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Question 1
3 out of 3 points
The answers to the skeptical challenge suggested in the pointecast presentation include:
Selected Answer: All of the above.
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Question 2
0 out of 3 points
Coherentism holds that some beliefs are more foundational than others.
Selected Answer: True
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Question 3
3 out of 3 points
The doxastic assumption is:
Selected Answer: The idea that what justifies a belief is another belief
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Question 4
0 out of 3 points
Clifford was a:
Selected Answer: Reliablist
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Question 5
3 out of 3 points
A major criticism that internalism raises against externalism is:
Selected Answer: It ignores our epistemic obligations
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Question 6
0 out of 3 points
Noetic structure refers to:
Selected Answer: The evidence we have for any particular belief we hold
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Question 7
3 out of 3 points
If an individual is an externalist in terms of epistemic warrant, then that person thinks that
Selected
Answer:
Some of the reasons or conditions for the truth of a person’s belief may lie outside
that person’s cognitive grasp.
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Question 8
3 out of 3 points
Those holding to some form of externalism in rationality tend to argue that, since it is impossible for
persons to have any cognitive access to the reasons and evidence that support some of a person’s
beliefs, internalists cannot be right with respect to their account of justification for all beliefs.
Selected Answer: True
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Question 9
0 out of 3 points
Coherentism is a position in epistemic justification which holds that
Selected Answer: There must be a basing relation if beliefs are to be justified.
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Question 10
3 out of 3 points
Select the one below that is NOT a difficulty with W.K. Clifford’s approach to evidentialism
Selected
Answer:
It is certain that his approach to evidentialism reverts to a form of reliabilism in
knowledge.
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Question 11
0 out of 3 points
When we consider the way that our beliefs relate to each other, we are making a reference to
Selected Answer: The notion of concurrence.
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Question 12
0 out of 3 points
If Jacob thinks there is overwhelming evidence for the existence of God, especially in light of what he
thinks is the apparent design and fine-tuning of the universe, but John claims that the obvious
existence of evil argues against the rationality of Jacob’s belief in the existence of God, then John has
Selected Answer: All of the above
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Question 13
Needs Grading
Explain the logical problem with W. K. Clifford’s belief that “It is wrong always, everywhere and for
anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence."
Selected
Answer:
Clifford's belief is self-destructive in that he does not have the evidence to prove
his claim against the evidence and knowledge.
Response
Feedback:
[None Given]
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Question 14
3 out of 3 points
Virtue epistemology generally focuses on being intellectually virtuous as opposed to being absolutely
certain.
Selected Answer: True.
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Question 15
3 out of 3 points
The intellectual virtue of studiousness leads one to seek knowledge with the right kind of motives
and desires.
Selected Answer: True.
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Question 16
0 out of 3 points
Aristotle’s notion of happiness focused on:
Selected Answer: Seeking relief from pain and suffering.
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Question 17
3 out of 3 points
Which of the following is not one of Aristotle’s virtues mentioned by Dew & Foreman?
Selected Answer: Meekness.
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Question 18
3 out of 3 points
Discussions of vice and virtues tend to arise within which major area of philosophy?
Selected Answer: Ethics.
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Question 19
3 out of 3 points
Humility helps us fight against intellectual vices like pride and vanity that keep us from seeing the
truth.
Selected Answer: True.
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Question 20
0 out of 3 points
According to Kant, belief in God’s existence is a claim of metaphysical knowledge, and while he thinks
we cannot have knowledge of such metaphysical claims, he, nevertheless, believes we have good
reasons to believe in the existence of God because
Selected
Answer:
Kant was an externalist in knowledge and argued that we are not required to have
access to our reasons in support of a belief in order to be justified in holding it.
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Question 21
3 out of 3 points
When the used car salesman tells Steve that the particular car he is considering purchasing has less
than fifteen thousand actual miles on it, Steve is, quite naturally, a bit skeptical about this claim,
particularly since the car is over ten years old and looks a little worse for wear. In exhibiting this level
of doubt, Steve is expressing:
Selected Answer: Common sense skepticism.
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Question 22
0 out of 3 points
If Robert thinks that the only way in this world for a person to know whether God exists is to have
some kind of sensory experience of God, along with an active mind that is able to process, structure
and arrange ones experiences in a way that makes sense to him, then Robert would be following
Kant in thinking that:
Selected Answer: We can only know God by way of metaphysical skepticism.
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Question 23
3 out of 3 points
Robert is a scientist who firmly believes in empirical truths and the physical laws of causality (e.g.
when he builds a fire in his fireplace, it will produce heat), but he expresses serious reservations
about the rational credibility of whether there are objective moral virtues, such as goodness, or
whether such a being as the traditional God of theism does in fact exist. In such a case, Robert is
expressing a form of
Selected Answer: Metaphysical skepticism.
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Question 24
0 out of 3 points
One of the philosophical benefits of skepticism is that
Selected
Answer:
It reminds us that, since certainty is difficult to achieve, it turns out that we are
rational by virtue of the fact that we hold a given belief in the first place.
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Question 25
3 out of 3 points
One reason why certainty in knowledge is not likely a reasonable alternative to unmitigated
skepticism is because
Selected
Answer:
We are often able to see that a given belief we hold, rather than being justified by the
right kind of evidence in support of it, has been unduly influenced by social factors
having nothing to do with its justification, and this gives us good reasons to question
the certainty of our beliefs.
