical gray area in full assurance
of his conscience because of his understanding of Christian freedom.
➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is more mature in the faith
than a weaker brother/sister.
● Weaker Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who does not participate in an ethical gray area because of
the sensitivity of his conscience: his participation would be a sin to him.
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➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is less mature in the faith
than a stronger brother/sister.
55. Know the following terms for racism:
● Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination
➔ Stereotyping
- A (usually negative) overgeneralization about a certain people
group as a whole based on the unaccepted behavior of a few
members of that group. Prejudice
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-
“Prejudging” an individual in a negative way because he/she
happens to be from a stereotyped group.
➔ Discrimination
- Unequal treatment of a person on the basis of his/her people group
membership.
56. Know the key content of the following court cases:
● Roe v. Wade, Doe v. Bolton, Griswold v. Connecticut, Eisenstadt vs. Baird, Baby
Doe, Cruzan v. Missouri, Planned Parenthood vs. Casey
➔ Roe v. Wade
- January 22, 1973: main ruling- lifted bans on abortion in all 50
atates. A woman’s “right to privacy” extends to her liberty to
terminate an unwanted pregnancy
- Also: the unborn are not”persons” and thus ineligible for
constitutional protection.
➔ Doe v. Bolton
- January 22, 1973: Main ruling- it expanded the definition of the
“health” of the mother to include familial, financial, and
psychological issues etc. as determined by her physician.
➔ Griswold v. Connecticut
- decided June &, 1965: Right to privacy about married relations.
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-
Downloaded by Hanry Orthon ([email protected])
- Griswold = planned parenthood director arrested for talking about
birth control.
➔ Eisenstadt v. Baird
decided March 22, 1972: The single have a right to contraceptives.
- Eisenstadt = mass defense.
- Baird = professor at Boston University, gave student birth control.
Constitutionally does not define single vs. married.
➔ Planned Parenthood v. Casey
- 1992: Main ruling- discarded 3 trimesters of Roe and focused on
the “viability” of the fetus as the determining point where a state’s
interest in unborn life begins.
- Baby Doe → April 1982: infanticide. Death and hole in the
esophagus.
➔ Cruzan v. Missouri
- 1983-1990: Missouri ruled against the parents saying that Nancy’s
life could not be terminated, however friends eventually provided
evidence that this is what she wanted. Self Choice.
57. Know the following people:
● Norma McCorvey, Karen Ann Quinlan, Nancy Cruzan, Terry Schiavo, Derek
Humphrey
➔ Norma McCorvey
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-
- Also known as Jane Roe, the woman involved in Roe v. Wade.
Claimed she was raped, but later admitted she just made a mistake.
- Single woman with unwanted pregnancy.
➔ Karen Ann Quinlan
Persistent vegetative state- they thought she would be the first
euthanasia case and taken off life support in 1976.
- She lived 10 more years.
➔ Terry Schiavo
- Suffered severe brain damage in 1990 and finally taken off life
support and feeding tube in 2005 and died.
➔ Nancy Cruzan
- Was in a coma and part of Cruzan v. Missouri. Parents lost,
however overturned when friends provided self choice evidence.
➔ Derek Humphrey
- The head of the Hemlock Society.
- Drug table with dosage to kill yourself successfully.
- Big support of Euthinasia.
58. Be able to identify a surgical or chemical abortion method.
● Chemical abortion
- birth control method, RU 486, Prostaglandin, Saline injection
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-
Downloaded by Hanry Orthon ([email protected])
● surgical abortion
- dilation and curettage, suction and aspiration, dilation and evacuation,
hysterotomy, dilation and extraction
- DandX or partial birth
59. Which abortion methods stop the implantation of a fertilized egg?
- Birth Control method (birth control, IUD, and morning after pill)
60. What was the first state in the U.S. to allow Doctor-Assisted Suicide?
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- Oregon
- Measure 16 and Death with dignity Act: Oregon’s assisted suicide law
- October 1997.
61. Review the reading assignments used for quizzes. (see bottom)
62. Be able to identify the factors for the Love Test, Factors of Compatibility during
Engagement and the Danger Signals in Dating.
- Love Test
F. Spiritual consideration
G. Intelligence and ability
H. Common interests
I. Similarity of backgrounds
J. Attitude or philosophy of life (worldview)
- Factors of Compatibility during engagement
G. Spiritual
H. Financial
I. Parenthood
J. Relatives
K. Social activities
L. Friends and associates
- The Danger Signals in Dating
J. Fighting
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K. Breaking up frequently
L. Serious doubt
M. Desire to date others
N. depression/moodiness
O. Extreme difference in friendships
P. physical/emotional abuse
Q. Length of acquaintance
R. Desire to marry in spite of the warnings
63. Review the notes on Homosexuality and the myths addressed in class.
Myths behind the homosexual agenda:
5. Homosexuslity qualifies for minority status and special legal protection
6. Homosexuals compose 10% of the US population
7. Homosexuality is genetically determined, thus uncontrolable
8. Homosexuals cannot change
64. Know the difference between Voluntary Passive, Voluntary Active, Involuntary Passive
and Involuntary Active Euthanasia.
Passive Euthanasia
- Withholding medical treatment or discontinuing treatment… “Letting die”... cause
of death is the same as the condition causing the suffering (disease, respiratory
failure, etc.)
Active Euthanasia
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- Actively doing something to bring about the death of the patient… lethal
injection, smothering with a pillow, etc...the cause of death is not the condition
causing the suffering, but rather something else.
Involuntary Euthanasia
- patient does not request their own death
- someone else decides for them that they are better off dead. This usually occurs
when a patient is unable to communicate (coma) or unable to understand their
condition.
Voluntary Euthanasia
- Patients request their own death - either verbally, in writing, or via a Living Will.
(some states will recognize testimony or friends/family, but not all)
65. What is Palliative Care/Hospice?
F. Help patients and families deal with the fear of the unknown
G. Help with pain control
H. Thoughts of suicide and depression are dalt with
I. They deal with the “burden” issue
J. They help the family deal with the care of dying
Know the main idea of each of the following scriptures.
66. I Corinthians 10:31
- So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.
Christian Liberty
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- Principle of Exaltation
67. Psalm 139:13-16
- For you created my inner being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb.
- 14 I praise you because I am fearful and wonderfully made; your works are
wonderful, I know that fully well.
- 15 My frame was not hidden from you when I was made in the secret place, when
I was woven together in the depths of the earth.16 Your eyes saw my unformed
body; all the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them
came to be. Abortion - The Unborn are known by God
68. Exodus 20:13 - You shall not murder.
- Euthinasia
- The Bible specifically condemns the taking of life
69. II Timothy 3:16-17
- All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and
training in righteousness,
- so that the servant of God[a] may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
A Biblical Worldview
- Christians are to follow the teachings of the Bible, Morality
- The Bible is humanity’s guide to right and wrong thoughts, motives,
andactions.
70. Genesis 1:26-27
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- Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they
may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all
the wild animals,[a] and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” 27 So
God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male
and female he created them.
A Biblical Worldview
- Identity - God created humans uniquely in His image.
71. Romans 1:24-27
- Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual
impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another. 25 They exchanged the
truth about God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than the
Creator
- who is forever praised. Amen. -
- Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women
exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.
- In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were
inflamed with lust for one another.
- Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due
penalty for their error. Homosexuality
72. Acts 17:26
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- From one man he made all the nations, that they should inhabit the whole earth;
and he marked out their appointed times in history and the boundaries of their
lands. Racism
73. Ephesians 4:15
- Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become in every respect the
mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ. Tolerance
74. II Corinthians 6:14
- Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and
wickedness have in common?
- Or what fellowship can light have with darkness? Relationships: Biblical
principles and guidelines
75. Romans 12:16-18
- Live in harmony with one another.
- Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position. a) Do not
be conceited. b) Do not repay anyone evil for evil. c) Be careful to do what is right
in the eyes of everyone.
- If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone. Tolerance
Suggestion: I would write the verse(s) out on one side of a 3x5 card and the text
on the other side. Carry them around with you while you are waiting for
something. You will be required to match the text with a key concept of the
passage. There are 10 matching questions from these verses. This should be easy
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if you take the time to study them Know the key facts about Hinduism, Buddhism,
and Islam. For example:
76. Know the founders (if there is one) for each religion.
Hinduism
- No single founder
Buddhism
- Siddhartha Gautama
Islam
- Muhammad
77. What is the view of suffering in Hinduism and Buddhism? The way to stop suffering is to
stop/eliminate desire (eightfold path in Buddhism)
78. Who is god/God in each religion?
Hinduism
- No one understanding of God Buddhism
- Buddha Islam
- Allah
79. What are the following concepts and which religion supports these concepts?
- The Middle Path, the Eightfold Noble Path, Tipitaka, Maya, the Five Pillars,
Karma, the Qur’an. The Middle Path
- Buddhism: The middle path (also known as Dhamma)
- Gautama’s unique contribution to religious thought:
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- That balance “path:
- between the “two extremes”
- of “a life given to pleasures and lusts” and “a life given to mortifications” (harsh
self
- denial of not just bodily wants but bodily needs), both of which he had come to
see as “profitless”
The Eightfold Noble Path
- Buddhism: A path used to eliminate
- Desire to stop suffering.
Eight points categorized in 3 sections:
- wisdom (panna),
- ethical conduct (sila)
- Mental discipline (samadhi)
● Tipitaka
- Buddhism: (also known as the “three baskets”), the three main
sections of Buddhist scriptures; passed on orally by monks and
nuns until committed to writing some 400 years after Buddha’s
death. (like builders passing building material in baskets).
● Maya
- Hinduism: Our perceptions are actually Maya, which means “illusion” or
“appearance”; that is, what we experience in our existence, in the natural
worlds, is not the really real, kind of like a dream or a mirage
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- it appears real and we may act as though it is real, but it is an illusion, it is
an “illusive power” (Gita 3.29).
The Five Pillars
- Islam:
1. The confession of Faith (Shahada)
2. The Contact Prayers (Salat)
3. Alms or Poor Tax (Zakat)
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. The pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)
Karma
- Hinduism: The law of karma (cause and effect based on actions/deeds)
- Keeps people locked in Samsara (even “good karma)
- Depending on karma, may be reincarnated (or return in another physical body) as
a human, an animal, or even a plant
- Good karma is still a curse but has some benefits.
- Temporary heavenly time, then reincarnation in higher caste (thus one step closer
to Moksha).
The Qur’an
- Islam:
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C. Meaning and arrangement “recitation” - the word Qur’an literally means
“recitation” and refers to its being revealed to Muhammad and recited by
him to be written down and read for all true followers of Allah.
D. 114 Surahs (chapters)
80. Know the following terms: Viability, Hospice, and Gender Dysphoria.
● Viability
- The ability for a fetus to survive
● Hospice
- Comfortable care when a patient is dying and helps the family as well
(see question 26)
● Gender Dysphoria
- Gender Dysphoria refers to deep and abiding discomfort over the
incongruence between one’s biological sex and one’s psychological and
emotional experience of a gender.
81. T/F questions come from the topics discussed in class and your reading assignments. I
would encourage you to read over your notes several times for recall during the test.
This test is cumulative. (open links!) Beckwith, F. J., & Koukl, G. (1998).
Relativism. Van Haren Publishing. G, S. (2020).
https://medwinpublishers.com/NNOA/NNOA16000183.pdf
Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access, 5(2).
https://doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000183 Liberty University. (2021, October 27). The
College Years: Challenging the Mind and the Spirit - Journal. Liberty Journal.
