Question 1
2 out of 2 points
When considering the age of entry and the amount of time spent in day care,
researchers have identified a dose-response relationship which is associated with
what outcome?
Selected
Answer:
aggression and neediness at
school age
Question 2
2 out of 2 points
Guidelines for the application of developmental research in helping professions
include
Selected
Answer:
keeping abreast of issues in the field and taking a multidimensional
view of the influences on an individual.
Question 3
2 out of 2 points
The adult attachment inventory (AAI) is used to assess the quality of attachment
that parent have established with their own infants. Which statement is INCORRECT
regarding the finds of Main and her colleagues:
Selected
Answer:
Parents with an unresolved-disorganized pattern, tend to have infants
with an anxious-ambivalent attachment style in stranger situation
tests.
Question 4
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following best represents early prenatal brain development?
Selected
Answer:
The hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain emerge from the neural tube
around the 25th day of gestation.
Question 5
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is a true statement about the stability of infant attachments?
Selected
Answer:
Changes in family stressors that lead to changes in caregiving quality
can lead to shifts in attachment quality.
Question 6
2 out of 2 points
Jacinta, the mother of a 10-month-old baby boy, is concerned about her son’s
increasing fussiness when she leaves him with his babysitter each morning. Which
explanation of his behavior is most likely to be accurate?
Selected
Answer:
He is showing separation distress because his recognition memory is
improving during this period.
Question 7
2 out of 2 points
In considering infant mental health, helping professionals who work with young
children should take an active role in
Selected
Answer:
Providing support and information for
parents.
Question 8
2 out of 2 points
Which statement regarding the understanding of objects, in infancy is FALSE?
Selected
Answer:
The development of one sensory system does not influence the
development of other systems.
Question 9
2 out of 2 points
In Bowlby’s attachment theory, which of the following represents a primary outcome
of the formation of attachments in infancy?
Selected
Answer:
A working model of self, of others, and of
relationships.
Question 10
2 out of 2 points
Basic emotions such as _____________ can be observed in young infants, but self-
conscious emotions such as ____________ only emerge in childhood.
Selected
Answer:
Surprise and fear / embarrassment
and pride
Question 11
2 out of 2 points
Bea is the mother of 4-month-old Alex. She has been depressed since Alex’s birth
and is frequently withdrawn. Because of Bea’s depression, we can expect that, in
comparison to other 4-month-olds, Alex experiences will display
Selected
Answer:
More fearfulness and turning
away.
Question 12
2 out of 2 points
Theories of development differ from opinion primarily because:
Selected
Answer:
they are based on scientific
research.
Question 13
2 out of 2 points
High levels of the hormone oxytocin plays an important role in early social bonding
by
Selected
Answer:
Promoting physical closeness and reducing
maternal stress.
Question 14
2 out of 2 points
Mrs. Harmon, the mother of 18-month-old Bryce, is concerned that Bryce has not
learned to speak very well. He has a limited vocabulary and seems content to point
to the things he wants. Mrs. Harmon has read several child development books
which indicate that Bryce should be in the stage of language learning. Mrs. Harmon
fears that Bryce is not keeping up developmentally. Based on your understanding of
the timing of developmental stages, what would be your best advice?
Selected
Answer:
Developmental stages can be useful guidelines, but there is a range
of normal development within stages.
Question 15
2 out of 2 points
An attempt to forestall the development of problems by promoting health and
wellness in the general population is called
Selected
Answer:
primary
prevention.
Question 16
2 out of 2 points
According to Vygotsky, language is one product of shared understanding among
members of a social group and may be considered a ____________ that facilitates
learning and thinking.
Selected
Answer:
Tool or
sign
Question 17
2 out of 2 points
Annette is a warm and affectionate mother to her sons, Jason and Keith. When she
comes home from her job, she likes to spend time playing with them, preparing their
favorite foods, and watching TV with them. She describes herself as a “soft touch”
when it comes to her children. Lately she has been hearing complaints about 6-year-
old Jason’s behavior in school. Annette thinks the teacher is being too hard on her
son. She does not want anything to affect the good relationship she has with her
children. Which style best describes Annette’s parenting?
Selected
Answer:
Permissiv
e.
Question 18
2 out of 2 points
Ms. Dawson recently gave birth to twins, a girl and a boy. Which of the following
statements about them must be true?
Selected
Answer:
They are
dizygotic.
Question 19
2 out of 2 points
Which statement about cross-cultural influence on infant attachment is TRUE:
Selected
Answer:
In strange-situation-tests across cultures, a secure base is indicated
by distress when she is separated and comfort when she returns.
Question 20
2 out of 2 points
In one study, young rats exposed to stress vocalized their anxiety. Their mothers,
alerted to this distress, responded with diligent caregiving behavior that altered the
development of the hippocampus. Which of the following processes or principles
does this example demonstrate?
Selected
Answer:
Epigenes
is.
Question 21
2 out of 2 points
Using Erikson’s developmental theory as a framework, which of the following
statements is an accurate representation of his ideas?
Selected
Answer:
Successful resolution of a psychosocial crisis at each stage depends
upon having more positive than negative experiences in the area of
major concern.
Question 22
2 out of 2 points
Recessive, defective gene alleles can cause hereditary disorders. It is estimated that
most people carry ____________ recessive, defective alleles in their genotypes.
Selected
Answer:
three to
five
Question 23
2 out of 2 points
The ability to use language to communicate effectively by using well-organized
narratives primarily depends upon the development of ____________ skill.
Selected
Answer:
Pragmat
ic
Question 24
2 out of 2 points
Video response. Review the video on , page 15 of your book; from the 3 statements
select which one(s) are correct.
