Course 201940 Fall 2019 HSCO 502-B11 LUO
Test Test 1
Started 9/1/19 5:59 PM
Submitted 9/1/19 7:03 PM
Due Date 9/1/19 11:59 PM
Status Completed
Attempt Score 98 out of 100 points
Time Elapsed 1 hour, 3 minutes out of 2 hours
Instructions Time limit: 2 hours
50 multiple-choice questions
Open-book/open-notes
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the test.
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Question 1
2 out of 2 points
At 10 months old, Suzie is very active, responds intensely to stimulation,
avoids new stimulation, and tends to be irritable and fussy. Her
temperament would be called
Selected
Answer: Difficul
t.
Question 2
0 out of 2 points
Which statement is TRUE regarding the characteristic of attachment style:
false
Selected
Answer: Infants with an avoidant-insecure attachment excessively cry
when separated with their care-provide and cling to their
mother when she returns.
Question 3
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements is true about the effects of teratogens on
the developing fetus?
Selected
Answer: The kind of damage done depends on the stage of
development during exposure.
Question 4
2 out of 2 points
Infants form multiple attachments, to both mother and father and perhaps
to a sibling, grandparent, and so on. Which of the following statements is
most consistent with available data on the impact of these attachments?
Selected
Answer: More than one secure attachment adds value, serving as a
further protective factor.
Question 5
2 out of 2 points
In considering infant mental health, helping professionals who work with
young children should take an active role in
Selected
Answer: Providing support and information for
parents.
Question 6
2 out of 2 points
Mrs. Harmon, the mother of 18-month-old Bryce, is concerned that Bryce
has not learned to speak very well. He has a limited vocabulary and seems
content to point to the things he wants. Mrs. Harmon has read several child
development books which indicate that Bryce should be in the stage of
language learning. Mrs. Harmon fears that Bryce is not keeping up
developmentally. Based on your understanding of the timing of
developmental stages, what would be your best advice?
Selected
Answer: Developmental stages can be useful guidelines, but there is a
range of normal development within stages.
Question 7
2 out of 2 points
Developmental researchers use the term “goodness of fit” to refer to
Selected
Answer: The match between the caregiver’s responses to a child and
the child’s temperament.
Question 8
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following best represents early prenatal brain development?
Selected
Answer: The hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain emerge from the neural
tube around the 25th day of gestation.
Question 9
2 out of 2 points
When considering the age of entry and the amount of time spent in day
care, researchers have identified a dose-response relationship which is
associated with what outcome?
Selected
Answer: aggression and neediness at
school age
Question 10
2 out of 2 points
Recessive, defective gene alleles can cause hereditary disorders. It is
estimated that most people carry ____________ recessive, defective alleles in
their genotypes.
Selected
Answer: three to
five
Question 11
2 out of 2 points
High levels of the hormone oxytocin plays an important role in early social
bonding by
Selected
Answer: Promoting physical closeness and reducing
maternal stress.
Question 12
2 out of 2 points
Bea is the mother of 4-month-old Alex. She has been depressed since Alex’s
birth and is frequently withdrawn. Because of Bea’s depression, we can
expect that, in comparison to other 4-month-olds, Alex experiences will
display
Selected
Answer: More fearfulness and turning
away.
Question 13
2 out of 2 points
Basic emotions such as _____________ can be observed in young infants, but
self-conscious emotions such as ____________ only emerge in childhood.
Selected
Answer: Surprise and fear / embarrassment
and pride
Question 14
2 out of 2 points
The ability to use language to communicate effectively by using well-
organized narratives primarily depends upon the development of
____________ skill.
Selected
Answer: Pragmat
ic
Question 15
2 out of 2 points
Ms. Dawson recently gave birth to twins, a girl and a boy. Which of the
following
statements about them must be true?
Selected
Answer: They are
dizygotic.
Question 16
2 out of 2 points
Guidelines for the application of developmental research in helping
professions include
Selected
Answer: keeping abreast of issues in the field and taking a
multidimensional view of the influences on an individual.
Question 17
2 out of 2 points
Myelinization is the process which involves
Selected
Answer: coating the axon with a fatty sheath that improves
conduction of electrical impulses.