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https://www.liberty.edu/journal/article/the-collegeyears-challenging-the-mind-and-the-spi
rit/
Rigaud, S. (2013). https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20120056.html .
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2012.0056
Uğurlu, S., & Çalal, A. (2019). Epistemological Trends of the Divinity Faculty Students: a
Case Study of Ankara University Divinity Faculty. Dini Araştırmalar.
https://doi.org/10.15745/da.608609
Halverson-World Religions Overview.docx Koukl-When Tolerance is Intolerance.docx
Cole-What the Bible says about Abortion.docx Matthews-Euthanasia.docx
Yarhouse-Understanding the Transgender Phenomenon.docx
Shlemon-Homosexuality-Know the Truth.docx Van Engen-A Royal Marriage.docx
Answers In Genesis-Where Did the Races Come From.docx
82. Natural and Special Revelation
Natural Revelation
- in a general way God has revealed, and continues to reveal,
- His moral will to all mankind.
Special Revelation
- God makes known vital truths about HImself which He has not made
known in nature
83. Proof-texting
- Taking scripture out of context to support a personal interpretation.
- Informal Logical Fallacies:
84. Bandwagon
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- Justifying a course of action because everyone is doing it.
85. Straw Man
- Misrepresenting a position to make it seem weaker than it really is or to demonize
the position to make it sound worse than it is and then to act as if the argument
has been won when the real issue hasn’t even been addressed.
86. Ad Hominem
- (Lit. “To the man”) Seeking to discredit a person’s argument by attacking their
personal character, origin, associations, etc.
87. Is/Ought
Naturalistic Fallacy
- Concluding about the way things ought to be simply on the basis of how things
are or are assumed to be.
88. Red Herring
- Raising an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the primary issue.
- This argument appeals to a person’s fears or sense of pity.
Know the following key concepts of each of the following:
89. Know the five-worldview questions.
A. The question of origin
- “How did life begin in the first place?”
- “Where did I come from?”
B. The question of identity
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- “What does it mean to be human?”
- “Am I more important than animals?”
C. The question of meaning (purpose)
- “what is meant by right and wrong?”
- “Why am I here?”
D. The question of morality (ethics)
- “What is meant by right and wrong?”
- “How should I live?”
E. The question of destiny
- “Is there life after death?”
- “What will happen to me when I die?”
- “Will I have to answer for the choices I made and how I lived my life?”
90. Know the characteristics of critical thinkers.
S. They constantly evaluate their own attitudes, values and opinions.
T. They understand having a right to an opinion does not mean that every opinion is
right, including their own.
U. They do not pretend to know what they do not know.
V. They do not blindly adhere to tradition.
W. They resist and refuse to use manipulation.
X. They seek clarification of terms.
Y. They explore many sides of any issue.
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Z. They base their opinions and judgements on evidence.
AA. They look for fallacies in the argument of others.
91. The Law of Non-Contradiction
- Something cannot both exist and not exist or be true and false at the same time in
the same way.
92. Know the difference between Traditional Tolerance and the New Tolerance
● Traditional Tolerance
- Tolerance should be viewed in reference to how we respond to people we
disagree with, not how we respond to the ideas we think are false even
those with whom you disagree and those who are different from you.
- Listening to and learning from other perspectives, cultures, and
backgrounds
- Living peaceably alongside others, in spite of differences
- Accepting other people, regardless of their race, creed, nationality, or sex.
- Traditional tolerance values, respects, and accepts the individual without
necessarily approving of or participating in his/her beliefs or behaviors
● New Tolerance
- To be truly tolerant, you must agree that another person’s position is just
as valid as your own. You must give your approval, your endorsement,
your sincere support to their beliefs and behaviors
- The new tolerance is vastly different from traditional tolerance.
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➔ It is based on the beliefs that “truth is relative to the community in
which a person participates.
➔ And since there are many human communities, there are
necessarily many different truths.
➔ “Since truth is described by language, and all language is created
by humans, all truth is created by humans”.
➔ If all truth is created by humans, and all humans are “created
equal”, then all truth is equal.
● In contrast to traditional tolerance, which asserts that everyone has an equal right to
believe or say what he thinks is right, the new tolerance says that what every
individual believes or says is equally true and equally valid.
93. The Stronger/Weaker brother/sister
● Stronger Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who participates in an ethical gray area in full assurance
of his conscience because of his understanding of Christian freedom.
➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is more mature in the faith
than a weaker brother/sister.
● Weaker Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who does not participate in an ethical gray area because of
the sensitivity of his conscience: his participation would be a sin to him.
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➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is less mature in the faith
than a stronger brother/sister.
94. Know the following terms for racism:
● Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination
➔ Stereotyping
- A (usually negative) overgeneralization about a certain people
group as a whole based on the unaccepted behavior of a few
members of that group. Prejudice
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-
“Prejudging” an individual in a negative way because he/she
happens to be from a stereotyped group.
➔ Discrimination
- Unequal treatment of a person on the basis of his/her people group
membership.
95. Know the key content of the following court cases:
● Roe v. Wade, Doe v. Bolton, Griswold v. Connecticut, Eisenstadt vs. Baird, Baby
Doe, Cruzan v. Missouri, Planned Parenthood vs. Casey
➔ Roe v. Wade
- January 22, 1973: main ruling- lifted bans on abortion in all 50
atates. A woman’s “right to privacy” extends to her liberty to
terminate an unwanted pregnancy
- Also: the unborn are not”persons” and thus ineligible for
constitutional protection.
➔ Doe v. Bolton
- January 22, 1973: Main ruling- it expanded the definition of the
“health” of the mother to include familial, financial, and
psychological issues etc. as determined by her physician.
➔ Griswold v. Connecticut
- decided June &, 1965: Right to privacy about married relations.
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- Griswold = planned parenthood director arrested for talking about
birth control.
➔ Eisenstadt v. Baird
decided March 22, 1972: The single have a right to contraceptives.
- Eisenstadt = mass defense.
- Baird = professor at Boston University, gave student birth control.
Constitutionally does not define single vs. married.
➔ Planned Parenthood v. Casey
- 1992: Main ruling- discarded 3 trimesters of Roe and focused on
the “viability” of the fetus as the determining point where a state’s
interest in unborn life begins.
- Baby Doe → April 1982: infanticide. Death and hole in the
esophagus.
➔ Cruzan v. Missouri
- 1983-1990: Missouri ruled against the parents saying that Nancy’s
life could not be terminated, however friends eventually provided
evidence that this is what she wanted. Self Choice.
96. Know the following people:
● Norma McCorvey, Karen Ann Quinlan, Nancy Cruzan, Terry Schiavo, Derek
Humphrey
➔ Norma McCorvey
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-
- Also known as Jane Roe, the woman involved in Roe v. Wade.
Claimed she was raped, but later admitted she just made a mistake.
- Single woman with unwanted pregnancy.
➔ Karen Ann Quinlan
Persistent vegetative state- they thought she would be the first
euthanasia case and taken off life support in 1976.
- She lived 10 more years.
➔ Terry Schiavo
- Suffered severe brain damage in 1990 and finally taken off life
support and feeding tube in 2005 and died.
➔ Nancy Cruzan
- Was in a coma and part of Cruzan v. Missouri. Parents lost,
however overturned when friends provided self choice evidence.
➔ Derek Humphrey
- The head of the Hemlock Society.
- Drug table with dosage to kill yourself successfully.
- Big support of Euthinasia.
97. Be able to identify a surgical or chemical abortion method.
● Chemical abortion
- birth control method, RU 486, Prostaglandin, Saline injection
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● surgical abortion
- dilation and curettage, suction and aspiration, dilation and evacuation,
hysterotomy, dilation and extraction
- DandX or partial birth
98. Which abortion methods stop the implantation of a fertilized egg?
- Birth Control method (birth control, IUD, and morning after pill)
99. What was the first state in the U.S. to allow Doctor-Assisted Suicide?
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- Oregon
- Measure 16 and Death with dignity Act: Oregon’s assisted suicide law
- October 1997.
100.Review the reading assignments used for quizzes. (see bottom)
101.Be able to identify the factors for the Love Test, Factors of Compatibility during
Engagement and the Danger Signals in Dating.
- Love Test
K. Spiritual consideration
L. Intelligence and ability
M. Common interests
N. Similarity of backgrounds
O. Attitude or philosophy of life (worldview)
- Factors of Compatibility during engagement
M. Spiritual
N. Financial
O. Parenthood
P. Relatives
Q. Social activities
R. Friends and associates
- The Danger Signals in Dating
S. Fighting
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T. Breaking up frequently
U. Serious doubt
V. Desire to date others
W. depression/moodiness
X. Extreme difference in friendships
Y. physical/emotional abuse
Z. Length of acquaintance
AA. Desire to marry in spite of the warnings
102.Review the notes on Homosexuality and the myths addressed in class.
Myths behind the homosexual agenda:
9. Homosexuslity qualifies for minority status and special legal protection
10. Homosexuals compose 10% of the US population
11. Homosexuality is genetically determined, thus uncontrolable
12. Homosexuals cannot change
103.Know the difference between Voluntary Passive, Voluntary Active, Involuntary Passive
and Involuntary Active Euthanasia.
Passive Euthanasia
- Withholding medical treatment or discontinuing treatment… “Letting die”... cause
of death is the same as the condition causing the suffering (disease, respiratory
failure, etc.)
Active Euthanasia
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- Actively doing something to bring about the death of the patient… lethal
injection, smothering with a pillow, etc...the cause of death is not the condition
causing the suffering, but rather something else.
Involuntary Euthanasia
- patient does not request their own death
- someone else decides for them that they are better off dead. This usually occurs
when a patient is unable to communicate (coma) or unable to understand their
condition.
Voluntary Euthanasia
- Patients request their own death - either verbally, in writing, or via a Living Will.
(some states will recognize testimony or friends/family, but not all)
104.What is Palliative Care/Hospice?
K. Help patients and families deal with the fear of the unknown
L. Help with pain control
M. Thoughts of suicide and depression are dalt with
N. They deal with the “burden” issue
O. They help the family deal with the care of dying
Know the main idea of each of the following scriptures.
105.I Corinthians 10:31
- So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.
Christian Liberty
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- Principle of Exaltation
106.Psalm 139:13-16
- For you created my inner being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb.
- 14 I praise you because I am fearful and wonderfully made; your works are
wonderful, I know that fully well.
- 15 My frame was not hidden from you when I was made in the secret place, when
I was woven together in the depths of the earth.16 Your eyes saw my unformed
body; all the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them
came to be. Abortion - The Unborn are known by God
107.Exodus 20:13 - You shall not murder.
- Euthinasia
- The Bible specifically condemns the taking of life
108.II Timothy 3:16-17
- All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and
training in righteousness,
- so that the servant of God[a] may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
A Biblical Worldview
- Christians are to follow the teachings of the Bible, Morality
- The Bible is humanity’s guide to right and wrong thoughts, motives,
andactions.
109.Genesis 1:26-27
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- Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they
may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all
the wild animals,[a] and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” 27 So
God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male
and female he created them.
A Biblical Worldview
- Identity - God created humans uniquely in His image.
110.Romans 1:24-27
- Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual
impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another. 25 They exchanged the
truth about God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than the
Creator
- who is forever praised. Amen. -
- Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women
exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.