Statement 1. The teach illustrates social learning theory by modeling the process
she would use to study the lesson and presents it to the group.
Statement 2. In order for modeling to be effective, there must be a reward attached
to motivate a child to repeat the behavior.
Statement 3. The video suggests that modeling experiences could have been
improved if the teacher would have worked one to one with each student opposed
to having them observe this exercise as a group.
Selected
Answer:
Statement 1 is
correct
Question 25
2 out of 2 points
One important lesson that people in helping professional can take from Piaget’s and
Vygotsky’s work is that
Selected
Answer:
Understanding how young clients think can help in structuring
interventions that build effectively on existing knowledge and
meanings.
Question 26
2 out of 2 points
Contemporary developmentalists focus on which question concerning nature and
nurture?
Selected
Answer:
How do we explain the mechanisms by which nature and nurture
interact to affect development?
Question 27
2 out of 2 points
Infants form multiple attachments, to both mother and father and perhaps to a
sibling, grandparent, and so on. Which of the following statements is most
consistent with available data on the impact of these attachments?
Selected
Answer:
More than one secure attachment adds value, serving as a further
protective factor.
Question 28
2 out of 2 points
Developmentalists study what infants and children understand about other people’s
intentions, desires, beliefs, feelings, and so on. This field of study is referred to as
Selected
Answer:
Theory of
mind.
Question 29
2 out of 2 points
In lifespan developmental theories, significant developmental changes are thought to be
largely complete by
Selected
Answer:
Deat
h.
Question 30
2 out of 2 points
The measure of social status that combines aspects of education background,
income, and occupation is called
Selected
Answer:
socioeconomic
status.
Question 31
2 out of 2 points
Stage theories of development typically describe ____________ changes in behavior,
cognition, or social relationships.
Selected
Answer:
qualitati
ve
Question 32
2 out of 2 points
The still-face paradigm has been used primarily to study
Selected
Answer:
Emotion regulation in
infants.
Question 33
2 out of 2 points
For most mental illnesses and behavioral disorders, like alcoholism and clinical
depression, the genetic contribution can best be described as
Selected
Answer:
polygeni
c.
Question 34
2 out of 2 points
At 10 months old, Suzie is very active, responds intensely to stimulation, avoids new
stimulation, and tends to be irritable and fussy. Her temperament would be called
Selected
Answer:
Difficul
t.
Question 35
2 out of 2 points
Which statement is NOT a contribution from Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory:
Selected
Answer:
Adult scaffolding affects executive fundctiona by minimalizing a
child’s ability to use private speech to solve problems.
Question 36
2 out of 2 points
Which statement is TRUE regarding the characteristic of attachment style:
Selected
Answer:
Infants produce contradictory behavior showing both an inclination to
approach the mother when stress and a tendency to avoid her when she
approaches when they have a disorganized-disoriented attachment
style.
Question 37
2 out of 2 points
In Bronfenbrenner’s model, proximal processes refer to
Selected reciprocal interactions between an organism and its immediate
Answer: environment.
Question 38
2 out of 2 points
When considering the level of trait in easy and difficult temperaments, as
summarized in table 4.3, which statement is FALSE:
Selected
Answer:
Easy temperament styles have low regularity in their
rhythmicity.
Question 39
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements is most accurate with regard to Piaget’s theory?
Selected
Answer:
Piaget believed in the dynamic quality of stages and understood that
children in the same stage could vary greatly in their specific
understanding of causality, morality, and so forth.
Question 40
2 out of 2 points
Assimilation can be described as ____________ and accommodation can be described
as ____________.
Selected
Answer:
Incorporating information / restructuring
information.
Question 41
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements does not reflect contemporary critiques of
Piagetian theory that have experimental support?
Selected
Answer:
Infants frequently have the ability to mentally represent
objects at birth.
Question 42
2 out of 2 points
Counselors must recognize the principle of ___________: Individual pathways of
development may result in a wide range of possible outcomes.
Selected
Answer:
multifinali
ty
Question 43
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is an accurate description of the long-term effects of chronic
stress on the body?
Selected
Answer:
The ability of the immune system to fight infection and ward off
disease is compromised.
Question 44
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statemet is FALSE regarding chronic stress during pregnancy
and its impact on the fetus?
Selected
Answer:
Stress during pregnancy, has no lasting effects
on the fetus.
Question 45
2 out of 2 points
Sally, age 28, recently married John, age 45. They would like to have a child, but
they are concerned that they may be at high risk to have a child with a
chromosomal abnormality, like Down’s syndrome, because of John’s age. What is
their genetic counselor likely to tell them?
Selected
Answer:
They are at higher than average risk for some chromosomal disorders
because of John’s age, but not for Down’s syndrome.
Question 46
2 out of 2 points
Myelinization is the process which involves
Selected
Answer:
coating the axon with a fatty sheath that improves conduction of
electrical impulses.
Question 47
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements is true about the effects of teratogens on the
developing fetus?
Selected
Answer:
The kind of damage done depends on the stage of development
during exposure.
Question 48
2 out of 2 points
Developmental researchers use the term “goodness of fit” to refer to
Selected
Answer:
The match between the caregiver’s responses to a child and the
child’s temperament.
Question 49
2 out of 2 points
In considering the major structures of the brain, which of these statements is FALSE.
Selected
Answer:
The limbic system is constructed of the activities located in the
midbrain area, that impact complex thought processes.
Question 50
2 out of 2 points
Video response. Review the video on, page 79 of your book.
True or false: The students demonstrate three processes of understanding: adaption,
assimilation and accommodation related to their knowledge of tadpole development
and the new information provided by the teacher about their growth.