Question 18
2 out of 2 points
Using Erikson’s developmental theory as a framework, which of the
following statements is an accurate representation of his ideas?
Selected
Answer: Successful resolution of a psychosocial crisis at each stage
depends upon having more positive than negative experiences
in the area of major concern.
Question 19
2 out of 2 points
In lifespan developmental theories, significant developmental changes are
thought to be largely complete by
Selected
Answer: Deat
h.
Question 20
2 out of 2 points
Sally, age 28, recently married John, age 45. They would like to have a
child, but they are concerned that they may be at high risk to have a child
with a chromosomal abnormality, like Down’s syndrome, because of John’s
age. What is their genetic counselor likely to tell them?
Selected
Answer: They are at higher than average risk for some chromosomal
disorders because of John’s age, but not for Down’s syndrome.
Question 21
2 out of 2 points
Video response. Review the video on, page 11 of your book; from the 3
statements select which one(s) are correct.
Statement 1. The children were unable to successfully set the table and the
teacher had to help. This demonstrates that the children mistrust their
ability to perform the task.
Statement 2. These children are at the age where they are demonstrating
initiative vs. guilt, taking on grown-up roles.
Statement 3. The children are demonstrating the emergence of autonomy
with muscular control and both cognitive and language skills that help them
take initiative.
Selected
Answer: statement 2 and 3 are
correct
Question 22
2 out of 2 points
In considering the major structures of the brain, which of these statements
is FALSE.
Selected
Answer: The limbic system is constructed of the activities located in the
midbrain area, that impact complex thought processes.
Question 23
2 out of 2 points
The still-face paradigm has been used primarily to study
Selected
Answer: Emotion regulation in
infants.
Question 24
2 out of 2 points
Which statement about cross-cultural influence on infant attachment is
TRUE:
Selected
Answer: In strange-situation-tests across cultures, a secure base is
indicated by distress when she is separated and comfort when
she returns.
Question 25
2 out of 2 points
One important lesson that people in helping professional can take from
Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s work is that
Selected
Answer: Understanding how young clients think can help in structuring
interventions that build effectively on existing knowledge and
meanings.
Question 26
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements is NOT indicative of intergenerational
transmission:
Selected
Answer: Intergenerational transmission is less likely for mothers with
strong dissociative tendencies.
Question 27
2 out of 2 points
In Bowlby’s attachment theory, which of the following represents a primary
outcome of the formation of attachments in infancy?
Selected
Answer: A working model of self, of others, and of
relationships.
Question 28
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is an accurate description of the long-term effects of
chronic
stress on the body?
Selected
Answer: The ability of the immune system to fight infection and ward
off disease is compromised.
Question 29
2 out of 2 points
According to Vygotsky, language is one product of shared understanding
among members of a social group and may be considered a ____________
that facilitates learning and thinking.
Selected
Answer: Tool or
sign
Question 30
2 out of 2 points
Which statement regarding the understanding of objects, in infancy is
FALSE?
Selected
Answer: The development of one sensory system does not influence
the development of other systems.
Question 31
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statemet is FALSE regarding chronic stress during
pregnancy and its impact on the fetus?
Selected
Answer: Stress during pregnancy, has no lasting effects
on the fetus.
Question 32
2 out of 2 points
Video response. Review the video on , page 15 of your book; from the 3
statements select which one(s) are correct.
Statement 1. The teach illustrates social learning theory by modeling the
process she would use to study the lesson and presents it to the group.
Statement 2. In order for modeling to be effective, there must be a reward
attached to motivate a child to repeat the behavior.
Statement 3. The video suggests that modeling experiences could have
been improved if the teacher would have worked one to one with each
student opposed to having them observe this exercise as a group.
Selected
Answer: Statement 1 is
correct
Question 33
2 out of 2 points
Annette is a warm and affectionate mother to her sons, Jason and Keith.
When she comes home from her job, she likes to spend time playing with
them, preparing their favorite foods, and watching TV with them. She
describes herself as a “soft touch” when it comes to her children. Lately she
has been hearing complaints about 6-year-old Jason’s behavior in school.
Annette thinks the teacher is being too hard on her son. She does not want
anything to affect the good relationship she has with her children. Which
style best describes Annette’s parenting?
Selected
Answer: Permissiv
e.