- In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were
inflamed with lust for one another.
- Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due
penalty for their error. Homosexuality
111.Acts 17:26
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- From one man he made all the nations, that they should inhabit the whole earth;
and he marked out their appointed times in history and the boundaries of their
lands. Racism
112.Ephesians 4:15
- Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become in every respect the
mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ. Tolerance
113.II Corinthians 6:14
- Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and
wickedness have in common?
- Or what fellowship can light have with darkness? Relationships: Biblical
principles and guidelines
114.Romans 12:16-18
- Live in harmony with one another.
- Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position. a) Do not
be conceited. b) Do not repay anyone evil for evil. c) Be careful to do what is right
in the eyes of everyone.
- If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone. Tolerance
Suggestion: I would write the verse(s) out on one side of a 3x5 card and the text
on the other side. Carry them around with you while you are waiting for
something. You will be required to match the text with a key concept of the
passage. There are 10 matching questions from these verses. This should be easy
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if you take the time to study them Know the key facts about Hinduism, Buddhism,
and Islam. For example:
115.Know the founders (if there is one) for each religion.
Hinduism
- No single founder
Buddhism
- Siddhartha Gautama
Islam
- Muhammad
116.What is the view of suffering in Hinduism and Buddhism? The way to stop suffering is to
stop/eliminate desire (eightfold path in Buddhism)
117.Who is god/God in each religion?
Hinduism
- No one understanding of God Buddhism
- Buddha Islam
- Allah
118.What are the following concepts and which religion supports these concepts?
- The Middle Path, the Eightfold Noble Path, Tipitaka, Maya, the Five Pillars,
Karma, the Qur’an. The Middle Path
- Buddhism: The middle path (also known as Dhamma)
- Gautama’s unique contribution to religious thought:
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- That balance “path:
- between the “two extremes”
- of “a life given to pleasures and lusts” and “a life given to mortifications” (harsh
self
- denial of not just bodily wants but bodily needs), both of which he had come to
see as “profitless”
The Eightfold Noble Path
- Buddhism: A path used to eliminate
- Desire to stop suffering.
Eight points categorized in 3 sections:
- wisdom (panna),
- ethical conduct (sila)
- Mental discipline (samadhi)
● Tipitaka
- Buddhism: (also known as the “three baskets”), the three main
sections of Buddhist scriptures; passed on orally by monks and
nuns until committed to writing some 400 years after Buddha’s
death. (like builders passing building material in baskets).
● Maya
- Hinduism: Our perceptions are actually Maya, which means “illusion” or
“appearance”; that is, what we experience in our existence, in the natural
worlds, is not the really real, kind of like a dream or a mirage
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- it appears real and we may act as though it is real, but it is an illusion, it is
an “illusive power” (Gita 3.29).
The Five Pillars
- Islam:
1. The confession of Faith (Shahada)
2. The Contact Prayers (Salat)
3. Alms or Poor Tax (Zakat)
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. The pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)
Karma
- Hinduism: The law of karma (cause and effect based on actions/deeds)
- Keeps people locked in Samsara (even “good karma)
- Depending on karma, may be reincarnated (or return in another physical body) as
a human, an animal, or even a plant
- Good karma is still a curse but has some benefits.
- Temporary heavenly time, then reincarnation in higher caste (thus one step closer
to Moksha).
The Qur’an
- Islam:
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E. Meaning and arrangement “recitation” - the word Qur’an literally means
“recitation” and refers to its being revealed to Muhammad and recited by
him to be written down and read for all true followers of Allah.
F. 114 Surahs (chapters)
119.Know the following terms: Viability, Hospice, and Gender Dysphoria.
● Viability
- The ability for a fetus to survive
● Hospice
- Comfortable care when a patient is dying and helps the family as well
(see question 26)
● Gender Dysphoria
- Gender Dysphoria refers to deep and abiding discomfort over the
incongruence between one’s biological sex and one’s psychological and
emotional experience of a gender.
120.T/F questions come from the topics discussed in class and your reading assignments. I
would encourage you to read over your notes several times for recall during the test.
This test is cumulative. (open links!) Beckwith, F. J., & Koukl, G. (1998).
Relativism. Van Haren Publishing. G, S. (2020).
https://medwinpublishers.com/NNOA/NNOA16000183.pdf
Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access, 5(2).
https://doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000183 Liberty University. (2021, October 27). The
College Years: Challenging the Mind and the Spirit - Journal. Liberty Journal.
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
https://www.liberty.edu/journal/article/the-collegeyears-challenging-the-mind-and-the-spi
rit/
Rigaud, S. (2013). https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20120056.html .
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2012.0056
Uğurlu, S., & Çalal, A. (2019). Epistemological Trends of the Divinity Faculty Students: a
Case Study of Ankara University Divinity Faculty. Dini Araştırmalar.
https://doi.org/10.15745/da.608609
Halverson-World Religions Overview.docx Koukl-When Tolerance is Intolerance.docx
Cole-What the Bible says about Abortion.docx Matthews-Euthanasia.docx
Yarhouse-Understanding the Transgender Phenomenon.docx
Shlemon-Homosexuality-Know the Truth.docx Van Engen-A Royal Marriage.docx
Answers In Genesis-Where Did the Races Come From.docx
121.Natural and Special Revelation
Natural Revelation
- in a general way God has revealed, and continues to reveal,
- His moral will to all mankind.
Special Revelation
- God makes known vital truths about HImself which He has not made
known in nature
122.Proof-texting
- Taking scripture out of context to support a personal interpretation.
- Informal Logical Fallacies:
123.Bandwagon
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- Justifying a course of action because everyone is doing it.
124.Straw Man
- Misrepresenting a position to make it seem weaker than it really is or to demonize
the position to make it sound worse than it is and then to act as if the argument
has been won when the real issue hasn’t even been addressed.
125.Ad Hominem
- (Lit. “To the man”) Seeking to discredit a person’s argument by attacking their
personal character, origin, associations, etc.
126.Is/Ought
Naturalistic Fallacy
- Concluding about the way things ought to be simply on the basis of how things
are or are assumed to be.
127.Red Herring
- Raising an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the primary issue.
- This argument appeals to a person’s fears or sense of pity.
Know the following key concepts of each of the following:
128.Know the five-worldview questions.
A. The question of origin
- “How did life begin in the first place?”
- “Where did I come from?”
B. The question of identity
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- “What does it mean to be human?”
- “Am I more important than animals?”
C. The question of meaning (purpose)
- “what is meant by right and wrong?”
- “Why am I here?”
D. The question of morality (ethics)
- “What is meant by right and wrong?”
- “How should I live?”
E. The question of destiny
- “Is there life after death?”
- “What will happen to me when I die?”
- “Will I have to answer for the choices I made and how I lived my life?”
129.Know the characteristics of critical thinkers.
BB. They constantly evaluate their own attitudes, values and opinions.
CC. They understand having a right to an opinion does not mean that every opinion is
right, including their own.
DD. They do not pretend to know what they do not know.
EE. They do not blindly adhere to tradition.
FF. They resist and refuse to use manipulation.
GG. They seek clarification of terms.
HH. They explore many sides of any issue.
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II. They base their opinions and judgements on evidence.
JJ. They look for fallacies in the argument of others.
130.The Law of Non-Contradiction
- Something cannot both exist and not exist or be true and false at the same time in
the same way.
131.Know the difference between Traditional Tolerance and the New Tolerance
● Traditional Tolerance
- Tolerance should be viewed in reference to how we respond to people we
disagree with, not how we respond to the ideas we think are false even
those with whom you disagree and those who are different from you.
- Listening to and learning from other perspectives, cultures, and
backgrounds
- Living peaceably alongside others, in spite of differences
- Accepting other people, regardless of their race, creed, nationality, or sex.
- Traditional tolerance values, respects, and accepts the individual without
necessarily approving of or participating in his/her beliefs or behaviors
● New Tolerance
- To be truly tolerant, you must agree that another person’s position is just
as valid as your own. You must give your approval, your endorsement,
your sincere support to their beliefs and behaviors
- The new tolerance is vastly different from traditional tolerance.
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➔ It is based on the beliefs that “truth is relative to the community in
which a person participates.
➔ And since there are many human communities, there are
necessarily many different truths.
➔ “Since truth is described by language, and all language is created
by humans, all truth is created by humans”.
➔ If all truth is created by humans, and all humans are “created
equal”, then all truth is equal.
● In contrast to traditional tolerance, which asserts that everyone has an equal right to
believe or say what he thinks is right, the new tolerance says that what every
individual believes or says is equally true and equally valid.
132.The Stronger/Weaker brother/sister
● Stronger Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who participates in an ethical gray area in full assurance
of his conscience because of his understanding of Christian freedom.
➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is more mature in the faith
than a weaker brother/sister.
● Weaker Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who does not participate in an ethical gray area because of
the sensitivity of his conscience: his participation would be a sin to him.
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➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is less mature in the faith
than a stronger brother/sister.
133.Know the following terms for racism:
● Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination
➔ Stereotyping
- A (usually negative) overgeneralization about a certain people
group as a whole based on the unaccepted behavior of a few
members of that group. Prejudice
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-
“Prejudging” an individual in a negative way because he/she
happens to be from a stereotyped group.
➔ Discrimination
- Unequal treatment of a person on the basis of his/her people group
membership.
134.Know the key content of the following court cases:
● Roe v. Wade, Doe v. Bolton, Griswold v. Connecticut, Eisenstadt vs. Baird, Baby
Doe, Cruzan v. Missouri, Planned Parenthood vs. Casey
➔ Roe v. Wade
- January 22, 1973: main ruling- lifted bans on abortion in all 50
atates. A woman’s “right to privacy” extends to her liberty to
terminate an unwanted pregnancy
- Also: the unborn are not”persons” and thus ineligible for
constitutional protection.
➔ Doe v. Bolton
- January 22, 1973: Main ruling- it expanded the definition of the
“health” of the mother to include familial, financial, and
psychological issues etc. as determined by her physician.
➔ Griswold v. Connecticut
- decided June &, 1965: Right to privacy about married relations.
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-
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- Griswold = planned parenthood director arrested for talking about
birth control.
➔ Eisenstadt v. Baird
decided March 22, 1972: The single have a right to contraceptives.
- Eisenstadt = mass defense.
- Baird = professor at Boston University, gave student birth control.
Constitutionally does not define single vs. married.
➔ Planned Parenthood v. Casey
- 1992: Main ruling- discarded 3 trimesters of Roe and focused on
the “viability” of the fetus as the determining point where a state’s
interest in unborn life begins.
- Baby Doe → April 1982: infanticide. Death and hole in the
esophagus.
➔ Cruzan v. Missouri
- 1983-1990: Missouri ruled against the parents saying that Nancy’s
life could not be terminated, however friends eventually provided
evidence that this is what she wanted. Self Choice.
135.Know the following people:
● Norma McCorvey, Karen Ann Quinlan, Nancy Cruzan, Terry Schiavo, Derek
Humphrey
➔ Norma McCorvey
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-
- Also known as Jane Roe, the woman involved in Roe v. Wade.
Claimed she was raped, but later admitted she just made a mistake.
- Single woman with unwanted pregnancy.
➔ Karen Ann Quinlan
Persistent vegetative state- they thought she would be the first
euthanasia case and taken off life support in 1976.
- She lived 10 more years.
