1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
1/10
3 / 3 pts
Question 1
True or False? Certain diseases can occur more than once in the
same individual during a stated period of time. Repeated cases of the
disease have no effect upon incidence rates.
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 2
True or False? Calculation of the standardized mortality ratio is an
example of the direct method of age adjustment.
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 3
An epidemiologic survey of roller-skating injuries in Metroville, a city
with a population of 100,000 (during the midpoint of the year),
produced the following data for a particular year:
The crude death rate for all causes was:
90/600 × 100,000
1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
2/10
900/100,000 × 100,000
90/1,800 × 100,000
90/900 × 100,000
3 / 3 pts
Question 4
An epidemiologic survey of roller-skating injuries in Metroville, a city
with a population of 100,000 (during the midpoint of the year),
produced the following data for a particular year:
The proportional mortality ratio (%) due to roller-skating was:
90/600 × 100
90/100,000 × 100
90/1,800 × 100
90/900 × 100
Page: 142
3 / 3 pts
Question 5
The risk of acquiring a given disease during a time period is best
determined by:
the mortality rate from that disease in the 0-4 age group.
1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
3/10
a spot map that records all cases of the disease in the past year.
the period prevalence for that disease during the past year.
the incidence rate (cumulative incidence) for that disease in a given
period of time.
3 / 3 pts
Question 6
Successful treatment programs that would shorten the duration of a
disease primarily affect:
the prevalence of the disease
the incidence of the disease
both the incidence and the prevalence of the disease
none of the above
3 / 3 pts
Question 7
True or False? The crude death rate is defined as the number of
deaths in a given year divided by a reference population (during mid-
point of the year) multiplied by 100,000.
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 8
1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
4/10
Which of the following terms is expressed as a ratio (as distinguished
from a proportion)?
A and B
Page: 109
3 / 3 pts
Question 9
True or False? The point prevalence of a disease is defined as the
number of persons ill divided by the total number in the group at a
point in time.
True
False
Page: 115
3 / 3 pts
Question 10
1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
5/10
True or False? The proportional mortality ratio (%) is defined as the
mortality due to a specific cause during a time period divided by the
mortality due to all causes during the same time period times 100.
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 11
True or False? The incidence rate of a disease is defined as the
number of new cases of the disease over a time period divided by the
total population (at risk) during the same time period times a multiplier
(e.g. 100,000).
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 12
The incidence of a disease is five times greater in men than in
women, but the prevalence shows no sex difference. The most likely
explanation is that:
the mortality rate is greater in women.
the case fatality rate is greater in women.
the duration of the disease is greater in women.
women receive less adequate medical care for the disease.
1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
6/10
3 / 3 pts
Question 13
Descriptive epidemiology characterizes the amount and distribution of
disease within a population and enables the researcher to:
make direct tests of etiologic hypotheses
generate testable hypotheses regarding etiology
evaluate trends in health and disease within a population
All of the above
B and C only
Page: 159
3 / 3 pts
Question 14
Which of Mill's four canons suggests that there is an association
between frequency of disease and the potency of a causative factor?
Difference
Agreement
Concomitant variation
Residues
3 / 3 pts
Question 15
True or False? Health phenomena may show cyclic variations in a
person's response to temporary stressors.
1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
7/10
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 16
True or False? WHO is a major source of information about worldwide
international variations in rates of disease.
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 17
Which of the following statements most accurately expresses the
breeder hypothesis for schizophrenia?
The conditions of life in lower-class society favor its development.
The conditions of life in upper-class society favor its development.
The illness leads to the clustering of psychosis in the impoverished
areas of a city.
The illness is associated with increases in creative talents, which
contribute to wealth-enhancing achievements.
3 / 3 pts
Question 18
1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
8/10
True or False? Nativity refers to place of origin of an individual.
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 19
True or False? Developmental problems such as congenital birth
defects occur primarily late in life.
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 20
True or False? The human biological clock phenomenon is linked to
place variation in diseases.
True
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 21
True or False? One of three main purposes of descriptive
epidemiology is to aid in the creation of hypotheses.
True
1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
9/10
False
3 / 3 pts
Question 22
True or False? The three categories of descriptive epidemiologic
variables are person, place, and time.
True
False
0 / 3 pts
Question 23
Incorrect
Incorrect
Descriptive epidemiology has the following characteristics (Choose
the incorrect option):
provides the basis for planning and evaluation of health services.
allows causal inference from descriptive data.
allows comparisons by age, sex, and race.
uses case reports, case series, and cross-sectional studies.
identifies problems to be studied by analytic methods.
3 / 3 pts
Question 24
A null hypothesis is most similar to which of the following?
Positive declaration
1/25/23, 6:09 PM
Quiz: Ratios, Proportions, and Rates: HLTH503: Principles of Epidemiology (B03)
https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/427275/quizzes/2039012
10/10
Negative declaration
Implicit question
None of the above
3 / 3 pts
Question 25
Which of the following reasons might account for place variation in
disease?
Concentration of racial or ethnic groups within an area
Genetic and environment interactions
Influence of climate
Presence of environmental carcinogens
All of the above
Quiz Score: 72 out of 75
