DSM Summaries
DSM Summaries
Author Note
Beverly A. Freeman
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to
Beverly A. Freeman
Email: [email protected]
Beverly A. Freeman
School of Behavioral Sciences, Liberty University
1
DSM Summaries2
DSM Summarie s
Unless otherwise noted, all the following information was taken from the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual 5th Edition, Text Revision (American Psychiatric Association, 2022).
Eliminations Disorders
Overview
Elimination disorder is the inappropriate dismissal of body waste at times and place when it is
not normal to do so. The elimination can be voluntary or involuntary. There are subtypes of
elimination disorder to differentiate from wake and sleeping hours.
Disorders
Enuresis occurs when an individual relives themselves of urine in an inappropriate place. It may
occur in the individuals waking or sleeping hours. Urinating is usually unvoluntary but can also
be voluntary.
Encopresis occurs when an individual defecates in an inappropriate manner. The removal of
feces may occur in the individual’s bed, clothing, or on the floor. The passing of feces in
inappropriate ways can be voluntary or involuntary.
Other Specified Elimination Disorder occurs when symptoms of an elimination disorder happen,
but the symptoms do not meet the full criteria.
Unspecified Elimination Disorder occurs when symptoms meet some of the criteria of an
elimination disorder, but the clinician will not specify the reason.
Risk and Prognostic Factors
Encopresis risk can be increased when an individual is experiencing pain when moving their
bowels. It is also more likely to occur in young males. Individuals with depression, anxiety, or
lower socioeconomic status make also be more likely to be affected.
Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
Overview
Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders occur when an individual’s behavior
negatively affects the rights and life of others. The disorder can be displayed as a lack of self-
control with behavior and the expression of emotions.
Disorders
Oppositional Defiant Disorder occurs when an individual constantly displays anger and
irritability. The disorder may manifest with the individual often engaging in arguments or
disruptive behavior.
DSM Summaries3
Gender Dysphoria
Disorders
Gender Dysphoria occurs when an individual feels that their body does not correctly reflect
the gender that they were assigned at birth.
Other Specified Gender Dysphoria symptoms occur, but they do not meet the full criteria as
outlined in the DSM-5TR. In this diagnosis the clinician chooses to state the specific reason the
symptoms do not meet the full criteria.
Unspecified Gender Dysphoria is diagnosed when an individual does not meet the full criteria for
as outlined in the DSM-5TR, and the clinician chooses not to disclose the reason.
Risk and Prognostic Factors
If an individual has gender nonconformity at an older age, they may be more likely to
experience Gender Dysphoria.
Risk and Prognostic Factors
Individuals that have been exposed to emotional, physical, or any other type of trauma in
early stages of their childhood and adolescents are at an increased risk of Intermittent Explosive
Disorder. Individuals are also at an increased risk if their parent has been diagnosed with this
disorder.
DSM Summaries4
Intermittent Explosive Disorder occurs when an individual loses their temper over what seems to
be a minor situation. The lost of temper can result in angry outburst from the individual that can
last up to a half hour.
Conduct Disorder occurs when an individual violates the rights of others in a repetitive or
persistent manner. The individual does not take social an age-appropriate norms into account.
The disorder may display as aggression to people and animals, destruction of property, theft, and
generally defying known rules.
Pyromania occurs when and individual deliberately and with intent sets fires more than once.
The individual my feel some sort of arousal and pleasure from setting the fires.
Kleptomania occurs when an individual is not able to resist the compulsion to steal items,
regardless if the items are needed ore wanted.
Other Specified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorder is diagnosed when an
individual does not meet the full criteria as outlined in the DSM 5-TR, and the clinician provides
a specified reason.
Unspecified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorder is diagnosed when an individual
does not meet the full criteria as outlined in the DSM 5-TR and the clinician does not specify the
reason.
DSM Summaries
References
5
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
(5th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