➔ Terry Schiavo
- Suffered severe brain damage in 1990 and finally taken off life
support and feeding tube in 2005 and died.
➔ Nancy Cruzan
- Was in a coma and part of Cruzan v. Missouri. Parents lost,
however overturned when friends provided self choice evidence.
➔ Derek Humphrey
- The head of the Hemlock Society.
- Drug table with dosage to kill yourself successfully.
- Big support of Euthinasia.
136.Be able to identify a surgical or chemical abortion method.
● Chemical abortion
- birth control method, RU 486, Prostaglandin, Saline injection
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-
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● surgical abortion
- dilation and curettage, suction and aspiration, dilation and evacuation,
hysterotomy, dilation and extraction
- DandX or partial birth
137.Which abortion methods stop the implantation of a fertilized egg?
- Birth Control method (birth control, IUD, and morning after pill)
138.What was the first state in the U.S. to allow Doctor-Assisted Suicide?
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- Oregon
- Measure 16 and Death with dignity Act: Oregon’s assisted suicide law
- October 1997.
139.Review the reading assignments used for quizzes. (see bottom)
140.Be able to identify the factors for the Love Test, Factors of Compatibility during
Engagement and the Danger Signals in Dating.
- Love Test
P. Spiritual consideration
Q. Intelligence and ability
R. Common interests
S. Similarity of backgrounds
T. Attitude or philosophy of life (worldview)
- Factors of Compatibility during engagement
S. Spiritual
T. Financial
U. Parenthood
V. Relatives
W. Social activities
X. Friends and associates
- The Danger Signals in Dating
BB. Fighting
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CC. Breaking up frequently
DD. Serious doubt
EE. Desire to date others
FF. depression/moodiness
GG. Extreme difference in friendships
HH. physical/emotional abuse
II. Length of acquaintance
JJ. Desire to marry in spite of the warnings
141.Review the notes on Homosexuality and the myths addressed in class.
Myths behind the homosexual agenda:
13. Homosexuslity qualifies for minority status and special legal protection
14. Homosexuals compose 10% of the US population
15. Homosexuality is genetically determined, thus uncontrolable
16. Homosexuals cannot change
142.Know the difference between Voluntary Passive, Voluntary Active, Involuntary Passive
and Involuntary Active Euthanasia.
Passive Euthanasia
- Withholding medical treatment or discontinuing treatment… “Letting die”... cause
of death is the same as the condition causing the suffering (disease, respiratory
failure, etc.)
Active Euthanasia
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- Actively doing something to bring about the death of the patient… lethal
injection, smothering with a pillow, etc...the cause of death is not the condition
causing the suffering, but rather something else.
Involuntary Euthanasia
- patient does not request their own death
- someone else decides for them that they are better off dead. This usually occurs
when a patient is unable to communicate (coma) or unable to understand their
condition.
Voluntary Euthanasia
- Patients request their own death - either verbally, in writing, or via a Living Will.
(some states will recognize testimony or friends/family, but not all)
143.What is Palliative Care/Hospice?
P. Help patients and families deal with the fear of the unknown
Q. Help with pain control
R. Thoughts of suicide and depression are dalt with
S. They deal with the “burden” issue
T. They help the family deal with the care of dying
Know the main idea of each of the following scriptures.
144.I Corinthians 10:31
- So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.
Christian Liberty
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- Principle of Exaltation
145.Psalm 139:13-16
- For you created my inner being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb.
- 14 I praise you because I am fearful and wonderfully made; your works are
wonderful, I know that fully well.
- 15 My frame was not hidden from you when I was made in the secret place, when
I was woven together in the depths of the earth.16 Your eyes saw my unformed
body; all the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them
came to be. Abortion - The Unborn are known by God
146.Exodus 20:13 - You shall not murder.
- Euthinasia
- The Bible specifically condemns the taking of life
147.II Timothy 3:16-17
- All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and
training in righteousness,
- so that the servant of God[a] may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
A Biblical Worldview
- Christians are to follow the teachings of the Bible, Morality
- The Bible is humanity’s guide to right and wrong thoughts, motives,
andactions.
148.Genesis 1:26-27
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- Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they
may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all
the wild animals,[a] and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” 27 So
God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male
and female he created them.
A Biblical Worldview
- Identity - God created humans uniquely in His image.
149.Romans 1:24-27
- Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual
impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another. 25 They exchanged the
truth about God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than the
Creator
- who is forever praised. Amen. -
- Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women
exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.
- In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were
inflamed with lust for one another.
- Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due
penalty for their error. Homosexuality
150.Acts 17:26
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- From one man he made all the nations, that they should inhabit the whole earth;
and he marked out their appointed times in history and the boundaries of their
lands. Racism
151.Ephesians 4:15
- Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become in every respect the
mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ. Tolerance
152.II Corinthians 6:14
- Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and
wickedness have in common?
- Or what fellowship can light have with darkness? Relationships: Biblical
principles and guidelines
153.Romans 12:16-18
- Live in harmony with one another.
- Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position. a) Do not
be conceited. b) Do not repay anyone evil for evil. c) Be careful to do what is right
in the eyes of everyone.
- If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone. Tolerance
Suggestion: I would write the verse(s) out on one side of a 3x5 card and the text
on the other side. Carry them around with you while you are waiting for
something. You will be required to match the text with a key concept of the
passage. There are 10 matching questions from these verses. This should be easy
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
if you take the time to study them Know the key facts about Hinduism, Buddhism,
and Islam. For example:
154.Know the founders (if there is one) for each religion.
Hinduism
- No single founder
Buddhism
- Siddhartha Gautama
Islam
- Muhammad
155.What is the view of suffering in Hinduism and Buddhism? The way to stop suffering is to
stop/eliminate desire (eightfold path in Buddhism)
156.Who is god/God in each religion?
Hinduism
- No one understanding of God Buddhism
- Buddha Islam
- Allah
157.What are the following concepts and which religion supports these concepts?
- The Middle Path, the Eightfold Noble Path, Tipitaka, Maya, the Five Pillars,
Karma, the Qur’an. The Middle Path
- Buddhism: The middle path (also known as Dhamma)
- Gautama’s unique contribution to religious thought:
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- That balance “path:
- between the “two extremes”
- of “a life given to pleasures and lusts” and “a life given to mortifications” (harsh
self
- denial of not just bodily wants but bodily needs), both of which he had come to
see as “profitless”
The Eightfold Noble Path
- Buddhism: A path used to eliminate
- Desire to stop suffering.
Eight points categorized in 3 sections:
- wisdom (panna),
- ethical conduct (sila)
- Mental discipline (samadhi)
● Tipitaka
- Buddhism: (also known as the “three baskets”), the three main
sections of Buddhist scriptures; passed on orally by monks and
nuns until committed to writing some 400 years after Buddha’s
death. (like builders passing building material in baskets).
● Maya
- Hinduism: Our perceptions are actually Maya, which means “illusion” or
“appearance”; that is, what we experience in our existence, in the natural
worlds, is not the really real, kind of like a dream or a mirage
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- it appears real and we may act as though it is real, but it is an illusion, it is
an “illusive power” (Gita 3.29).
The Five Pillars
- Islam:
1. The confession of Faith (Shahada)
2. The Contact Prayers (Salat)
3. Alms or Poor Tax (Zakat)
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. The pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)
Karma
- Hinduism: The law of karma (cause and effect based on actions/deeds)
- Keeps people locked in Samsara (even “good karma)
- Depending on karma, may be reincarnated (or return in another physical body) as
a human, an animal, or even a plant
- Good karma is still a curse but has some benefits.
- Temporary heavenly time, then reincarnation in higher caste (thus one step closer
to Moksha).
The Qur’an
- Islam:
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G. Meaning and arrangement “recitation” - the word Qur’an literally means
“recitation” and refers to its being revealed to Muhammad and recited by
him to be written down and read for all true followers of Allah.
H. 114 Surahs (chapters)
158.Know the following terms: Viability, Hospice, and Gender Dysphoria.
● Viability
- The ability for a fetus to survive
● Hospice
- Comfortable care when a patient is dying and helps the family as well
(see question 26)
● Gender Dysphoria
- Gender Dysphoria refers to deep and abiding discomfort over the
incongruence between one’s biological sex and one’s psychological and
emotional experience of a gender.
159.T/F questions come from the topics discussed in class and your reading assignments. I
would encourage you to read over your notes several times for recall during the test.
This test is cumulative. (open links!) Beckwith, F. J., & Koukl, G. (1998).
Relativism. Van Haren Publishing. G, S. (2020).
https://medwinpublishers.com/NNOA/NNOA16000183.pdf
Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access, 5(2).
https://doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000183 Liberty University. (2021, October 27). The
College Years: Challenging the Mind and the Spirit - Journal. Liberty Journal.
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
https://www.liberty.edu/journal/article/the-collegeyears-challenging-the-mind-and-the-spi
rit/
Rigaud, S. (2013). https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20120056.html .
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2012.0056
Uğurlu, S., & Çalal, A. (2019). Epistemological Trends of the Divinity Faculty Students: a
Case Study of Ankara University Divinity Faculty. Dini Araştırmalar.
https://doi.org/10.15745/da.608609
Halverson-World Religions Overview.docx Koukl-When Tolerance is Intolerance.docx
Cole-What the Bible says about Abortion.docx Matthews-Euthanasia.docx
Yarhouse-Understanding the Transgender Phenomenon.docx
Shlemon-Homosexuality-Know the Truth.docx Van Engen-A Royal Marriage.docx
Answers In Genesis-Where Did the Races Come From.docx
160.Natural and Special Revelation
Natural Revelation
- in a general way God has revealed, and continues to reveal,
- His moral will to all mankind.
Special Revelation
- God makes known vital truths about HImself which He has not made
known in nature
161.Proof-texting
- Taking scripture out of context to support a personal interpretation.
- Informal Logical Fallacies:
162.Bandwagon
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- Justifying a course of action because everyone is doing it.
163.Straw Man
- Misrepresenting a position to make it seem weaker than it really is or to demonize
the position to make it sound worse than it is and then to act as if the argument
has been won when the real issue hasn’t even been addressed.
164.Ad Hominem
- (Lit. “To the man”) Seeking to discredit a person’s argument by attacking their
personal character, origin, associations, etc.
165.Is/Ought
Naturalistic Fallacy
- Concluding about the way things ought to be simply on the basis of how things
are or are assumed to be.
166.Red Herring
- Raising an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the primary issue.
- This argument appeals to a person’s fears or sense of pity.
Know the following key concepts of each of the following:
167.Know the five-worldview questions.
A. The question of origin
- “How did life begin in the first place?”
- “Where did I come from?”
B. The question of identity
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
- “What does it mean to be human?”
- “Am I more important than animals?”
C. The question of meaning (purpose)
- “what is meant by right and wrong?”
- “Why am I here?”
D. The question of morality (ethics)
- “What is meant by right and wrong?”
- “How should I live?”
E. The question of destiny
- “Is there life after death?”
- “What will happen to me when I die?”
- “Will I have to answer for the choices I made and how I lived my life?”
168.Know the characteristics of critical thinkers.
KK. They constantly evaluate their own attitudes, values and opinions.
LL. They understand having a right to an opinion does not mean that every opinion is
right, including their own.
MM. They do not pretend to know what they do not know.
NN. They do not blindly adhere to tradition.
OO. They resist and refuse to use manipulation.
PP. They seek clarification of terms.