Question 34
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is a true statement about the stability of infant
attachments?
Selected
Answer: Changes in family stressors that lead to changes in caregiving
quality can lead to shifts in attachment quality.
Question 35
2 out of 2 points
Counselors must recognize the principle of ___________: Individual pathways
of development may result in a wide range of possible outcomes.
Selected
Answer: multifinali
ty
Question 36
2 out of 2 points
Which statement is NOT a contribution from Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory:
Selected
Answer: Adult scaffolding affects executive fundctiona by minimalizing a
child’s ability to use private speech to solve problems.
Question 37
2 out of 2 points
Developmentalists study what infants and children understand about other
people’s intentions, desires, beliefs, feelings, and so on. This field of study
is referred to as
Selected
Answer: Theory of
mind.
Question 38
2 out of 2 points
An attempt to forestall the development of problems by promoting health
and wellness in the general population is called
Selected
Answer: primary
prevention.
Question 39
2 out of 2 points
Stage theories of development typically describe ____________ changes in
behavior, cognition, or social relationships.
Selected
Answer: qualitati
ve
Question 40
2 out of 2 points
Video response. Review the video on, page 135 of your book; from the 3
statements select which one(s) are correct.
Statement 1: children across all cultures, experience separate anxiety,
around 12 months old; this is consistent because of human genetic factors.
Statement 2: Cultural factors can influence children’s response to strangers,
and the existence of separation anxiety.
Statement 3: Only children who live in orphanages have a lower anxiety
response.
Selected
Answer: Statement 2 is
correct
Question 41
2 out of 2 points
In one study, young rats exposed to stress vocalized their anxiety. Their
mothers, alerted to this distress, responded with diligent caregiving
behavior that altered the development of the hippocampus. Which of the
following processes or principles does this example demonstrate?
Selected
Answer: Epigenes
is.
Question 42
2 out of 2 points
Contemporary developmentalists focus on which question concerning
nature and nurture?
Selected
Answer: How do we explain the mechanisms by which nature and
nurture interact to affect development?
Question 43
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements does not reflect contemporary critiques
of Piagetian theory that have experimental support?
Selected
Answer: Infants frequently have the ability to mentally represent
objects at birth.
Question 44
2 out of 2 points
The measure of social status that combines aspects of education
background, income, and occupation is called
Selected
Answer: socioeconomic
status.
Question 45
2 out of 2 points
Video response. Review the video on, page 79 of your book; from the 3
statements select which ones are correct.
Statement 1: The students demonstrate Piaget’s concreate operational
thought, only being able to understand previous learning and what they
observe to be true at this time.
Statement 2: The students demonstrate three processes of understanding:
adaption, assimilation and accommodation related to their knowledge of
tadpole development and the new information provided by the teacher,
about their growth.
Statement 3: The students were not able to understand that tadpoles lost
their tail and became shorter. This demonstrates that the at their age, they
are incapable of using this new information.
Selected
Answer: Statement 2 is
correct
Question 46
2 out of 2 points
The adult attachment inventory (AAI) is used to assess the quality of
attachment that parent have established with their own infants. Which
statement is INCORRECT regarding the finds of Main and her colleagues:
Selected
Answer: Parents with an unresolved-disorganized pattern, tend to have
infants with an anxious-ambivalent attachment style in stranger
situation tests.
Question 47
2 out of 2 points
Assimilation can be described as ____________ and accommodation can be
described as ____________.
Selected
Answer: Incorporating information / restructuring
information.
Question 48
2 out of 2 points
When considering the level of trait in easy and difficult temperaments, as
summarized in table 4.3, which statement is FALSE:
Selected
Answer: Easy temperament styles have a low regularity in their
rhythmicity.
Question 49
2 out of 2 points
For most mental illnesses and behavioral disorders, like alcoholism and
clinical depression, the genetic contribution can best be described as
Selected
Answer: polygeni
c.
Question 50
2 out of 2 points
Jacinta, the mother of a 10-month-old baby boy, is concerned about her
son’s increasing fussiness when she leaves him with his babysitter each
morning. Which explanation of his behavior is most likely to be accurate?
Selected
Answer: He is showing separation distress because his recognition
memory is improving during this period.