QQ. They explore many sides of any issue.
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RR. They base their opinions and judgements on evidence.
SS. They look for fallacies in the argument of others.
169.The Law of Non-Contradiction
- Something cannot both exist and not exist or be true and false at the same time in
the same way.
170.Know the difference between Traditional Tolerance and the New Tolerance
● Traditional Tolerance
- Tolerance should be viewed in reference to how we respond to people we
disagree with, not how we respond to the ideas we think are false even
those with whom you disagree and those who are different from you.
- Listening to and learning from other perspectives, cultures, and
backgrounds
- Living peaceably alongside others, in spite of differences
- Accepting other people, regardless of their race, creed, nationality, or sex.
- Traditional tolerance values, respects, and accepts the individual without
necessarily approving of or participating in his/her beliefs or behaviors
● New Tolerance
- To be truly tolerant, you must agree that another person’s position is just
as valid as your own. You must give your approval, your endorsement,
your sincere support to their beliefs and behaviors
- The new tolerance is vastly different from traditional tolerance.
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
➔ It is based on the beliefs that “truth is relative to the community in
which a person participates.
➔ And since there are many human communities, there are
necessarily many different truths.
➔ “Since truth is described by language, and all language is created
by humans, all truth is created by humans”.
➔ If all truth is created by humans, and all humans are “created
equal”, then all truth is equal.
● In contrast to traditional tolerance, which asserts that everyone has an equal right to
believe or say what he thinks is right, the new tolerance says that what every
individual believes or says is equally true and equally valid.
171.The Stronger/Weaker brother/sister
● Stronger Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who participates in an ethical gray area in full assurance
of his conscience because of his understanding of Christian freedom.
➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is more mature in the faith
than a weaker brother/sister.
● Weaker Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who does not participate in an ethical gray area because of
the sensitivity of his conscience: his participation would be a sin to him.
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➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is less mature in the faith
than a stronger brother/sister.
172.Know the following terms for racism:
● Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination
➔ Stereotyping
- A (usually negative) overgeneralization about a certain people
group as a whole based on the unaccepted behavior of a few
members of that group. Prejudice
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
-
“Prejudging” an individual in a negative way because he/she
happens to be from a stereotyped group.
➔ Discrimination
- Unequal treatment of a person on the basis of his/her people group
membership.
173.Know the key content of the following court cases:
● Roe v. Wade, Doe v. Bolton, Griswold v. Connecticut, Eisenstadt vs. Baird, Baby
Doe, Cruzan v. Missouri, Planned Parenthood vs. Casey
➔ Roe v. Wade
- January 22, 1973: main ruling- lifted bans on abortion in all 50
atates. A woman’s “right to privacy” extends to her liberty to
terminate an unwanted pregnancy
- Also: the unborn are not”persons” and thus ineligible for
constitutional protection.
➔ Doe v. Bolton
- January 22, 1973: Main ruling- it expanded the definition of the
“health” of the mother to include familial, financial, and
psychological issues etc. as determined by her physician.
➔ Griswold v. Connecticut
- decided June &, 1965: Right to privacy about married relations.
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
-
Downloaded by Hanry Orthon ([email protected])
- Griswold = planned parenthood director arrested for talking about
birth control.
➔ Eisenstadt v. Baird
decided March 22, 1972: The single have a right to contraceptives.
- Eisenstadt = mass defense.
- Baird = professor at Boston University, gave student birth control.
Constitutionally does not define single vs. married.
➔ Planned Parenthood v. Casey
- 1992: Main ruling- discarded 3 trimesters of Roe and focused on
the “viability” of the fetus as the determining point where a state’s
interest in unborn life begins.
- Baby Doe → April 1982: infanticide. Death and hole in the
esophagus.
➔ Cruzan v. Missouri
- 1983-1990: Missouri ruled against the parents saying that Nancy’s
life could not be terminated, however friends eventually provided
evidence that this is what she wanted. Self Choice.
174.Know the following people:
● Norma McCorvey, Karen Ann Quinlan, Nancy Cruzan, Terry Schiavo, Derek
Humphrey
➔ Norma McCorvey
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-
- Also known as Jane Roe, the woman involved in Roe v. Wade.
Claimed she was raped, but later admitted she just made a mistake.
- Single woman with unwanted pregnancy.
➔ Karen Ann Quinlan
Persistent vegetative state- they thought she would be the first
euthanasia case and taken off life support in 1976.
- She lived 10 more years.
➔ Terry Schiavo
- Suffered severe brain damage in 1990 and finally taken off life
support and feeding tube in 2005 and died.
➔ Nancy Cruzan
- Was in a coma and part of Cruzan v. Missouri. Parents lost,
however overturned when friends provided self choice evidence.
➔ Derek Humphrey
- The head of the Hemlock Society.
- Drug table with dosage to kill yourself successfully.
- Big support of Euthinasia.
175.Be able to identify a surgical or chemical abortion method.
● Chemical abortion
- birth control method, RU 486, Prostaglandin, Saline injection
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● surgical abortion
- dilation and curettage, suction and aspiration, dilation and evacuation,
hysterotomy, dilation and extraction
- DandX or partial birth
176.Which abortion methods stop the implantation of a fertilized egg?
- Birth Control method (birth control, IUD, and morning after pill)
177.What was the first state in the U.S. to allow Doctor-Assisted Suicide?
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- Oregon
- Measure 16 and Death with dignity Act: Oregon’s assisted suicide law
- October 1997.
178.Review the reading assignments used for quizzes. (see bottom)
179.Be able to identify the factors for the Love Test, Factors of Compatibility during
Engagement and the Danger Signals in Dating.
- Love Test
U. Spiritual consideration
V. Intelligence and ability
W. Common interests
X. Similarity of backgrounds
Y. Attitude or philosophy of life (worldview)
- Factors of Compatibility during engagement
Y. Spiritual
Z. Financial
AA. Parenthood
BB. Relatives
CC. Social activities
DD. Friends and associates
- The Danger Signals in Dating
KK. Fighting
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LL. Breaking up frequently
MM. Serious doubt
NN. Desire to date others
OO. depression/moodiness
PP. Extreme difference in friendships
QQ. physical/emotional abuse
RR. Length of acquaintance
SS. Desire to marry in spite of the warnings
180.Review the notes on Homosexuality and the myths addressed in class.
Myths behind the homosexual agenda:
17. Homosexuslity qualifies for minority status and special legal protection
18. Homosexuals compose 10% of the US population
19. Homosexuality is genetically determined, thus uncontrolable
20. Homosexuals cannot change
181.Know the difference between Voluntary Passive, Voluntary Active, Involuntary Passive
and Involuntary Active Euthanasia.
Passive Euthanasia
- Withholding medical treatment or discontinuing treatment… “Letting die”... cause
of death is the same as the condition causing the suffering (disease, respiratory
failure, etc.)
Active Euthanasia
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- Actively doing something to bring about the death of the patient… lethal
injection, smothering with a pillow, etc...the cause of death is not the condition
causing the suffering, but rather something else.
Involuntary Euthanasia
- patient does not request their own death
- someone else decides for them that they are better off dead. This usually occurs
when a patient is unable to communicate (coma) or unable to understand their
condition.
Voluntary Euthanasia
- Patients request their own death - either verbally, in writing, or via a Living Will.
(some states will recognize testimony or friends/family, but not all)
182.What is Palliative Care/Hospice?
U. Help patients and families deal with the fear of the unknown
V. Help with pain control
W. Thoughts of suicide and depression are dalt with
X. They deal with the “burden” issue
Y. They help the family deal with the care of dying
Know the main idea of each of the following scriptures.
183.I Corinthians 10:31
- So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.
Christian Liberty
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- Principle of Exaltation
184.Psalm 139:13-16
- For you created my inner being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb.
- 14 I praise you because I am fearful and wonderfully made; your works are
wonderful, I know that fully well.
- 15 My frame was not hidden from you when I was made in the secret place, when
I was woven together in the depths of the earth.16 Your eyes saw my unformed
body; all the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them
came to be. Abortion - The Unborn are known by God
185.Exodus 20:13 - You shall not murder.
- Euthinasia
- The Bible specifically condemns the taking of life
186.II Timothy 3:16-17
- All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and
training in righteousness,
- so that the servant of God[a] may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
A Biblical Worldview
- Christians are to follow the teachings of the Bible, Morality
- The Bible is humanity’s guide to right and wrong thoughts, motives,
andactions.
187.Genesis 1:26-27
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- Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they
may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all
the wild animals,[a] and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” 27 So
God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male
and female he created them.
A Biblical Worldview
- Identity - God created humans uniquely in His image.
188.Romans 1:24-27
- Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual
impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another. 25 They exchanged the
truth about God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than the
Creator
- who is forever praised. Amen. -
- Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women
exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.
- In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were
inflamed with lust for one another.
- Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due
penalty for their error. Homosexuality
189.Acts 17:26
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- From one man he made all the nations, that they should inhabit the whole earth;
and he marked out their appointed times in history and the boundaries of their
lands. Racism
190.Ephesians 4:15
- Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become in every respect the
mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ. Tolerance
191.II Corinthians 6:14
- Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and
wickedness have in common?
- Or what fellowship can light have with darkness? Relationships: Biblical
principles and guidelines
192.Romans 12:16-18
- Live in harmony with one another.
- Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position. a) Do not
be conceited. b) Do not repay anyone evil for evil. c) Be careful to do what is right
in the eyes of everyone.
- If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone. Tolerance
Suggestion: I would write the verse(s) out on one side of a 3x5 card and the text
on the other side. Carry them around with you while you are waiting for
something. You will be required to match the text with a key concept of the
passage. There are 10 matching questions from these verses. This should be easy
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if you take the time to study them Know the key facts about Hinduism, Buddhism,
and Islam. For example:
193.Know the founders (if there is one) for each religion.
Hinduism
- No single founder
Buddhism
- Siddhartha Gautama
Islam
- Muhammad
194.What is the view of suffering in Hinduism and Buddhism? The way to stop suffering is to
stop/eliminate desire (eightfold path in Buddhism)
195.Who is god/God in each religion?
Hinduism
- No one understanding of God Buddhism
- Buddha Islam
- Allah
196.What are the following concepts and which religion supports these concepts?
- The Middle Path, the Eightfold Noble Path, Tipitaka, Maya, the Five Pillars,
Karma, the Qur’an. The Middle Path
- Buddhism: The middle path (also known as Dhamma)
- Gautama’s unique contribution to religious thought:
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- That balance “path:
- between the “two extremes”
- of “a life given to pleasures and lusts” and “a life given to mortifications” (harsh
self
- denial of not just bodily wants but bodily needs), both of which he had come to
see as “profitless”
The Eightfold Noble Path
- Buddhism: A path used to eliminate
- Desire to stop suffering.
Eight points categorized in 3 sections:
- wisdom (panna),
- ethical conduct (sila)
- Mental discipline (samadhi)
● Tipitaka
- Buddhism: (also known as the “three baskets”), the three main
sections of Buddhist scriptures; passed on orally by monks and
nuns until committed to writing some 400 years after Buddha’s
death. (like builders passing building material in baskets).
● Maya
- Hinduism: Our perceptions are actually Maya, which means “illusion” or
“appearance”; that is, what we experience in our existence, in the natural
worlds, is not the really real, kind of like a dream or a mirage
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- it appears real and we may act as though it is real, but it is an illusion, it is
an “illusive power” (Gita 3.29).
The Five Pillars
- Islam:
1. The confession of Faith (Shahada)
2. The Contact Prayers (Salat)
3. Alms or Poor Tax (Zakat)
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. The pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)
Karma
- Hinduism: The law of karma (cause and effect based on actions/deeds)
- Keeps people locked in Samsara (even “good karma)
- Depending on karma, may be reincarnated (or return in another physical body) as
a human, an animal, or even a plant
- Good karma is still a curse but has some benefits.
- Temporary heavenly time, then reincarnation in higher caste (thus one step closer
to Moksha).
The Qur’an
- Islam:
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I. Meaning and arrangement “recitation” - the word Qur’an literally means
“recitation” and refers to its being revealed to Muhammad and recited by
him to be written down and read for all true followers of Allah.
J. 114 Surahs (chapters)
197.Know the following terms: Viability, Hospice, and Gender Dysphoria.
● Viability
- The ability for a fetus to survive
● Hospice
- Comfortable care when a patient is dying and helps the family as well
(see question 26)
● Gender Dysphoria
- Gender Dysphoria refers to deep and abiding discomfort over the
incongruence between one’s biological sex and one’s psychological and
emotional experience of a gender.
198.T/F questions come from the topics discussed in class and your reading assignments. I
would encourage you to read over your notes several times for recall during the test.
This test is cumulative. (open links!) Beckwith, F. J., & Koukl, G. (1998).
Relativism. Van Haren Publishing. G, S. (2020).
https://medwinpublishers.com/NNOA/NNOA16000183.pdf
Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access, 5(2).
https://doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000183 Liberty University. (2021, October 27). The
College Years: Challenging the Mind and the Spirit - Journal. Liberty Journal.
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https://www.liberty.edu/journal/article/the-collegeyears-challenging-the-mind-and-the-spi
rit/
Rigaud, S. (2013). https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20120056.html .
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2012.0056
Uğurlu, S., & Çalal, A. (2019). Epistemological Trends of the Divinity Faculty Students: a
Case Study of Ankara University Divinity Faculty. Dini Araştırmalar.
https://doi.org/10.15745/da.608609
Halverson-World Religions Overview.docx Koukl-When Tolerance is Intolerance.docx
Cole-What the Bible says about Abortion.docx Matthews-Euthanasia.docx
Yarhouse-Understanding the Transgender Phenomenon.docx
Shlemon-Homosexuality-Know the Truth.docx Van Engen-A Royal Marriage.docx
Answers In Genesis-Where Did the Races Come From.docx
199.Natural and Special Revelation
Natural Revelation
- in a general way God has revealed, and continues to reveal,
- His moral will to all mankind.
Special Revelation
- God makes known vital truths about HImself which He has not made
known in nature
200.Proof-texting
- Taking scripture out of context to support a personal interpretation.
- Informal Logical Fallacies:
201.Bandwagon
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- Justifying a course of action because everyone is doing it.
202.Straw Man
- Misrepresenting a position to make it seem weaker than it really is or to demonize
the position to make it sound worse than it is and then to act as if the argument
has been won when the real issue hasn’t even been addressed.
203.Ad Hominem
- (Lit. “To the man”) Seeking to discredit a person’s argument by attacking their
personal character, origin, associations, etc.
204.Is/Ought
Naturalistic Fallacy
- Concluding about the way things ought to be simply on the basis of how things
are or are assumed to be.
205.Red Herring
- Raising an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the primary issue.
- This argument appeals to a person’s fears or sense of pity.
Know the following key concepts of each of the following:
206.Know the five-worldview questions.
A. The question of origin
- “How did life begin in the first place?”
- “Where did I come from?”
B. The question of identity
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- “What does it mean to be human?”
- “Am I more important than animals?”
C. The question of meaning (purpose)
- “what is meant by right and wrong?”
- “Why am I here?”
D. The question of morality (ethics)
- “What is meant by right and wrong?”
- “How should I live?”
E. The question of destiny
- “Is there life after death?”
- “What will happen to me when I die?”
- “Will I have to answer for the choices I made and how I lived my life?”
207.Know the characteristics of critical thinkers.
TT. They constantly evaluate their own attitudes, values and opinions.
UU. They understand having a right to an opinion does not mean that every opinion is
right, including their own.
VV. They do not pretend to know what they do not know.
WW. They do not blindly adhere to tradition.
XX. They resist and refuse to use manipulation.
YY. They seek clarification of terms.
ZZ. They explore many sides of any issue.
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AAA. They base their opinions and judgements on evidence.
BBB. They look for fallacies in the argument of others.
208.The Law of Non-Contradiction
- Something cannot both exist and not exist or be true and false at the same time in
the same way.
209.Know the difference between Traditional Tolerance and the New Tolerance
● Traditional Tolerance
- Tolerance should be viewed in reference to how we respond to people we
disagree with, not how we respond to the ideas we think are false even
those with whom you disagree and those who are different from you.
- Listening to and learning from other perspectives, cultures, and
backgrounds
- Living peaceably alongside others, in spite of differences
- Accepting other people, regardless of their race, creed, nationality, or sex.
- Traditional tolerance values, respects, and accepts the individual without
necessarily approving of or participating in his/her beliefs or behaviors
● New Tolerance
- To be truly tolerant, you must agree that another person’s position is just
as valid as your own. You must give your approval, your endorsement,
your sincere support to their beliefs and behaviors
- The new tolerance is vastly different from traditional tolerance.
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➔ It is based on the beliefs that “truth is relative to the community in
which a person participates.
➔ And since there are many human communities, there are
necessarily many different truths.
➔ “Since truth is described by language, and all language is created
by humans, all truth is created by humans”.
➔ If all truth is created by humans, and all humans are “created
equal”, then all truth is equal.
● In contrast to traditional tolerance, which asserts that everyone has an equal right to
believe or say what he thinks is right, the new tolerance says that what every
individual believes or says is equally true and equally valid.
210.The Stronger/Weaker brother/sister
● Stronger Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who participates in an ethical gray area in full assurance
of his conscience because of his understanding of Christian freedom.
➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is more mature in the faith
than a weaker brother/sister.
● Weaker Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who does not participate in an ethical gray area because of
the sensitivity of his conscience: his participation would be a sin to him.
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➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is less mature in the faith
than a stronger brother/sister.
211.Know the following terms for racism:
● Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination
➔ Stereotyping
- A (usually negative) overgeneralization about a certain people
group as a whole based on the unaccepted behavior of a few
members of that group. Prejudice
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-
“Prejudging” an individual in a negative way because he/she
happens to be from a stereotyped group.
➔ Discrimination
- Unequal treatment of a person on the basis of his/her people group
membership.
212.Know the key content of the following court cases:
● Roe v. Wade, Doe v. Bolton, Griswold v. Connecticut, Eisenstadt vs. Baird, Baby
Doe, Cruzan v. Missouri, Planned Parenthood vs. Casey
➔ Roe v. Wade
- January 22, 1973: main ruling- lifted bans on abortion in all 50
atates. A woman’s “right to privacy” extends to her liberty to
terminate an unwanted pregnancy
- Also: the unborn are not”persons” and thus ineligible for
constitutional protection.
➔ Doe v. Bolton
- January 22, 1973: Main ruling- it expanded the definition of the
“health” of the mother to include familial, financial, and
psychological issues etc. as determined by her physician.
➔ Griswold v. Connecticut
- decided June &, 1965: Right to privacy about married relations.
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- Griswold = planned parenthood director arrested for talking about
birth control.
➔ Eisenstadt v. Baird
decided March 22, 1972: The single have a right to contraceptives.
- Eisenstadt = mass defense.
- Baird = professor at Boston University, gave student birth control.
Constitutionally does not define single vs. married.
➔ Planned Parenthood v. Casey
- 1992: Main ruling- discarded 3 trimesters of Roe and focused on
the “viability” of the fetus as the determining point where a state’s
interest in unborn life begins.
- Baby Doe → April 1982: infanticide. Death and hole in the
esophagus.
➔ Cruzan v. Missouri
- 1983-1990: Missouri ruled against the parents saying that Nancy’s
life could not be terminated, however friends eventually provided
evidence that this is what she wanted. Self Choice.
213.Know the following people:
● Norma McCorvey, Karen Ann Quinlan, Nancy Cruzan, Terry Schiavo, Derek
Humphrey
➔ Norma McCorvey
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-
- Also known as Jane Roe, the woman involved in Roe v. Wade.
Claimed she was raped, but later admitted she just made a mistake.
- Single woman with unwanted pregnancy.
➔ Karen Ann Quinlan
Persistent vegetative state- they thought she would be the first
euthanasia case and taken off life support in 1976.
- She lived 10 more years.
➔ Terry Schiavo
- Suffered severe brain damage in 1990 and finally taken off life
support and feeding tube in 2005 and died.
➔ Nancy Cruzan
- Was in a coma and part of Cruzan v. Missouri. Parents lost,
however overturned when friends provided self choice evidence.
➔ Derek Humphrey
- The head of the Hemlock Society.
- Drug table with dosage to kill yourself successfully.
- Big support of Euthinasia.
214.Be able to identify a surgical or chemical abortion method.
● Chemical abortion
- birth control method, RU 486, Prostaglandin, Saline injection
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● surgical abortion
- dilation and curettage, suction and aspiration, dilation and evacuation,
hysterotomy, dilation and extraction
- DandX or partial birth
215.Which abortion methods stop the implantation of a fertilized egg?
- Birth Control method (birth control, IUD, and morning after pill)
216.What was the first state in the U.S. to allow Doctor-Assisted Suicide?
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- Oregon
- Measure 16 and Death with dignity Act: Oregon’s assisted suicide law
- October 1997.
217.Review the reading assignments used for quizzes. (see bottom)
218.Be able to identify the factors for the Love Test, Factors of Compatibility during
Engagement and the Danger Signals in Dating.
- Love Test
Z. Spiritual consideration
AA. Intelligence and ability
BB. Common interests
CC. Similarity of backgrounds
DD. Attitude or philosophy of life (worldview)
- Factors of Compatibility during engagement
EE. Spiritual
FF. Financial
GG. Parenthood
HH. Relatives
II. Social activities
JJ. Friends and associates
- The Danger Signals in Dating
TT. Fighting
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UU. Breaking up frequently
VV. Serious doubt
WW. Desire to date others
XX. depression/moodiness
YY. Extreme difference in friendships
ZZ. physical/emotional abuse
AAA. Length of acquaintance
BBB. Desire to marry in spite of the warnings
219.Review the notes on Homosexuality and the myths addressed in class.
Myths behind the homosexual agenda:
21. Homosexuslity qualifies for minority status and special legal protection
22. Homosexuals compose 10% of the US population
23. Homosexuality is genetically determined, thus uncontrolable
24. Homosexuals cannot change
220.Know the difference between Voluntary Passive, Voluntary Active, Involuntary Passive
and Involuntary Active Euthanasia.
Passive Euthanasia
- Withholding medical treatment or discontinuing treatment… “Letting die”... cause
of death is the same as the condition causing the suffering (disease, respiratory
failure, etc.)
Active Euthanasia
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- Actively doing something to bring about the death of the patient… lethal
injection, smothering with a pillow, etc...the cause of death is not the condition
causing the suffering, but rather something else.
Involuntary Euthanasia
- patient does not request their own death
- someone else decides for them that they are better off dead. This usually occurs
when a patient is unable to communicate (coma) or unable to understand their
condition.
Voluntary Euthanasia
- Patients request their own death - either verbally, in writing, or via a Living Will.
(some states will recognize testimony or friends/family, but not all)
221.What is Palliative Care/Hospice?
Z. Help patients and families deal with the fear of the unknown
AA. Help with pain control
BB. Thoughts of suicide and depression are dalt with
CC. They deal with the “burden” issue
DD. They help the family deal with the care of dying
Know the main idea of each of the following scriptures.
222.I Corinthians 10:31
- So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.
Christian Liberty
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- Principle of Exaltation
223.Psalm 139:13-16
- For you created my inner being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb.
- 14 I praise you because I am fearful and wonderfully made; your works are
wonderful, I know that fully well.
- 15 My frame was not hidden from you when I was made in the secret place, when
I was woven together in the depths of the earth.16 Your eyes saw my unformed
body; all the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them
came to be. Abortion - The Unborn are known by God
224.Exodus 20:13 - You shall not murder.
- Euthinasia
- The Bible specifically condemns the taking of life
225.II Timothy 3:16-17
- All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and
training in righteousness,
- so that the servant of God[a] may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
A Biblical Worldview
- Christians are to follow the teachings of the Bible, Morality
- The Bible is humanity’s guide to right and wrong thoughts, motives,
andactions.
226.Genesis 1:26-27
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- Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they
may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all
the wild animals,[a] and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” 27 So
God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male
and female he created them.
A Biblical Worldview
- Identity - God created humans uniquely in His image.
227.Romans 1:24-27
- Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual
impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another. 25 They exchanged the
truth about God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than the
Creator
- who is forever praised. Amen. -
- Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women
exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.
- In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were
inflamed with lust for one another.
- Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due
penalty for their error. Homosexuality
228.Acts 17:26
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- From one man he made all the nations, that they should inhabit the whole earth;
and he marked out their appointed times in history and the boundaries of their
lands. Racism
229.Ephesians 4:15
- Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become in every respect the
mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ. Tolerance
230.II Corinthians 6:14
- Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and
wickedness have in common?
- Or what fellowship can light have with darkness? Relationships: Biblical
principles and guidelines
231.Romans 12:16-18
- Live in harmony with one another.
- Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position. a) Do not
be conceited. b) Do not repay anyone evil for evil. c) Be careful to do what is right
in the eyes of everyone.
- If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone. Tolerance
Suggestion: I would write the verse(s) out on one side of a 3x5 card and the text
on the other side. Carry them around with you while you are waiting for
something. You will be required to match the text with a key concept of the
passage. There are 10 matching questions from these verses. This should be easy
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if you take the time to study them Know the key facts about Hinduism, Buddhism,
and Islam. For example:
232.Know the founders (if there is one) for each religion.
Hinduism
- No single founder
Buddhism
- Siddhartha Gautama
Islam
- Muhammad
233.What is the view of suffering in Hinduism and Buddhism? The way to stop suffering is to
stop/eliminate desire (eightfold path in Buddhism)
234.Who is god/God in each religion?
Hinduism
- No one understanding of God Buddhism
- Buddha Islam
- Allah
235.What are the following concepts and which religion supports these concepts?
- The Middle Path, the Eightfold Noble Path, Tipitaka, Maya, the Five Pillars,
Karma, the Qur’an. The Middle Path
- Buddhism: The middle path (also known as Dhamma)
- Gautama’s unique contribution to religious thought:
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- That balance “path:
- between the “two extremes”
- of “a life given to pleasures and lusts” and “a life given to mortifications” (harsh
self
- denial of not just bodily wants but bodily needs), both of which he had come to
see as “profitless”
The Eightfold Noble Path
- Buddhism: A path used to eliminate
- Desire to stop suffering.
Eight points categorized in 3 sections:
- wisdom (panna),
- ethical conduct (sila)
- Mental discipline (samadhi)
● Tipitaka
- Buddhism: (also known as the “three baskets”), the three main
sections of Buddhist scriptures; passed on orally by monks and
nuns until committed to writing some 400 years after Buddha’s
death. (like builders passing building material in baskets).
● Maya
- Hinduism: Our perceptions are actually Maya, which means “illusion” or
“appearance”; that is, what we experience in our existence, in the natural
worlds, is not the really real, kind of like a dream or a mirage
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- it appears real and we may act as though it is real, but it is an illusion, it is
an “illusive power” (Gita 3.29).
The Five Pillars
- Islam:
1. The confession of Faith (Shahada)
2. The Contact Prayers (Salat)
3. Alms or Poor Tax (Zakat)
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. The pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)
Karma
- Hinduism: The law of karma (cause and effect based on actions/deeds)
- Keeps people locked in Samsara (even “good karma)
- Depending on karma, may be reincarnated (or return in another physical body) as
a human, an animal, or even a plant
- Good karma is still a curse but has some benefits.
- Temporary heavenly time, then reincarnation in higher caste (thus one step closer
to Moksha).
The Qur’an
- Islam:
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K. Meaning and arrangement “recitation” - the word Qur’an literally means
“recitation” and refers to its being revealed to Muhammad and recited by
him to be written down and read for all true followers of Allah.
L. 114 Surahs (chapters)
236.Know the following terms: Viability, Hospice, and Gender Dysphoria.
● Viability
- The ability for a fetus to survive
● Hospice
- Comfortable care when a patient is dying and helps the family as well
(see question 26)
● Gender Dysphoria
- Gender Dysphoria refers to deep and abiding discomfort over the
incongruence between one’s biological sex and one’s psychological and
emotional experience of a gender.
237.T/F questions come from the topics discussed in class and your reading assignments. I
would encourage you to read over your notes several times for recall during the test.
This test is cumulative. (open links!) Beckwith, F. J., & Koukl, G. (1998).
Relativism. Van Haren Publishing. G, S. (2020).
https://medwinpublishers.com/NNOA/NNOA16000183.pdf
Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access, 5(2).
https://doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000183 Liberty University. (2021, October 27). The
College Years: Challenging the Mind and the Spirit - Journal. Liberty Journal.
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
https://www.liberty.edu/journal/article/the-collegeyears-challenging-the-mind-and-the-spi
rit/
Rigaud, S. (2013). https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20120056.html .
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2012.0056
Uğurlu, S., & Çalal, A. (2019). Epistemological Trends of the Divinity Faculty Students: a
Case Study of Ankara University Divinity Faculty. Dini Araştırmalar.
https://doi.org/10.15745/da.608609
Halverson-World Religions Overview.docx Koukl-When Tolerance is Intolerance.docx
Cole-What the Bible says about Abortion.docx Matthews-Euthanasia.docx
Yarhouse-Understanding the Transgender Phenomenon.docx
Shlemon-Homosexuality-Know the Truth.docx Van Engen-A Royal Marriage.docx
Answers In Genesis-Where Did the Races Come From.docx
238.Natural and Special Revelation
Natural Revelation
- in a general way God has revealed, and continues to reveal,
- His moral will to all mankind.
Special Revelation
- God makes known vital truths about HImself which He has not made
known in nature
239.Proof-texting
- Taking scripture out of context to support a personal interpretation.
- Informal Logical Fallacies:
240.Bandwagon
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- Justifying a course of action because everyone is doing it.
241.Straw Man
- Misrepresenting a position to make it seem weaker than it really is or to demonize
the position to make it sound worse than it is and then to act as if the argument
has been won when the real issue hasn’t even been addressed.
242.Ad Hominem
- (Lit. “To the man”) Seeking to discredit a person’s argument by attacking their
personal character, origin, associations, etc.
243.Is/Ought
Naturalistic Fallacy
- Concluding about the way things ought to be simply on the basis of how things
are or are assumed to be.
244.Red Herring
- Raising an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the primary issue.
- This argument appeals to a person’s fears or sense of pity.
Know the following key concepts of each of the following:
245.Know the five-worldview questions.
A. The question of origin
- “How did life begin in the first place?”
- “Where did I come from?”
B. The question of identity
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- “What does it mean to be human?”
- “Am I more important than animals?”
C. The question of meaning (purpose)
- “what is meant by right and wrong?”
- “Why am I here?”
D. The question of morality (ethics)
- “What is meant by right and wrong?”
- “How should I live?”
E. The question of destiny
- “Is there life after death?”
- “What will happen to me when I die?”
- “Will I have to answer for the choices I made and how I lived my life?”
246.Know the characteristics of critical thinkers.
CCC. They constantly evaluate their own attitudes, values and opinions.
DDD. They understand having a right to an opinion does not mean that every
opinion is right, including their own.
EEE. They do not pretend to know what they do not know.
FFF. They do not blindly adhere to tradition.
GGG. They resist and refuse to use manipulation.
HHH. They seek clarification of terms.
III. They explore many sides of any issue.
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JJJ. They base their opinions and judgements on evidence.
KKK. They look for fallacies in the argument of others.
247.The Law of Non-Contradiction
- Something cannot both exist and not exist or be true and false at the same time in
the same way.
248.Know the difference between Traditional Tolerance and the New Tolerance
● Traditional Tolerance
- Tolerance should be viewed in reference to how we respond to people we
disagree with, not how we respond to the ideas we think are false even
those with whom you disagree and those who are different from you.
- Listening to and learning from other perspectives, cultures, and
backgrounds
- Living peaceably alongside others, in spite of differences
- Accepting other people, regardless of their race, creed, nationality, or sex.
- Traditional tolerance values, respects, and accepts the individual without
necessarily approving of or participating in his/her beliefs or behaviors
● New Tolerance
- To be truly tolerant, you must agree that another person’s position is just
as valid as your own. You must give your approval, your endorsement,
your sincere support to their beliefs and behaviors
- The new tolerance is vastly different from traditional tolerance.
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➔ It is based on the beliefs that “truth is relative to the community in
which a person participates.
➔ And since there are many human communities, there are
necessarily many different truths.
➔ “Since truth is described by language, and all language is created
by humans, all truth is created by humans”.
➔ If all truth is created by humans, and all humans are “created
equal”, then all truth is equal.
● In contrast to traditional tolerance, which asserts that everyone has an equal right to
believe or say what he thinks is right, the new tolerance says that what every
individual believes or says is equally true and equally valid.
249.The Stronger/Weaker brother/sister
● Stronger Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who participates in an ethical gray area in full assurance
of his conscience because of his understanding of Christian freedom.
➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is more mature in the faith
than a weaker brother/sister.
● Weaker Brother/Sister:
- This is a person who does not participate in an ethical gray area because of
the sensitivity of his conscience: his participation would be a sin to him.
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➔ Note- this does not necessarily mean he is less mature in the faith
than a stronger brother/sister.
250.Know the following terms for racism:
● Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination
➔ Stereotyping
- A (usually negative) overgeneralization about a certain people
group as a whole based on the unaccepted behavior of a few
members of that group. Prejudice
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-
“Prejudging” an individual in a negative way because he/she
happens to be from a stereotyped group.
➔ Discrimination
- Unequal treatment of a person on the basis of his/her people group
membership.
251.Know the key content of the following court cases:
● Roe v. Wade, Doe v. Bolton, Griswold v. Connecticut, Eisenstadt vs. Baird, Baby
Doe, Cruzan v. Missouri, Planned Parenthood vs. Casey
➔ Roe v. Wade
- January 22, 1973: main ruling- lifted bans on abortion in all 50
atates. A woman’s “right to privacy” extends to her liberty to
terminate an unwanted pregnancy
- Also: the unborn are not”persons” and thus ineligible for
constitutional protection.
➔ Doe v. Bolton
- January 22, 1973: Main ruling- it expanded the definition of the
“health” of the mother to include familial, financial, and
psychological issues etc. as determined by her physician.
➔ Griswold v. Connecticut
- decided June &, 1965: Right to privacy about married relations.
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-
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- Griswold = planned parenthood director arrested for talking about
birth control.
➔ Eisenstadt v. Baird
decided March 22, 1972: The single have a right to contraceptives.
- Eisenstadt = mass defense.
- Baird = professor at Boston University, gave student birth control.
Constitutionally does not define single vs. married.
➔ Planned Parenthood v. Casey
- 1992: Main ruling- discarded 3 trimesters of Roe and focused on
the “viability” of the fetus as the determining point where a state’s
interest in unborn life begins.
- Baby Doe → April 1982: infanticide. Death and hole in the
esophagus.
➔ Cruzan v. Missouri
- 1983-1990: Missouri ruled against the parents saying that Nancy’s
life could not be terminated, however friends eventually provided
evidence that this is what she wanted. Self Choice.
252.Know the following people:
● Norma McCorvey, Karen Ann Quinlan, Nancy Cruzan, Terry Schiavo, Derek
Humphrey
➔ Norma McCorvey
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-
- Also known as Jane Roe, the woman involved in Roe v. Wade.
Claimed she was raped, but later admitted she just made a mistake.
- Single woman with unwanted pregnancy.
➔ Karen Ann Quinlan
Persistent vegetative state- they thought she would be the first
euthanasia case and taken off life support in 1976.
- She lived 10 more years.
➔ Terry Schiavo
- Suffered severe brain damage in 1990 and finally taken off life
support and feeding tube in 2005 and died.
➔ Nancy Cruzan
- Was in a coma and part of Cruzan v. Missouri. Parents lost,
however overturned when friends provided self choice evidence.
➔ Derek Humphrey
- The head of the Hemlock Society.
- Drug table with dosage to kill yourself successfully.
- Big support of Euthinasia.
253.Be able to identify a surgical or chemical abortion method.
● Chemical abortion
- birth control method, RU 486, Prostaglandin, Saline injection
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-
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● surgical abortion
- dilation and curettage, suction and aspiration, dilation and evacuation,
hysterotomy, dilation and extraction
- DandX or partial birth
254.Which abortion methods stop the implantation of a fertilized egg?
- Birth Control method (birth control, IUD, and morning after pill)
255.What was the first state in the U.S. to allow Doctor-Assisted Suicide?
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- Oregon
- Measure 16 and Death with dignity Act: Oregon’s assisted suicide law
- October 1997.
256.Review the reading assignments used for quizzes. (see bottom)
257.Be able to identify the factors for the Love Test, Factors of Compatibility during
Engagement and the Danger Signals in Dating.
- Love Test
EE. Spiritual consideration
FF. Intelligence and ability
GG. Common interests
HH. Similarity of backgrounds
II. Attitude or philosophy of life (worldview)
- Factors of Compatibility during engagement
KK. Spiritual
LL. Financial
MM. Parenthood
NN. Relatives
OO. Social activities
PP. Friends and associates
- The Danger Signals in Dating
CCC. Fighting
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DDD. Breaking up frequently
EEE. Serious doubt
FFF. Desire to date others
GGG. depression/moodiness
HHH. Extreme difference in friendships
III. physical/emotional abuse
JJJ. Length of acquaintance
KKK. Desire to marry in spite of the warnings
258.Review the notes on Homosexuality and the myths addressed in class.
Myths behind the homosexual agenda:
25. Homosexuslity qualifies for minority status and special legal protection
26. Homosexuals compose 10% of the US population
27. Homosexuality is genetically determined, thus uncontrolable
28. Homosexuals cannot change
259.Know the difference between Voluntary Passive, Voluntary Active, Involuntary Passive
and Involuntary Active Euthanasia.
Passive Euthanasia
- Withholding medical treatment or discontinuing treatment… “Letting die”...
cause of death is the same as the condition causing the suffering (disease,
respiratory failure, etc.)
Active Euthanasia
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- Actively doing something to bring about the death of the patient… lethal
injection, smothering with a pillow, etc...the cause of death is not the condition
causing the suffering, but rather something else.
Involuntary Euthanasia
- patient does not request their own death
- someone else decides for them that they are better off dead. This usually occurs
when a patient is unable to communicate (coma) or unable to understand their
condition.
Voluntary Euthanasia
- Patients request their own death - either verbally, in writing, or via a Living Will.
(some states will recognize testimony or friends/family, but not all)
260.What is Palliative Care/Hospice?
EE. Help patients and families deal with the fear of the unknown
FF. Help with pain control
GG. Thoughts of suicide and depression are dalt with
HH. They deal with the “burden” issue
II. They help the family deal with the care of dying
Know the main idea of each of the following scriptures.
261.I Corinthians 10:31
- So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.
Christian Liberty
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- Principle of Exaltation
262.Psalm 139:13-16
- For you created my inner being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb.
- 14 I praise you because I am fearful and wonderfully made; your works are
wonderful, I know that fully well.
- 15 My frame was not hidden from you when I was made in the secret place, when
I was woven together in the depths of the earth.16 Your eyes saw my unformed
body; all the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them
came to be. Abortion - The Unborn are known by God
263.Exodus 20:13 - You shall not murder.
- Euthinasia
- The Bible specifically condemns the taking of life
264.II Timothy 3:16-17
- All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and
training in righteousness,
- so that the servant of God[a] may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
A Biblical Worldview
- Christians are to follow the teachings of the Bible, Morality
- The Bible is humanity’s guide to right and wrong thoughts, motives,
andactions.
265.Genesis 1:26-27
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- Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they
may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all
the wild animals,[a] and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” 27 So
God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them;
male and female he created them.
A Biblical Worldview
- Identity - God created humans uniquely in His image.
266.Romans 1:24-27
- Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual
impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another. 25 They exchanged
the truth about God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than
the Creator
- who is forever praised. Amen. -
- Because of this, God gave them over to shameful lusts. Even their women
exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.
- In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were
inflamed with lust for one another.
- Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due
penalty for their error. Homosexuality
267.Acts 17:26
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- From one man he made all the nations, that they should inhabit the whole earth;
and he marked out their appointed times in history and the boundaries of their
lands. Racism
268.Ephesians 4:15
- Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become in every respect the
mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ. Tolerance
269.II Corinthians 6:14
- Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and
wickedness have in common?
- Or what fellowship can light have with darkness? Relationships: Biblical
principles and guidelines
270.Romans 12:16-18
- Live in harmony with one another.
- Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position. a) Do
not be conceited. b) Do not repay anyone evil for evil. c) Be careful to do what is
right in the eyes of everyone.
- If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone.
Tolerance Suggestion: I would write the verse(s) out on one side of a 3x5 card
and the text on the other side. Carry them around with you while you are waiting
for something. You will be required to match the text with a key concept of the
passage. There are 10 matching questions from these verses. This should be easy
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
if you take the time to study them Know the key facts about Hinduism,
Buddhism, and Islam. For example:
271.Know the founders (if there is one) for each religion.
Hinduism
- No single founder
Buddhism
- Siddhartha Gautama
Islam
- Muhammad
272.What is the view of suffering in Hinduism and Buddhism? The way to stop suffering is
to stop/eliminate desire (eightfold path in Buddhism)
273.Who is god/God in each religion?
Hinduism
- No one understanding of God Buddhism
- Buddha Islam
- Allah
274.What are the following concepts and which religion supports these concepts?
- The Middle Path, the Eightfold Noble Path, Tipitaka, Maya, the Five Pillars,
Karma, the Qur’an. The Middle Path
- Buddhism: The middle path (also known as Dhamma)
- Gautama’s unique contribution to religious thought:
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
- That balance “path:
- between the “two extremes”
- of “a life given to pleasures and lusts” and “a life given to mortifications” (harsh
self
- denial of not just bodily wants but bodily needs), both of which he had come to
see as “profitless”
The Eightfold Noble Path
- Buddhism: A path used to eliminate
- Desire to stop suffering.
Eight points categorized in 3 sections:
- wisdom (panna),
- ethical conduct (sila)
- Mental discipline (samadhi)
● Tipitaka
- Buddhism: (also known as the “three baskets”), the three main
sections of Buddhist scriptures; passed on orally by monks and
nuns until committed to writing some 400 years after Buddha’s
death. (like builders passing building material in baskets).
● Maya
- Hinduism: Our perceptions are actually Maya, which means “illusion” or
“appearance”; that is, what we experience in our existence, in the natural
worlds, is not the really real, kind of like a dream or a mirage
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
- it appears real and we may act as though it is real, but it is an illusion, it is
an “illusive power” (Gita 3.29).
The Five Pillars
- Islam:
1. The confession of Faith (Shahada)
2. The Contact Prayers (Salat)
3. Alms or Poor Tax (Zakat)
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. The pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)
Karma
- Hinduism: The law of karma (cause and effect based on actions/deeds)
- Keeps people locked in Samsara (even “good karma)
- Depending on karma, may be reincarnated (or return in another physical body) as
a human, an animal, or even a plant
- Good karma is still a curse but has some benefits.
- Temporary heavenly time, then reincarnation in higher caste (thus one step closer
to Moksha).
The Qur’an
- Islam:
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
M. Meaning and arrangement “recitation” - the word Qur’an literally means
“recitation” and refers to its being revealed to Muhammad and recited by
him to be written down and read for all true followers of Allah.
N. 114 Surahs (chapters)
275.Know the following terms: Viability, Hospice, and Gender Dysphoria.
● Viability
- The ability for a fetus to survive
● Hospice
- Comfortable care when a patient is dying and helps the family as well
(see question 26)
● Gender Dysphoria
- Gender Dysphoria refers to deep and abiding discomfort over the
incongruence between one’s biological sex and one’s psychological and
emotional experience of a gender.
276.T/F questions come from the topics discussed in class and your reading assignments. I
would encourage you to read over your notes several times for recall during the test.
This test is cumulative. (open links!) Beckwith, F. J., & Koukl, G. (1998).
Relativism. Van Haren Publishing. G, S. (2020).
https://medwinpublishers.com/NNOA/NNOA16000183.pdf
Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access, 5(2).
https://doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000183 Liberty University. (2021, October 27).
The College Years: Challenging the Mind and the Spirit - Journal. Liberty Journal.
lOMoARcPSD|27885836
https://www.liberty.edu/journal/article/the-collegeyears-challenging-the-mind-and-the-spi
rit/
Rigaud, S. (2013). https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20120056.html .
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2012.0056
Uğurlu, S., & Çalal, A. (2019). Epistemological Trends of the Divinity Faculty Students:
a Case Study of Ankara University Divinity Faculty. Dini Araştırmalar.
https://doi.org/10.15745/da.608609
Halverson-World Religions Overview.docx Koukl-When Tolerance is Intolerance.docx
Cole-What the Bible says about Abortion.docx Matthews-Euthanasia.docx
Yarhouse-Understanding the Transgender Phenomenon.docx
Shlemon-Homosexuality-Know the Truth.docx Van Engen-A Royal Marriage.docx
Answers In Genesis-Where Did the Races Come From.docx
